Python获取系统及硬件信息（CPU、内存、硬盘、网络等），支持多平台 Windows、Linux |
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即可获取windows系统及硬件信息
又可获取linux系统及硬件信息
一站式，全平台！ 文章底部直接贴完整代码，先上介绍和函数说明 system-info基于python3的linux和windows系统信息api linux and windows system information api Github: https://github.com/Pure-Peace/system-info based on: python3.8（基本python3以上即可）所有api均支持linux和windows All apis support linux and windows api列表： CpuConstants ExecShellUnix GetBootTime GetCpuConstants GetCpuInfo GetDiskInfo GetDiskInfoUnix GetDiskInfoWindows GetErrorInfo GetFullSystemData GetIoRead GetIoReadWrite GetIoWrite GetLoadAverage GetMemInfo GetMemInfoUnix GetMemInfoWindows GetNetWork GetRegValue GetSystemInfo GetSystemVersion GetSystemVersionUnix GetSystemVersionWindows ToSizeInt ToSizeString UNIX cpuConstants md5 readFile api说明： 当前系统网络使用情况：上传下载速率，收发包 GetNetWork() both { 'up': 1.54, 'down': 0.37, 'upTotal': 87688289, 'downTotal': 336439316, 'downPackets': 397399, 'upPackets': 262468 } 当前系统磁盘IO情况：IO读写 GetIoReadWrite() both {'write': 1003332, 'read': 1466368} 当前系统CPU常量 GetCpuConstants() windows {'cpu_count': 1, 'cpu_name': 'AMD Ryzen 5 2500U with Radeon Vega Mobile Gfx ', 'cpu_core': 4, 'cpu_threads': 8} linux {'cpu_count': 1, 'cpu_name': 'Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8269CY CPU @ 2.50GHz', 'cpu_core': 1, 'cpu_threads': 1} 当前系统CPU信息、使用率 GetCpuInfo() windows { 'used': 17.2, 'used_list': [23.8, 12.2, 19.6, 10.2, 20.3, 6.2, 12.6, 30.3], 'cpu_count': 1, 'cpu_name': 'AMD Ryzen 5 2500U with Radeon Vega Mobile Gfx ', 'cpu_core': 4, 'cpu_threads': 8 } linux { 'used': 2.0, 'used_list': [3.4], 'cpu_count': 1, 'cpu_name': 'Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8269CY CPU @ 2.50GHz', 'cpu_core': 1, 'cpu_threads': 1 } 当前系统负载信息 GetLoadAverage() windows { 'one': 0, 'five': 0, 'fifteen': 0, 'max': 16, 'limit': 16, 'safe': 12.0 } linux { 'one': 0.46, 'five': 0.18, 'fifteen': 0.14, 'max': 2, 'limit': 2, 'safe': 1.5 } 当前系统内存使用情况（linux比windows多了cached和buffers） GetMemInfo() windows { 'memTotal': 7069, 'memFree': 1202, 'memRealUsed': 5866, 'menUsedPercent': '82.98' } linux { 'memTotal': 1838, 'memFree': 181, 'memBuffers': 25, 'memCached': 448, 'memRealUsed': 1184, 'memUsedPercent': 64.41784548422198 } 当前系统磁盘信息 GetDiskInfo() windows [{'path': 'C:/', 'size': {'total': 85899341824, 'used': 84512485376, 'free': 1386856448, 'percent': 98.4}, 'fstype': 'NTFS', 'inodes': False}, {'path': 'D:/', 'size': {'total': 413524815872, 'used': 367597920256, 'free': 45926895616, 'percent': 88.9}, 'fstype': 'NTFS', 'inodes': False}] linux [{ 'path': '/', 'size': ['50G', '16G', '32G', '33%'], 'inodes': ['3276800', '261498', '3015302', '8%'] }] 获取系统注册表信息（仅windows可用） GetRegValue(key: str, subkey: str, value: str) ''' 获取系统注册表信息 Parameters ---------- key : str 类型. subkey : str 路径. value : str key. Returns ------- value : Any DESCRIPTION. ''' 获取系统版本信息 GetSystemVersion() windows Windows 10 Home China (build 18362) x64 (Py3.8.5) linux CentOS 7.6.1810(Py 3.8.5) 获取系统启动时间及运行时间 GetBootTime() both {'timestamp': 1597574445.835271, 'runtime': 33396.16829442978, 'datetime': '2020-08-17 03:57:22'} 获取全部系统信息 GetFullSystemData() windows { 'cpu': { 'used': 16.0, 'used_list': [29.0, 16.4, 30.5, 13.9, 28.1, 16.8, 24.0, 26.7], 'cpu_count': 1, 'cpu_name': 'AMD Ryzen 5 2500U with Radeon Vega Mobile Gfx ', 'cpu_core': 4, 'cpu_threads': 8 }, 'load': { 'one': 0, 'five': 0, 'fifteen': 0, 'max': 16, 'limit': 16, 'safe': 12.0 }, 'mem': { 'memTotal': 7069, 'memFree': 1181, 'memRealUsed': 5888, 'menUsedPercent': '83.29' }, 'disk': [{ 'path': 'C:/', 'size': { 'total': 85899341824, 'used': 84515794944, 'free': 1383546880, 'percent': 98.4 }, 'fstype': 'NTFS', 'inodes': False }, { 'path': 'D:/', 'size': { 'total': 413524815872, 'used': 367597862912, 'free': 45926952960, 'percent': 88.9 }, 'fstype': 'NTFS', 'inodes': False }], 'network': { 'up': 1.84, 'down': 2.69, 'upTotal': 92363508, 'downTotal': 342344006, 'downPackets': 409006, 'upPackets': 271275 }, 'io': { 'write': 1277171, 'read': 38696960 }, 'boot': { 'timestamp': 1597574445.966399, 'runtime': 34064.19006037712, 'datetime': '2020-08-17 04:08:30' }, 'time': 1597608510.1564593 } linux { 'cpu': { 'used': 6.0, 'used_list': [3.4], 'cpu_count': 1, 'cpu_name': 'Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8269CY CPU @ 2.50GHz', 'cpu_core': 1, 'cpu_threads': 1 }, 'load': { 'one': 0.59, 'five': 0.49, 'fifteen': 0.28, 'max': 2, 'limit': 2, 'safe': 1.5 }, 'mem': { 'memTotal': 1838, 'memFree': 180, 'memBuffers': 26, 'memCached': 448, 'memRealUsed': 1184, 'memUsedPercent': 64.41784548422198 }, 'disk': [{ 'path': '/', 'size': ['50G', '16G', '32G', '33%'], 'inodes': ['3276800', '261498', '3015302', '8%'] }], 'network': { 'up': 0.0, 'down': 0.0, 'upTotal': 606720149, 'downTotal': 479946863, 'downPackets': 1431369, 'upPackets': 1305962 }, 'io': { 'write': 0, 'read': 0 }, 'boot': { 'timestamp': 1597435339.0, 'runtime': 175312.03097391129, 'datetime': '2020-08-17 04:44:11' }, 'time': 1597610651.0309963 } Author Pure-Peace 代码 systemInfo.py # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- ''' @name: 系统信息 / SystemInfo @author: PurePeace @time: 2020年8月17日 @version: 0.1 ''' from typing import List, Dict, Any import os import time import psutil import platform import hashlib import re import sys from cachelib import SimpleCache cache = SimpleCache() UNIX: bool = os.name == 'posix' SYS: str = platform.system() class CpuConstants: def __init__(self): ''' 初始化CPU常量（多平台） Returns ------- self. ''' self.WMI = None self.initialed: bool = False self.cpuList: list = [] # windows only self.cpuCount: int = 0 # 物理cpu数量 self.cpuCore: int = 0 # cpu物理核心数 self.cpuThreads: int = 0 # cpu逻辑核心数 self.cpuName: str = '' # cpu型号 self.Update(True) def Update(self, update: bool = False) -> None: ''' 更新cpu数据 Returns ------- None. ''' if UNIX: self.GetCpuConstantsUnix(update) else: self.GetCpuConstantsWindows(update) self.initialed: bool = True @property def getDict(self) -> Dict[int, str]: ''' 以字典格式获取当前cpu常量 Returns ------- Dict[int, str] DESCRIPTION. ''' if not self.initialed: self.Update() return { 'cpu_count': self.cpuCount, 'cpu_name': self.cpuName, 'cpu_core': self.cpuCore, 'cpu_threads': self.cpuThreads } def GetCpuConstantsUnix(self, update: bool = False) -> None: ''' 获取unix下的cpu信息 Parameters ---------- update : bool, optional DESCRIPTION. The default is False. Returns ------- None DESCRIPTION. ''' if update or not self.initialed: ids: list = re.findall("physical id.+", readFile('/proc/cpuinfo')) # 物理cpu个数 self.cpuCount: int = len(set(ids)) # cpu型号（名称） self.cpuName: str = self.getCpuTypeUnix() self.GetCpuConstantsBoth() def InitWmi(self) -> None: ''' 初始化wmi（for windows） Returns ------- None DESCRIPTION. ''' import wmi self.WMI = wmi.WMI() def GetCpuConstantsBoth(self, update: bool = False) -> None: ''' 获取多平台共用的cpu信息 Parameters ---------- update : bool, optional 强制更新数据. The default is False. Returns ------- None DESCRIPTION. ''' if update or not self.initialed: # cpu逻辑核心数 self.cpuThreads: int = psutil.cpu_count() # cpu物理核心数 self.cpuCore: int = psutil.cpu_count(logical=False) def GetCpuConstantsWindows(self, update: bool = False) -> None: ''' 获取windows平台的cpu信息 Parameters ---------- update : bool, optional 强制更新数据. The default is False. Returns ------- None DESCRIPTION. ''' if update or not self.initialed: # 初始化wmi if self.WMI == None: self.InitWmi() # cpu列表 self.cpuList: list = self.WMI.Win32_Processor() # 物理cpu个数 self.cpuCount: int = len(self.cpuList) # cpu型号（名称） self.cpuName: str = self.cpuList[0].Name self.GetCpuConstantsBoth() @staticmethod def getCpuTypeUnix() -> str: ''' 获取CPU型号（unix） Returns ------- str CPU型号. ''' cpuinfo: str = readFile('/proc/cpuinfo') rep: str = 'model\s+name\s+:\s+(.+)' tmp = re.search(rep,cpuinfo,re.I) cpuType: str = '' if tmp: cpuType: str = tmp.groups()[0] else: cpuinfo = ExecShellUnix('LANG="en_US.UTF-8" && lscpu')[0] rep = 'Model\s+name:\s+(.+)' tmp = re.search(rep,cpuinfo,re.I) if tmp: cpuType = tmp.groups()[0] return cpuType def GetCpuInfo(interval: int = 1) -> Dict[str, Any]: ''' 获取CPU信息 Parameters ---------- interval : int, optional DESCRIPTION. The default is 1. Returns ------- Dict[float, list, dict] DESCRIPTION. ''' time.sleep(0.5) # cpu总使用率 used: float = psutil.cpu_percent(interval) # 每个逻辑cpu使用率 usedList: List[float] = psutil.cpu_percent(percpu=True) return {'used': used, 'used_list': usedList, **cpuConstants.getDict} def readFile(filename: str) -> str: ''' 读取文件内容 Parameters ---------- filename : str 文件名. Returns ------- str 文件内容. ''' try: with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file: return file.read() except: pass return '' def GetLoadAverage() -> dict: ''' 获取服务器负载状态（多平台） Returns ------- dict DESCRIPTION. ''' try: c: list = os.getloadavg() except: c: list = [0,0,0] data: dict = {i: c[idx] for idx, i in enumerate(('one', 'five', 'fifteen'))} data['max'] = psutil.cpu_count() * 2 data['limit'] = data['max'] data['safe'] = data['max'] * 0.75 return data def GetMemInfo() -> dict: ''' 获取内存信息（多平台） Returns ------- dict DESCRIPTION. ''' if UNIX: return GetMemInfoUnix() return GetMemInfoWindows() def GetMemInfoUnix() -> Dict[str, int]: ''' 获取内存信息（unix） Returns ------- dict DESCRIPTION. ''' mem = psutil.virtual_memory() memInfo: dict = { 'memTotal': ToSizeInt(mem.total, 'MB'), 'memFree': ToSizeInt(mem.free, 'MB'), 'memBuffers': ToSizeInt(mem.buffers, 'MB'), 'memCached': ToSizeInt(mem.cached, 'MB'), } memInfo['memRealUsed'] = \ memInfo['memTotal'] - \ memInfo['memFree'] - \ memInfo['memBuffers'] - \ memInfo['memCached'] memInfo['memUsedPercent'] = memInfo['memRealUsed'] / memInfo['memTotal'] * 100 return memInfo def GetMemInfoWindows() -> dict: ''' 获取内存信息（windows） Returns ------- dict DESCRIPTION. ''' mem = psutil.virtual_memory() memInfo: dict = { 'memTotal': ToSizeInt(mem.total, 'MB'), 'memFree': ToSizeInt(mem.free, 'MB'), 'memRealUsed': ToSizeInt(mem.used, 'MB'), 'menUsedPercent': mem.used / mem.total * 100 } return memInfo def ToSizeInt(byte: int, target: str) -> int: ''' 将字节大小转换为目标单位的大小 Parameters ---------- byte : int int格式的字节大小（bytes size） target : str 目标单位，str. Returns ------- int 转换为目标单位后的字节大小. ''' return int(byte/1024**(('KB','MB','GB','TB').index(target) + 1)) def ToSizeString(byte: int) -> str: ''' 获取字节大小字符串 Parameters ---------- byte : int int格式的字节大小（bytes size）. Returns ------- str 自动转换后的大小字符串，如：6.90 GB. ''' units: tuple = ('b','KB','MB','GB','TB') re = lambda: '{:.2f} {}'.format(byte, u) for u in units: if byte list: ''' 获取磁盘信息（多平台） Returns ------- list 列表. ''' try: if UNIX: return GetDiskInfoUnix() return GetDiskInfoWindows() except Exception as err: print('获取磁盘信息异常（unix: {}）：'.format(UNIX), err) return [] def GetDiskInfoWindows() -> list: ''' 获取磁盘信息Windows Returns ------- diskInfo : list 列表. ''' diskIo: list = psutil.disk_partitions() diskInfo: list = [] for disk in diskIo: tmp: dict = {} try: tmp['path'] = disk.mountpoint.replace("\\","/") usage = psutil.disk_usage(disk.mountpoint) tmp['size'] = { 'total': usage.total, 'used': usage.used, 'free': usage.free, 'percent': usage.percent } tmp['fstype'] = disk.fstype tmp['inodes'] = False diskInfo.append(tmp) except: pass return diskInfo def GetDiskInfoUnix() -> list: ''' 获取硬盘分区信息（unix） Returns ------- list DESCRIPTION. ''' temp: list = ( ExecShellUnix("df -h -P|grep '/'|grep -v tmpfs")[0]).split('\n') tempInodes: list = ( ExecShellUnix("df -i -P|grep '/'|grep -v tmpfs")[0]).split('\n') diskInfo: list = [] n: int = 0 cuts: list = [ '/mnt/cdrom', '/boot', '/boot/efi', '/dev', '/dev/shm', '/run/lock', '/run', '/run/shm', '/run/user' ] for tmp in temp: n += 1 try: inodes: list = tempInodes[n-1].split() disk: list = tmp.split() if len(disk) 10: continue if disk[5] in cuts: continue if disk[5].find('docker') != -1: continue arr = {} arr['path'] = disk[5] tmp1 = [disk[1],disk[2],disk[3],disk[4]] arr['size'] = tmp1 arr['inodes'] = [inodes[1],inodes[2],inodes[3],inodes[4]] diskInfo.append(arr) except Exception as ex: print('信息获取错误：', str(ex)) continue return diskInfo def md5(strings: str) -> str: ''' 生成md5 Parameters ---------- strings : TYPE 要进行hash处理的字符串 Returns ------- str[32] hash后的字符串. ''' m = hashlib.md5() m.update(strings.encode('utf-8')) return m.hexdigest() def GetErrorInfo() -> str: ''' 获取traceback中的错误 Returns ------- str DESCRIPTION. ''' import traceback errorMsg = traceback.format_exc() return errorMsg def ExecShellUnix(cmdstring: str, shell=True): ''' 执行Shell命令（Unix） Parameters ---------- cmdstring : str DESCRIPTION. shell : TYPE, optional DESCRIPTION. The default is True. Returns ------- a : TYPE DESCRIPTION. e : TYPE DESCRIPTION. ''' a: str = '' e: str = '' import subprocess,tempfile try: rx: str = md5(cmdstring) succ_f = tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile( max_size = 4096, mode = 'wb+', suffix = '_succ', prefix = 'btex_' + rx , dir = '/dev/shm' ) err_f = tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile( max_size = 4096, mode = 'wb+', suffix = '_err', prefix = 'btex_' + rx , dir = '/dev/shm' ) sub = subprocess.Popen( cmdstring, close_fds = True, shell = shell, bufsize = 128, stdout = succ_f, stderr = err_f ) sub.wait() err_f.seek(0) succ_f.seek(0) a = succ_f.read() e = err_f.read() if not err_f.closed: err_f.close() if not succ_f.closed: succ_f.close() except Exception as err: print(err) try: if type(a) == bytes: a = a.decode('utf-8') if type(e) == bytes: e = e.decode('utf-8') except Exception as err: print(err) return a,e def GetNetWork() -> dict: ''' 获取系统网络信息 Returns ------- dict DESCRIPTION. ''' networkIo: list = [0,0,0,0] cache_timeout: int = 86400 try: networkIo = psutil.net_io_counters()[:4] except: pass otime = cache.get("otime") if not otime: otime = time.time() cache.set('up',networkIo[0],cache_timeout) cache.set('down',networkIo[1],cache_timeout) cache.set('otime',otime ,cache_timeout) ntime = time.time() networkInfo: dict = {'up': 0, 'down': 0} networkInfo['upTotal'] = networkIo[0] networkInfo['downTotal'] = networkIo[1] try: networkInfo['up'] = round( float(networkIo[0] - cache.get("up")) / 1024 / (ntime - otime), 2 ) networkInfo['down'] = round( float(networkIo[1] - cache.get("down")) / 1024 / (ntime - otime), 2 ) except: pass networkInfo['downPackets'] = networkIo[3] networkInfo['upPackets'] = networkIo[2] cache.set('up',networkIo[0],cache_timeout) cache.set('down',networkIo[1],cache_timeout) cache.set('otime', time.time(),cache_timeout) return networkInfo def GetSystemInfo() -> dict: systemInfo: dict = {} systemInfo['cpu'] = GetCpuInfo() systemInfo['load'] = GetLoadAverage() systemInfo['mem'] = GetMemInfo() systemInfo['disk'] = GetDiskInfo() return systemInfo def GetIoReadWrite() -> Dict[str, int]: ''' 获取系统IO读写 Returns ------- dict DESCRIPTION. ''' ioDisk = psutil.disk_io_counters() ioTotal: dict = {} ioTotal['write'] = GetIoWrite(ioDisk.write_bytes) ioTotal['read'] = GetIoRead(ioDisk.read_bytes) return ioTotal def GetIoWrite(ioWrite: int) -> int: ''' 获取IO写 Parameters ---------- ioWrite : TYPE DESCRIPTION. Returns ------- int DESCRIPTION. ''' diskWrite: int = 0 oldWrite: int = cache.get('io_write') if not oldWrite: cache.set('io_write', ioWrite) return diskWrite; oldTime: float = cache.get('io_time') newTime: float = time.time() if not oldTime: oldTime = newTime ioEnd: int = (ioWrite - oldWrite) timeEnd: float = (time.time() - oldTime) if ioEnd > 0: if timeEnd 0: return int(diskWrite) return 0 def GetIoRead(ioRead): ''' 读取IO读 Parameters ---------- ioRead : TYPE DESCRIPTION. Returns ------- TYPE DESCRIPTION. ''' diskRead: int = 0 oldRead: int = cache.get('io_read') if not oldRead: cache.set('io_read',ioRead) return diskRead; oldTime: float = cache.get('io_time') newTime: float = time.time() if not oldTime: oldTime = newTime ioEnd: int = (ioRead - oldRead) timeEnd: float = (time.time() - oldTime) if ioEnd > 0: if timeEnd 0: return int(diskRead) return 0 def GetRegValue(key: str, subkey: str, value: str) -> Any: ''' 获取系统注册表信息 Parameters ---------- key : str 类型. subkey : str 路径. value : str key. Returns ------- value : Any DESCRIPTION. ''' import winreg key = getattr(winreg, key) handle = winreg.OpenKey(key, subkey) (value, type) = winreg.QueryValueEx(handle, value) return value def GetSystemVersion() -> str: ''' 获取操作系统版本（多平台） Returns ------- str DESCRIPTION. ''' if UNIX: return GetSystemVersionUnix() return GetSystemVersionWindows() def GetSystemVersionWindows() -> str: ''' 获取操作系统版本（windows） Returns ------- str DESCRIPTION. ''' try: import platform bit: str = 'x86'; if 'PROGRAMFILES(X86)' in os.environ: bit = 'x64' def get(key: str): return GetRegValue( "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE", "SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion", key ) osName = get('ProductName') build = get('CurrentBuildNumber') version: str = '{} (build {}) {} (Py{})'.format( osName, build, bit, platform.python_version()) return version except Exception as ex: print('获取系统版本失败，错误：' + str(ex)) return '未知系统版本.' def GetSystemVersionUnix() -> str: ''' 获取系统版本（unix） Returns ------- str 系统版本. ''' try: version: str = readFile('/etc/redhat-release') if not version: version = readFile( '/etc/issue' ).strip().split("\n")[0].replace('\\n','').replace('\l','').strip() else: version = version.replace( 'release ','' ).replace('Linux','').replace('(Core)','').strip() v = sys.version_info return version + '(Py {}.{}.{})'.format(v.major, v.minor, v.micro) except Exception as err: print('获取系统版本失败，错误：', err) return '未知系统版本.' def GetBootTime() -> dict: ''' 获取当前系统启动时间 Returns ------- dict DESCRIPTION. ''' bootTime: float = psutil.boot_time() return { 'timestamp': bootTime, 'runtime': time.time() - bootTime, 'datetime': time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime()) } def GetCpuConstants() -> dict: ''' 获取CPU常量信息 Parameters ---------- cpuConstants : CpuConstants DESCRIPTION. Returns ------- dict DESCRIPTION. ''' return cpuConstants.getDict def GetFullSystemData() -> dict: ''' 获取完全的系统信息 Returns ------- dict DESCRIPTION. ''' systemData: dict = { **GetSystemInfo(), 'network': { **GetNetWork() }, 'io': { **GetIoReadWrite() }, 'boot': { **GetBootTime() }, 'time': time.time() } return systemData cpuConstants = CpuConstants() if __name__ == '__main__': print(GetFullSystemData()) print(GetCpuConstants()) print(GetSystemInfo()) print(GetNetWork()) print(GetIoReadWrite())！！！ |
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