中医药在治疗各种疾病中发挥着重要作用，在临床应用中越来越受到重视。连翘，连翘的干果(Thunb.) Vahl，是一种广泛用于临床的中药材，具有广泛的药理活性。连翘苷A是从连翘中分离出来的主要活性指标成分，具有显着的生物活性。现代药理研究证实连翘苷A在治疗多种疾病方面表现出显着的活性，包括炎症、病毒感染、神经退行性变、氧化应激、肝损伤和细菌感染。本综述对连翘酯苷A的药理活性进行了全面的综述和总结。资料显示，连翘苷A通过调节NF-κB、MAPK、JAK/STAT、Nrf2、RLRs、TRAF、TLR7 和 ER 应激。此外，本综述还讨论了连翘酯苷A的毒性和药代动力学特性，为进一步研究从中药单体中探索新的有效药物提供了坚实的基础和证据。

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Traditional Chinese medicine plays a significant role in the treatment of various diseases and has attracted increasing attention for clinical applications. Forsythiae Fructus, the dried fruit of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, is a widely used Chinese medicinal herb in clinic for its extensive pharmacological activities. Forsythiaside A is the main active index component isolated from Forsythiae Fructus and possesses prominent bioactivities. Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that Forsythiaside A exhibits significant activities in treating various diseases, including inflammation, virus infection, neurodegeneration, oxidative stress, liver injury, and bacterial infection. In this review, the pharmacological activities of Forsythiaside A have been comprehensively reviewed and summarized. According to the data, Forsythiaside A shows remarkable anti-inflammation, antivirus, neuroprotection, antioxidant, hepatoprotection, and antibacterial activities through regulating multiple signaling transduction pathways such as NF-κB, MAPK, JAK/STAT, Nrf2, RLRs, TRAF, TLR7, and ER stress. In addition, the toxicity and pharmacokinetic properties of Forsythiaside A are also discussed in this review, thus providing a solid foundation and evidence for further studies to explore novel effective drugs from Chinese medicine monomers.