石墨因其卓越的热性能而成为电子设备和核工程中散热的关键材料。石墨的热膨胀和电导率一直是碳材料领域的主要科学参数。因此，该领域的理论和实验研究受到广泛关注。综述了石墨晶体的热膨胀系数和导热系数的研究进展。首先介绍了石墨热膨胀系数的理论和实验结果，然后讨论了石墨热导率的测量方法和石墨中特殊的声子散射机制。最后总结了石墨在热管理中的用途，并讨论了该领域的发展前景。

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Graphite serves as a key material for heat dissipation in electronic devices and nuclear engineering due to its remarkable thermal properties. The thermal expansion and conductivity of graphite have always been major scientific parameters in the field of carbon materials. Therefore, theoretical and experimental research in this area has received extensive attention. Research progress on the thermal expansion coefficient and thermal conductivity of graphite crystals is reviewed. Theoretical and experiment results on the thermal expansion coefficient of graphite are first introduced, followed by a discussion of the methods for measuring graphite thermal conductivity and the special phonon scattering mechanism in graphite. Finally, the uses of graphite in thermal management are summarized, and the development prospects in this field are discussed.