如：I have lost my bag, which I like very much.

(3)关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。

5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，即介词后只能用which,不能用that.

如：The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.

注意：在下面几种情况下必须用 that引导定语从句。

(1) 先行词是不定代词something, nothing, anything，everything等,

如 ：All that we have to do is to practise English.

(2) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，

如：The first letter that I got from him will be kept in my case .

(3) 先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰 ，

如：I have eaten up all the food that you gave me .

(4) 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时,

如:H e is the only person that I want to talk with.

(5) 先行词既有人又有物时，

如:They talk about persons and things that they met .

(6) 当句中已有who时 ,为避免重复 ，

如 ：Who is the man that is giving us the class?

6. 由when, where, why引导的定语从句，

如: I don't know the reason why he was late.

This is the place where we have lived for 5 years.

I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time.

注意：先行词是表示地点时，如果从句的谓语动词是及物的，就用 that(which)，如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的，就用where引导。This is the house which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(where he has lived for 15 year.)

7、 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：

（1）限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有：who,whom,whose,which,of which等，这些关系代词都不可省。

（2） 非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句，不影响主句意思的完整性，一般用逗号将其与主句隔开，关系代词用which,不用that;指人时可用who.

Eg: I have two brothers, who both are both students.

8、 如何简化定于从句

（1） 定语从句简化为形容词或形容词短语作后置定语。

Eg:My grandfather lives in a village which is far away from here.

→My grandfather lives in a village far away from here.

(2) 定语从句简化为现在分词或现在分词短语作前置或后置定语。

Eg:The man who is standing under the tree is our English teacher.

→The man standing under the tree is our English teacher.

I saw the house that was burning（燃烧）at that time.

→ I saw the house burning at that time.

(3) 定语从句简化为过去分词短语作后置定语。

Eg:I like to eat the cakes which are made by my mother.

→I like to eat the cakes made by my mother.

(4) 定语从句简化为不定式作后置定语。

Eg:She is always the first person that comesto school .主动

→She is always the first person to come to school .

The report which will be given tomorrow is very importance for us.被动

→The report to be given tomorrow is very importance for us.

(5) 定语从句简化为what从句。

Eg:I couldn’t remember the words that he said .

I couldn’t remember what he said.

附加练习题：

1.The silk _______ ismade in Hangzhou sells well.

A. that B.who C. what D. /

2. The man_______today left this message for you.

A.called B.has called C.whom calledD.who called

3. Do you live near the building ______color is yellow?

A. that B.which C.whose D. its

4. He helped his father on the farm ______they lived.

A. which B.that C.when D. where

5. I’m one of the boys_____never late for school.

A.that is B.who is C.who are D.who am

6. All_____should be done has been done.

A.what B.which C.that D.whatever

7. Jack told me everything _______he knew about it.

A. what B.that C.which D.who

8. My father works in the factory ______this type of truck is made.

A.in where B.in which C.from which D.of which

9. The school_______we visited last week was built in 1956.

A./ B.where C.that D.both A and C

10. This is one of the best films_______I have ever seen.

A.which B.that C.of which D.of that

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