市场上的考研英语翻译课程可以说是鱼龙混杂，让很多考生感到压力很大，其实考研英语的翻译久两个核心点，准确理解和贴切转述，理解句子到底表达的是什么意思，然后用符合中文的表达转述出来就差不多了。今天，好轻松考研小编给大家整理了2004年考研英语一翻译真题及答案解析，希望对大家有帮助。

　　The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries.61) The Greeks assumed that the_ structure of language had some connection with the process of thought. which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.

　　Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir,were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. 62) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however, who were less eager to deal with bizarre data from“exotic" language, were not always so grateful. 63) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US miltary as a code during World War II to send secret messages.Sapir's pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Indian languages. 64) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. 65) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism. 

       答案解析：

　　61):[解析]本题考 核的知识点是:多锺复合句的译法该句子是复杂的复合句,其结构可以分三层。第- -层是含非限定性定语从句的复合句，主干是The Greeks assumed sth, which took rot..其中Which引导定语从句，代表前面的观点sth.,因此直接译成"这种观点"; 第二层是含宾语从句的主句+含时间状语从句的非限定性定语从句，主句中that引导宾语从句做宾语,定语从句中long before引导时间状语从句做状语。第三层是含宾语从句的时间状语从句，其中how diverse languages could be做realized的宾语。

　　词汇: assume 意为”假定，设想，猜测，认为",在句子中译为”认为” 更符合汉语习惯; some译为"某种”，表示不确定; take root的意思是”扎根,生根”; long before,意为.早.......”diverse的意思是“不同的,变化多的”，在句子中通过词类转换，译成“语言的干差万别”。

　　(62):[解析]本题考核的知识点是: 短语be obliged to、多重复合句的译法该句也是复杂的复合句,其结构分三层。第- -层是含原因状语从句的复合句,主干是We are obliged to them because ... because 引导原因状语从句。第二层是because原因状语从句中套as原因状语从句，从句的主干是these languages have since vanished, a....第三层是as原因状语从句中套定语从句,主干是peoples (who spoke them )died out or became assimilated and lost...其中定语从句who spoke them限定先行词people,做主语;谓语是or连接的两个并列部分，其中第二部分又是and连接的两个动作。全句翻译的时候非常重要的一点就是排序,原因状语放在主句前后均可,状语从句内部先翻译as引导的从句。同时也要注意-一些细节， 如since, or。

　　词汇: be obliged to通常的意思是"不得不”，这里是- -个不太常见的意思“感谢”，可以从上下文中推出; since 意为"从此之后”; vanish的意思是“消失”; assimilate 的意思是"同化，吸收”。

　　(63):[解析]本题考核的知识点是: o...that 结构、短语accuse sb. ofsth..过去分词做定语的译法句子的主干是languages were often so ..that ...其中that引导结构状语从句。有两个过去分词作定语: newly described和well studied,因为较短,可直接译为定语。主句谓语部分were often so strikingly different from有两种处理方法: - -种是保留原文词性,译为“如此显著地不同于”;第二种是改变词性，将different变为名词，strikingly 变为形容词，全旬结构为.....区别如此显著,以至...。后者更加符合汉语的习惯。

　　词汇: strikingly 意为"显著地”; accuse 意为"指责; 指控”, 本句选择前一个词义”指责”; fabricate 的意思是"捏造”，考生即使不知道这个词义,也可以根据.上下文推出。

　　(64):[解析]本题考核的知识点是:非谓语结构作状语和同位语从句的译法句子的主干是Whorf developed the idea that ... that 引导同位语从句。主句中又有Being interested in the relationship of language and thought这个现在分词结构作原因状语，翻译时可以把句子主语提前，译为主谓句,但需要加一个连词，表明和主句的因果关系,这里可以加"因为...所以“，"以至”或"结果”。that引导的同位语从句的处理方法可以是"这样的”，或用"那就是”、"即” 等表达后，重新组织句子。

　　词汇: developed 与idea搭配，不宜译作"发展”，可译为"得出”;determine意为“决定” ; habitual 的意思是”习惯的”。

　　(65):[解析]本题考核的知识点是: 定语从句、宾语从句的译法该句子分两个层次。层是含定语从句的主句，其主干是Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which ... which 弓|导定语从句修饰linguistic determinism。第二层是含有两个并列的宾语从句的定语从句，主干是which states that ... tha....两个that引导宾语从句。

　　词汇: come to表达一种转变, 可译为”逐渐、 进而”; determinism意为“决定论"或“决定主义”; in its strongest form按汉语习惯可译作”其极端的形式”; imprison 的本义是"监禁"，这里可以引申为“限制、禁锢”等;far-reaching与consequences连用，可译为"深远的影响”。

　　以上就是小编对2004年考研英语一翻译真题及答案解析内容的介绍，还有更多考研英语方面的知识可以关注好轻松考研英语真题频道。

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