智能响应包装可根据食品或环境中的刺激提供信息反馈或控制抗菌剂等活性物质的释放，以确保食品安全。本文综述了信息响应式和智能控释两类智能包装，重点介绍了以酶、pH、相对湿度、温度和光为触发因素的智能控释抗菌包装的最新研究进展。还总结了不同食品类别的应用现状、挑战和未来前景。智能控释技术旨在通过传感刺激，使活性物质的释放与食品保鲜需求同步，从而优化抗菌效果，保证食品质量，是一项创新且具有挑战性的包装技术。该论文旨在为食品中响应式智能包装和控释包装应用的研究和产业化发展提供参考。

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Intelligent responsive packaging provides informative feedback or control the release of active substances like antimicrobial agents in response to stimuli in food or the environment to ensure food safety. This paper provides an overview of two types of intelligent packaging, information-responsive and intelligent controlled-release, focusing on the recent research progress of intelligent controlled-release antimicrobial packaging with enzyme, pH, relative humidity, temperature, and light as triggering factors. It also summarizes the current status of application in different food categories, as well as the challenges and future prospects. Intelligent controlled-release technology aims to optimize the antimicrobial effect and ensure the quality of food products by synchronizing the release of active substances with food preservation needs through sensing stimuli, which is an innovative and challenging packaging technology. The paper seeks to provide a reference for the research and industrial development of responsive intelligent packaging and controlled-release packaging applications in food.