使用linux shell读取yaml文件 |
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使用linux shell读取yaml文件
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一. Linux 安装python3.7.0
centos6/7，centos系统本身默认安装有python2.x(其实我是centos6.5，centos默认安装python2.6.6)，版本x根据不同版本系统有所不同，可通过 python --V 或 python --version 查看系统自带的python版本有一些系统命令时需要用到python2，不能卸载 1. 安装依赖包1）首先安装gcc编译器，gcc有些系统版本已经默认安装，通过 gcc --version 查看，没安装的先安装gcc，yum -y install gcc 2）安装其它依赖包，（注：不要缺少，否则有可能安装python出错，python3.7.0以下的版本可不装 libffi-devel ） yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel libffi-devel 2. 下载python3.7.0源码，根据需求下载1）在https://www.python.org/ftp/python/中选择自己需要的python源码包，我下载的是python3.7.0 (大家也可以去https://www.python.org官网首页下载，找到downloads，就可以选择想要的版本下载了) 2）下载 wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tgz 3. 解压Python-3.7.0.tgz cd /usr/local tar -zxvf Python-3.7.0.tgz 4. 建立一个空文件夹，用于存放python3程序 mkdir /usr/local/python3 5. 执行配置文件，编译，编译安装 cd Python-3.7.0 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 make && make install安装完成没有提示错误便安装成功了 6. 建立软连接 ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python3 ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.7 /usr/bin/pip3 7. 测试一下python3是否可以用 [root@mini Python-3.7.0]# python3 Python 3.7.0 (default, Jul 28 2018, 22:47:29) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-28)] on linux Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> print("hello world!") hello world! >>> exit() [root@mini Python-3.7.0]# pip3 --version pip 10.0.1 from /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)可以看到python3.7.0可以正常使用 二. 升级SSLbug: 使用pip 命令失败 1. 错误信息 1.1信息 pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available. Collecting virtualenv Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/virtualenv/ Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/virtualenv/ Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/virtualenv/ Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/virtualenv/ Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/virtualenv/ Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/virtualenv/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/virtualenv/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement virtualenv (from versions: ) No matching distribution found for virtualenv pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available. Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping 1.2 错误原因系统版本centos6.5，其中openssl的版本为OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013,而python3.7需要的openssl的版本为1.0.2或者1.1.x,需要对openssl进行升级，并重新编译python3.7.0。yum 安装的openssl 版本都比较低。 2. 解决方案–升级openssl 2.1 下载openssl cd /usr/local wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1a.tar.gz tar -zxvf openssl-1.1.1a.tar.gz 2.2 编译安装 cd openssl-1.1.1a ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl no-zlib make && make install 2.3 备份原配置 mv /usr/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl.bak mv /usr/include/openssl/ /usr/include/openssl.bak 2.4 新版配置 ln -s /usr/local/openssl/include/openssl /usr/include/openssl ln -s /usr/local/openssl/lib/libssl.so.1.1 /usr/local/lib64/libssl.so ln -s /usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl 2.6 修改系统配置 ## 写入openssl库文件的搜索路径 line1 ## 使修改后的/etc/ld.so.conf生效 line2 echo "/usr/local/openssl/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf ldconfig -v 2.7 查看openssl版本 openssl version openssl version 提示： /usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl: error while loading shared libraries: libssl.so.1.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 假如你的libssl.so.1.1 文件在/usr/local/openssl/lib/下面，可以这样做 ln -s /usr/local/openssl/lib/libssl.so.1.1 /usr/lib64/libssl.so.1.1 ln -s /usr/local/openssl/lib/libcrypto.so.1.1 /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.1.1 2.8 重新安装python ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --with-openssl=/usr/local/openssl make && make install 三. shell 读取yaml 之 shyaml 1. 安装及使用shyaml 1.1 安装shyaml pip3 install shyaml 1.2 升级pipshyaml安装成功后出现以下提示: 提示 : You are using pip version 10.0.1, however version 19.3.1 is available. You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command. 执行 : pip3 install --upgrade pip 1.3 将shyaml赋环境变量 错误 : -bash: shyaml: command not found 原因 : shyaml命令(/usr/local/python3/bin/shyaml)不在环境变量里 解决 : ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/shyaml /usr/bin/shyaml 2. 案例分析 2.1 file.yaml文件内容 创建文件 cd /usr/local vim file.yaml --- idc_group: name: bx bx: news_bx: news_bx web3_bx: web3_php-fpm_bx task: [1,2,3,4,5,6] 2.2 shell操作 (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml get-value idc_group.name bx (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml key-values idc_group.bx news_bx news_bx web3_bx web3_php-fpm_bx (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ get-value：获取值 (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml get-value idc_group.bx.news_bx news_bx (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ get-type：获取相应的类型 (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml get-type idc_group.bx.news_bx str (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ get-values{,-0}：对序列类型来说，获取值列表 (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml get-values idc_group.bx.task 1 2 3 4 5 6 (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ keys{,-0}：返回键列表 (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml keys idc_group name bx (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml keys idc_group.bx news_bx web3_bx task (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ values{,-0}：返回值列表 (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml values idc_group.bx news_bx web3_php-fpm_bx - 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml values idc_group bx news_bx: news_bx web3_bx: web3_php-fpm_bx task: - 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ key-values,{,-0}：返回键值对 (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml key-values idc_group.bx news_bx news_bx web3_bx web3_php-fpm_bx task - 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml key-values idc_group name bx bx news_bx: news_bx web3_bx: web3_php-fpm_bx task: - 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 (testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ |
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