英语中表示“本想”的6种时态

1. 用come / go 等动词的过去进行时表示。如：

We were coming to see you, but it rained (so we didn’t). 我们本打算来看你的，只是下起雨来了。

I was trying to help but I screwed up again. 我本想帮忙，反而又把事情搞糟了。

2. 用was [were] going to do sth 表示。如：

She was going to attend the concert last night, but she was too busy. 她昨晚本想去听音乐会的，但她太忙了。

3. 用think, hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose 等动词的过去完成时表示。如：

I had meant to come, but something happened. 我本想来，但有事就没有来。

I had intended to speak, but time did not permit. 我本想发言，但时间不允许。

We had hoped that you would come to see us, but you didn't. 我们本想你来看我们的，但你没有来。

We had thought to return early but they wouldn't let us go. 我们本想早回来的，但他们不让我们走。

若不至于引导误解，有时也可用以上动词的一般过去时表示“本想”。如：

I thought I could go, but I can’t. 我原以为我能去，但我（现在）去不了。

I meant to reason with you, but you won't reason. 我本想和你讲道理，但你不肯讲道理。。

He hoped to come with us, but he was too busy. 他本想同我们一起来的，但他太忙了。

4. 用hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose 的过去式后接完成式不定式表示

I expected to have come early, but I missed the early bus. 我本来想早点来的，但未赶上早班车。

I meant to have told you about it earlier, but I could not come. 我本想早点把这事告诉你，但是我来不及了。

比较同义表达：

We had intended to go to London.=We intended to have gone to London. 我们本来打算到伦敦去的。

5. 用would have done 表示。如：

I would have written before, but I have been ill. 我本想给你写信的，但我生病了。

I would have preferred a bed, but beggars can’t be choosers so I slept on the sofa. 我本想要张床, 但是叫花子不能挑肥拣瘦, 所以我就睡在沙发上了。

6. 用should [would] like [love] have done 表示。如：

I should like to have seen it (but it wasn't possible). 我本想事前看到的(但这不可能)。

I would like to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. 昨晚我本想去参加晚会的，但我要加班写一个报告。

I'd love to have taken him round the factory, but I was too busy. 我本想带他去厂里看看，但我太忙了。