【示例】SpringBoot 前后端数据加密和解密

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【示例】SpringBoot 前后端数据加密和解密

2023-12-14 18:03| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

一、前言（1）基础与环境要求 Spring Boot 2.2.6; JDK8+; Vue + axios; 二、后端（1）加密+解密接口源码 public interface SecretProcess { /** *

数据加密

* @param data 待加密数据 * @return String 加密结果 */ String encrypt(String data) ; /** *

数据解密

* @param data 待解密数据 * @return String 解密后的数据 */ String decrypt(String data) ; /** *

加密算法格式：算法[/模式/填充]

* @return String */ String getAlgorithm() ; // 对数据进行16进制转换 public static class Hex { private static final char[] HEX = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' }; public static byte[] decode(CharSequence s) { int nChars = s.length(); if (nChars % 2 != 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("16进制数据错误"); } byte[] result = new byte[nChars / 2]; for (int i = 0; i < nChars; i += 2) { int msb = Character.digit(s.charAt(i), 16); int lsb = Character.digit(s.charAt(i + 1), 16); if (msb < 0 || lsb < 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Detected a Non-hex character at " + (i + 1) + " or " + (i + 2) + " position"); } result[i / 2] = (byte) ((msb >> 4]).append(HEX[buf[i] & 0x0F]) ; } return sb.toString() ; } } } （2）实现类

加密+解密接口抽象类

public abstract class AbstractSecretProcess implements SecretProcess { @Resource private SecretProperties props ; @Override public String decrypt(String data) { try { Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(getAlgorithm()) ; cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, keySpec()) ; byte[] decryptBytes = cipher.doFinal(Hex.decode(data)) ; return new String(decryptBytes) ; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e) ; } } @Override public String encrypt(String data) { try { Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(getAlgorithm()) ; cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, keySpec()) ; return Hex.encode(cipher.doFinal(data.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")))) ; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e) ; } } /** *

根据密钥生成不同的密钥材料

目前支持：AES, DES

* @param secretKey 密钥 * @param algorithm 算法 * @return Key */ public Key getKeySpec(String algorithm) { if (algorithm == null || algorithm.trim().length() == 0) { return null ; } String secretKey = props.getKey() ; switch (algorithm.toUpperCase()) { case "AES": return new SecretKeySpec(secretKey.getBytes(), "AES") ; case "DES": Key key = null ; try { DESKeySpec desKeySpec = new DESKeySpec(secretKey.getBytes()) ; SecretKeyFactory secretKeyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("DES") ; key = secretKeyFactory.generateSecret(desKeySpec); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e) ; } return key ; default: return null ; } } /** *

生成密钥材料

* @return Key 密钥材料 */ public abstract Key keySpec() ; } （3）具体加密算法-实现类 public class AESAlgorithm extends AbstractSecretProcess { @Override public String getAlgorithm() { return "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding"; } @Override public Key keySpec() { return this.getKeySpec("AES") ; } } （4）加密属性配置类 @Configuration public class SecretConfig { @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean(SecretProcess.class) public SecretProcess secretProcess() { return new AESAlgorithm() ; } @Component @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "secret") public static class SecretProperties { private Boolean enabled ; private String key ; public Boolean getEnabled() { return enabled; } public void setEnabled(Boolean enabled) { this.enabled = enabled; } public String getKey() { return key; } public void setKey(String key) { this.key = key; } } } （5）application.yml 配置 secret: key: aaaabbbbccccdddd #密钥 enabled: true #是否开启加解密功能（6）自定义注解

① 注解类

@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE}) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Mapping @Documented public @interface SIProtection { }

② 控制类

@ControllerAdvice @ConditionalOnProperty(name = "secret.enabled", havingValue = "true") public class DecryptRequestBodyAdvice extends RequestBodyAdviceAdapter { @Resource private SecretProcess secretProcess ; @Override public boolean supports(MethodParameter methodParameter, Type targetType, Class> converterType) { return methodParameter.getMethod().isAnnotationPresent(SIProtection.class) || methodParameter.getMethod().getDeclaringClass().isAnnotationPresent(SIProtection.class) ; } @Override public HttpInputMessage beforeBodyRead(HttpInputMessage inputMessage, MethodParameter parameter, Type targetType, Class> converterType) throws IOException { String body = secretProcess.decrypt(inToString(inputMessage.getBody())) ; return new HttpInputMessage() { @Override public HttpHeaders getHeaders() { return inputMessage.getHeaders(); } @Override public InputStream getBody() throws IOException { return new ByteArrayInputStream(body.getBytes()) ; } } ; } private String inToString(InputStream is) { byte[] buf = new byte[10 * 1024] ; int leng = -1 ; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder() ; try { while ((leng = is.read(buf)) != -1) { sb.append(new String(buf, 0, leng)) ; } return sb.toString() ; } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e) ; } } }

注意：@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "secret.enabled", havingValue = "true")注解，只有开启了加解密功能才会生效。

（7）对响应内容进行加密返回 @ControllerAdvice @ConditionalOnProperty(name = "secret.enabled", havingValue = "true") public class EncryptResponseBodyAdvice implements ResponseBodyAdvice { @Resource private SecretProcess secretProcess ; @Override public boolean supports(MethodParameter returnType, Class> converterType) { return returnType.getMethod().isAnnotationPresent(SIProtection.class) || returnType.getMethod().getDeclaringClass().isAnnotationPresent(SIProtection.class) ; } @Override public Object beforeBodyWrite(Object body, MethodParameter returnType, MediaType selectedContentType, Class> selectedConverterType, ServerHttpRequest request, ServerHttpResponse response) { if (body == null) { return body ; } try { String jsonStr = new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(body) ; return secretProcess.encrypt(jsonStr) ; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e) ; } } } （8）测试 // 第一种：对指定方法进行响应数据加密处理 @PostMapping("/save") @SIProtection // 这对具体方法进行加解密 public R save(@RequestBody Users users) { return R.success(usersService.save(users)) ; } // 第二种：对整个controller的所有方法进行响应数据加密处理 @RestController @RequestMapping("/users") @SIProtection // 对该Controller中的所有方法进行加解密处理 public class UsersController { } 三、前端（1）引入Crypto.js

① 官网：github.com/brix/crypto… ② 教程：www.cnblogs.com/kingwangzhe…

（2）加解密方法 /** * 加密方法 * @param data 待加密数据 * @returns {string|*} */ encrypt (data) { let key = CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(Consts.Secret.key) if (typeof data === 'object') { data = JSON.stringify(data) } let plainText = CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(data) let secretText = CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(plainText, key, {mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB, padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7}).ciphertext.toString() return secretText }, /** * 解密数据 * @param data 待解密数据 */ decrypt (data) { let key = CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(Consts.Secret.key) let secretText = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(data) let encryptedBase64Str = CryptoJS.enc.Base64.stringify(secretText) let result = CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(encryptedBase64Str, key, {mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB, padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7}).toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8) return JSON.parse(result) } （3）配置 let Consts = { Secret: { key: 'aaaabbbbccccdddd', // 必须16位（前后端要一致，密钥） urls: ['/users/save'] } } export default Consts

注意：这里的urls表示对那些请求进行拦截出来（加解密），这里也可以配置 "*" 表示对所有的请求出来。axios 请求前和响应后对数据进行加解密出来，发送前：

// 请求前，加解密 axios.interceptors.request.use((config) => { let uri = config.url if (uri.includes('?')) { uri = uri.substring(0, uri.indexOf('?')) } if (window.cfg.enableSecret === '1' && config.data && (Consts.Secret.urls.indexOf('*') > -1 || Consts.Secret.urls.indexOf(uri) > -1)) { let data = config.data let secretText = Utils.Secret.encrypt(data) config.data = secretText } return config }, (error) => { let errorMessage = '请求失败' store.dispatch(types.G_SHOW_ALERT, {title: '请求失败', content: errorMessage, showDetail: false, detailContent: String(error)}) return Promise.reject(error) }) // 响应后，加解密 axios.interceptors.response.use((response) => { let uri = response.config.url if (uri.includes('?')) { uri = uri.substring(0, uri.indexOf('?')) } if (window.cfg.enableSecret === '1' && response.data && (Consts.Secret.urls.indexOf('*') > -1 || Consts.Secret.urls.indexOf(uri) > -1)) { let data = Utils.Secret.decrypt(response.data) if (data) { response.data = data } } return response }, (error) => { console.error('test interceptors.response is in, ${error}') return Promise.reject(error) })

注意：这里的 window.cfg.enableSecret 配置是我自己项目中有个配置文件配置是否开启，这个大家可以根据自己的环境来实现。

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【示例】SpringBoot 前后端数据加密和解密

【示例】SpringBoot 前后端数据加密和解密

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