XJTU 新闻英语阅读微课内容总结 |
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XJTU 新闻英语阅读微课内容总结
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本文内容整理自西安交通大学英语在线学习平台 文章目录 第一节为什么读新闻不同分类硬新闻与软新闻对比新闻的特点英国著名报纸美国著名报纸报纸封面 新闻标题特征例子 标题的修辞手法Lexical features of Headlines1.Abbreviations and acronyms2.Clipped Words3.Midget words Rhetorical features of headlines1.Parody 模仿2.Rhyme and alliteration 押韵和头韵3.Pun 双关语 LEADDefinitionCategoriesElements in News leadsRelationship between News headlines and leads 新闻结构为什么使用倒金字塔结构优点缺点总结(这个看看,记一下) 作文 第一节 为什么读新闻
最大的三个NBC,CBS,ABC
Abbreviation: A shortened form of a word or phrase Acronym: a word formed from the initial letters of a multi-word name 缩写：单词或短语的缩写形式 首字母缩略词：由一个多词名字的首字母组成的词 例子: IMF: International Monetary FundPM: Prime MinisterMP: Member of ParliamentOPEC: Organization of the Petroleum Exporting CountriesNATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization3 purposes For organizationsFor professions,careers or positionsFor familiar concepts-对于组织 -职业、职业或职位 -熟悉的概念 2.Clipped WordsClipped words are created by dropping one or more syllables from a word of several syllables 剪接词是从一个由几个音节组成的词中去掉一个或多个音节而产生的 Mag: magazineHi-tech: High Technology 3.Midget wordsMidget words are short and informal words,usually single-syllable words 小词是简短的非正式词，通常是单音节词 Rhetorical features of headlines标题的修辞特征 The Functions: Attracting the reader’s attention 吸引读者的注意力Summarizing the story 总结故事Helping the reader index the content of the page 帮助读者索引页面内容Depicting the mood of the story 描绘故事的情绪Helping set the tone of the story 帮助设定故事的基调Providing adequate typographic relief 排版轻松 1.Parody 模仿a work that imitates another work 模仿另一件作品的作品 2.Rhyme and alliteration 押韵和头韵Rhyme: repetition of similar sounds(or the same sound) in two or more words, most often in the final syllables of sentences Alliteration: use of several words together that begin with the same sound or letter 押韵：在两个或多个单词中重复相似的声音（或相同的声音），最常见的是在句子的最后一个音节 头韵：以相同的声音或字母开头的几个单词一起使用 3.Pun 双关语Pun: a word play,exploiting different meanings of the same word or a string of words, or similar-sounding words for humorous or rhetorical effect 双关：一种文字游戏，利用同一个词或一串词的不同含义，或发音相近的词来达到幽默或修辞效果 LEAD DefinitionThe opening paragraph or two of the story is called the ‘lead’. A lead paragraph is a mini-story 故事开头的一两段叫做“导语”。前导段落是一个小故事 Succinct 简洁 One-sentence,less than 25 words 一句话，不到25个字 Informative 信息性 main information: who,what 主要信息：谁，什么 Categories Hard News up to the minute news that are reported immediately 即时报道的最新消息politics,war,economic,crime 政治、战争、经济、犯罪In a hard news story,the lead should be a full summary of what is to follow. It should incorporate as many of the 5W’s of journalism(Who,what,when,where and why)as possible 在一个硬新闻故事中，导语应该是对接下来的内容的全面总结。它应该包含尽可能多的新闻业的5W（谁，什么，何时，何地，为什么） Soft News background information or human interested stories 背景信息或人类感兴趣的故事art,entertainment,love stories 艺术、娱乐、爱情故事In a soft news story,the lead should present the subject of the story in a somewhat literary manner to draw the reader in 在一个软新闻故事中，主角应该以一种文学的方式呈现故事的主题，以吸引读者 Elements in News leads6 elements: Who,what,when,why,where,how Relationship between News headlines and leads Headline is the brief conclusion of lead 标题是导语的简短结论Lead is an expanded detail of headline 导语是标题的扩展细节 新闻结构倒金字塔结构(inverted pyramid) 为什么使用倒金字塔结构
(第三点大意:美国内战时候用的,用的是电报,不稳定,所以要先把重要的发过去以防中断) 优点
Key words that could be used in interviews local media says…an official from … was quoted/cited as saying that…an authority from… reported/announced…weather experts say in a statement…According to local (traffic) police, … |
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