这些外科女医生，为什么选择进入“男科”？ |
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这些外科女医生，为什么选择进入“男科”？
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用微信扫码二维码 分享至好友和朋友圈 鲍露，今年夏天将会进入一家位于上海的著名三甲医院，担任胸外科住院医师。 在这个27岁的上海女生的家庭里，外婆是内科医生，母亲是牙医，舅舅是外科医生。 母亲曾建议她继承牙医之路，但这个从小乐于助人的女孩觉得，牙医做的通常是锦上添花，而她想做的，是雪中送炭。 “患者皮肤上的刀口缝线，就是一名外科医生的签名。每当我做出一个完美的缝合，我会非常有成就感。”他们还不能独立操作手术，但已常常在导师的指导下去关切口。 “The suture is said to be a surgeon’s signature. Each time I perform a perfect suture, it gives me a sense of high achievement.”刘立，39岁，上海中山医院泌尿外科肾肿瘤亚专科副主任。 她说她无比享受做手术的过程，“做起来非常丝滑，像是在做一件艺术品。” 她从小动手能力过人。“我小时候没事就杀个鸡杀个鱼去做解剖，觉得很有意思。我从没感到有什么血腥或害怕。宠物金丝熊死了，我也做解剖，去找死因。” "I really enjoy performing surgeries. I feel silky smooth throughout a surgical operation, and for me, performing surgeries is like making an artwork," said Liu Li, an associate chief surgeon of urology at Zhongshan Hospital in Shanghai. “I liked using fish and chickens to perform anatomy in childhood. It was a great experience, and I never felt a slice of scare.” “Even when my pet hamster died, I performed anatomy to determine the cause of death,” she said.
刘立在机器人手术中 她们是外科女医生。有心人不难发现，医院外科系统里的女医生数量在悄然上升。据中国医师协会外科医师分会2019年发布的报告，女性在外科医师中的占比约6%。 A report issued in 2019 by the surgical branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association said women accounted for 6 percent of surgeons nationwide.在上海瑞金医院，有超过10%的外科医生为女性，医生们认为这与医院以及城市文化开放有关。 另一种可能性 女医生的加入也为患者带来了不同的临床体验。 “做手术是门手艺活，女性的细致在这其中是一种优势。”鲍露说。“当然这也是一种性别刻板印象。” 多位医生都提到，女医生更能共情。医生的工作包含很多与患者的沟通，女医生往往更有耐心，更愿意做好解释工作。 在女性疾病科室，女医生的增加，也让看到男医生心里会咯噔一下的患者，不用再硬着头皮去看男医生。 殷文瑾，上海仁济医院乳腺外科主任医师。她说，患者会询问生活中有哪些因素会影响乳腺癌的恢复，或导致复发转移，而这些问题常常比较私密，比如涉及性生活，她们会觉得和女医生更有共同语言。 In some departments where nearly all the patients are women, female doctors are understandably needed more than males. Yin Wenjin, 40, a chief breast surgery doctor at Renji Hospital in Shanghai, said she often meets patients who tell her they are looking specifically for women doctors.“更多当代女性开始追求事业，从中获得精神满足，女医生也不例外。我们帮助延长乳腺癌患者的生命，提升生活质量，从而不断获得职业成就感。” “女性前辈的成功也会激励年轻一代，给她们人格引导。”殷文瑾说。 “More women nowadays have ambitious career plans, and this gives them spiritual satisfaction. Women doctors are no exception. During clinical practice, we aim to prolong patients’ survival chances and improve their quality of life, which gives us a sense of career achievement.” “The success of female role models also helps guide us in pursuing our goals,” Yin said.
殷文瑾录制健康科普节目 医生们提到，如今对外科医生的评价，除了临床技术，科研和教学水平也被提到了重要的地位，这也是包容更多女性加入外科的一个原因。同时，微创手术的大幅增加也是一个重要原因。过去，一台开放手术起码五小时打底，而微创把手术时间降低到一两个小时。 Several factors have contributed to the increased role played by women in medicine. Minimally invasive procedures now account for more than 90 percent of surgeries, significantly reducing their duration. Moreover, in addition to clinical skills, research and teaching capabilities become important in assessing a doctor's ability.“一谈到外科，大家首先想到的是体力。但我这么多年工作下来的体会是，无论医生的性别，手术久了都会累，更多的是靠意志力在咬牙坚持。”瑞金甲状腺外科主任医师匡洁说。 匡洁认为，性别差异不仅是在外科、在医院，而是在很多行业，都有模糊的趋势。“男性并不一定等同于强健体魄，也有男性从长相到性格都很文雅，而有些女性很干练、果断、独当一面。” Kuang Jie, chief thyroid surgeon at Ruijin Hospital, a prestigious medical institution in Shanghai, was the only woman enrolled in its general surgery department when she began her career 25 years ago. Over the years, Kuang has found that men’s physical strength, a common reason in many people’s minds for excluding women as surgeons, is often not that evident. “A male surgeon also feels exhausted after hours of surgery. Doctors battle such exhaustion with their perseverance regardless their gender.”
匡洁在手术中 其他国家有类似的趋势。 据报道，美国一知名高校近日发帖，其中包含今年新上任的外科医生的照片，13人中有12名女性。 鲍露曾去法国交换学习。在法国，大约一半外科医生是女性，且不少身居高位。 到目前，外科女医生仍然常常是国内行业会议里的个别，甚至有时候会被当成护士、工作人员。 而且，女性往往需要成为更优秀的那个，才会被看见。女医生会给自己施压。 “我们胸外科住院医师有五位，包含两位女生。导师最近说：‘跟手术最积极的是女生，男同学要加油啊。’”鲍露说。 从整个社会层面来说，女医生在婚育上付出的代价的确也高很多。 “但我认为‘事业与家庭的平衡’不应该是一个只针对女性的问题，这是一种冒犯，似乎社会默认男性可以完全不顾家庭与养育孩子。”鲍露说。 “However, I don't think the question of work-life balance should relate solely to women, and this is offensive. Men should not walk away from bringing up children.”外科女医生进入“男科” 刘立所在的泌尿外科，男女患者比例大约3:1。她选择这个科室，因为涉及的亚专科内容多，“杂食动物最不容易饿死”；也因为器械又多又前沿，“比如，膀胱镜、输尿管镜、肾镜，换镜子就像换枪一样，很有意思。” Some women doctors have entered fields where male patients significantly outnumber their female counterparts. Liu Li said she chose this field as it involves several bodily organs, and various types of medical devices are used. She believes these factors help provide her with a fulfilling career.刘立说，她从未觉得患者会把医生的性别作为选择医生的考虑因素。“经常有患者说，他们找到我，是因为查到了我关于肾癌研究的文章。就算我说，这个手术的预后不会太好，他们说没关系，我们查过了，你已经超过了理论上的生存期，我们很满意了。” Adept at kidney cancer surgeries, Liu said she never gets the impression from patients that gender is a factor when they look for the right doctor. "Many patients said they check a doctor's background, and that they have seen my papers on kidney cancer studies," she said. "Sometimes I have to tell them the prognosis is not that good, but many patients say they recognize my skills and capabilities and are happy to trust me," she added.虽然她的专长介绍里从没提过男性性功能障碍，但她在门诊中接诊这类患者的概率似乎高于男同事们。 “有些患者告诉我：‘我看只有你一位女医生，我想了解女医生的看法。’”
王阳贇在手术中 王阳贇，上海第五人民医院泌尿外科副主任医师、盆底及男科疾病诊疗中心主任。当被问及患者会不会觉得医生是另一种性别，没法对他们的疾病感同身受时，她的回答是“No”。 “就算是男医生，也不是人人都经历过阳痿、早泄。医生依靠专业知识和临床经验，而非个人经验。” Wang Yangyun, 37, an associate chief doctor of urology surgery at Shanghai No 5 People's Hospital and director of the hospital's pelvic floor dysfunction and andrology diseases medical center, said male patients have never declined to consult her because of her gender. “In cases where a male doctor himself has not experienced sexual dysfunction, he relies on his professional knowledge and clinical experience to help a patient.”
王阳贇在手术中 这个科室共有20多位医生，王阳贇是唯一的女性，而她拥有的国家专利也是科室之冠，58项。不少早已实现转化，在临床应用多年。 做一名每天接触男患者的女医生，是一种怎样的体验？王阳贇说，在她进入科室的第一天，导师就告诉她，医生眼里没有性别，只有器官和疾病，就把器官都当作一只手来看。 老同学知道她成了一名每天接触男患者的女医生，会感觉怪怪的吗？“没有，很正常。还经常碰到老同学说：‘来来来，我们私聊下。’” 记者：周文婷 编辑：左卓 照片均由受访者提供 应受访者要求，文中鲍露为化名 特别声明：以上内容(如有图片或视频亦包括在内)为自媒体平台“网易号”用户上传并发布，本平台仅提供信息存储服务。 Notice: The content above (including the pictures and videos if any) is uploaded and posted by a user of NetEase Hao, which is a social media platform and only provides information storage services. /阅读下一篇/ 返回网易首页 下载网易新闻客户端 |
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