Abstract: Bacterial antibiotic resistance has been recognized as an important threat to public health by the World Health Organization. Besides the direct selection pressure of antibiotics, bacterial antibiotic resistance is also affected by some other substances such as heavy metals and biocides. It has been found that the mechanisms of bacterial resistance include efflux pump system, change of cell membrane permeability, change of target sites, modification or degradation of enzymes, change of physiological characteristics by stress response, metal chelation and biotransformation. And multiple resistance could be produced by synergistic, cross-resistance and co-regulation of resistance. In this paper, we summarized the single and multiple resistance mechanisms of bacteria to antibiotics, heavy metals and biocides, and the influence mechanism of heavy metals and biocides on bacterial antibiotic resistance. The short of current researches were also addressed.