“最美天气”版本II |
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“最美天气”版本II
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抓取实时天气前需要首先获得所有地区的cityCode，因为在最后queryWeather的时候需要传递这个参数。 最美天气获取全部cityCode及cityName的方法： 1.获取34个省及直辖市的cityCode、cityName http://www.zuimeitianqi.com/zuimei/myCity form:flg=0 json:proviceList 2.根据proviceList里的cityCode和cityName获取各省及直辖市cityList http://www.zuimeitianqi.com/zuimei/getCity form:cityCode cityName json:cityList 3.根据cityList里的cityCode和cityName获取地级市cityList http://www.zuimeitianqi.com/zuimei/getCity form:cityCode cityName json:cityList
程序功能基本上实现了，第一次运行时缺少"zuimei_cities.db"需要抓取，会耗费比较长的时间。 再次运行的时候就非常的快了。博客好像不可以上传附件，就算了。 程序运行截图如下：
最后附上程序代码： import requests import pickle """ 利用“最美天气”抓取即时天气情况 @author [email protected] """ class ZuiMei(): def __init__(self): # Content-Type在这里非常关键，一定要设定 self.headers = { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/48.0.2564.82 Safari/537.36', 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8', 'Accept': 'application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01', 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate', 'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8' } self.zuimei_cities = {} try: # 判断zuimei_cities文件是否存在，不存在则初始化生成 with open('zuimei_cities.db', 'rb') as f: self.zuimei_cities = pickle.load(f) except FileNotFoundError: print('初始化中，请耐心等待程序运行...') with open('zuimei_cities.db', 'wb') as f: self.zuimei_cities = self.initial_cities() pickle.dump(self.zuimei_cities, f) print('初始化完成，可以正常使用了') def get_city(self, cityCode, cityName): """ 返回省市下级区县城市列表 """ city_url = "http://www.zuimeitianqi.com/zuimei/getCity" req_data = {} req_data['cityCode'] = cityCode req_data['cityName'] = cityName r = requests.post(city_url, data=req_data, headers=self.headers) my_cities = r.json() return my_cities['cityList'] def query_weather(self, cityCode): """ 返回当前区域的天气字典 actual 实时天气 forecast 预报 air 空气情况 """ weather_url = "http://www.zuimeitianqi.com/zuimei/queryWeather" req_data = {} req_data['cityCode'] = cityCode r = requests.post(weather_url, data=req_data, headers=self.headers) current_weather = r.json() return current_weather['data'][0] def my_city(self): """ 返回省、直辖市列表 """ province_url = "http://www.zuimeitianqi.com/zuimei/myCity" req_data = {"flg": "0"} r = requests.post(province_url, data=req_data, headers=self.headers) my_cities = r.json() return my_cities['provinceList'] def initial_cities(self): """ 初始化生成cityName：cityCode字典 """ zuimei_cities = {} # 获取省市直辖市 provinces = self.my_city() for province in provinces: cityCode = province['cityCode'] cityName = province['cityName'] # 获取地级市 cities = self.get_city(cityCode, cityName) for each_city in cities: cityCode = each_city['cityCode'] cityName = each_city['cityName'] # 获取县级地区 counties = self.get_city(cityCode, cityName) for each_county in counties: cityCode = each_county['cityCode'] cityName = each_county['cityName'] zuimei_cities[cityName] = [cityCode] return zuimei_cities def query(self, cityName): """ 根据用户输入的cityName，获得实时的天气 """ if cityName not in self.zuimei_cities: print('地区不存在，请检查输入') else: cityCode = self.zuimei_cities[cityName] weather = self.query_weather(cityCode) actual = weather['actual'] print('%s: %s℃～%s℃ %s' % (cityName, actual['high'], actual['low'], actual['desc'])) if __name__ == '__main__': zuimei = ZuiMei() zuimei.query('香港')
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