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第 3 章 箱型图
knitr::include_graphics("img/BoxPlotAnatomy.png")
图 3.1: BoxPlotAnatomy
3.1 基本箱型图
ggplot(mtcars, aes(x=as.factor(cyl), y=mpg)) +
geom_boxplot(fill="slateblue", alpha=0.2) +
xlab("cyl")
3.1.1 添加观测点
data3 %
ggplot( aes(x=name, y=value, fill=name)) +
geom_boxplot() +
scale_fill_viridis(discrete = TRUE, alpha=0.6) +
geom_jitter(color="black", size=0.4, alpha=0.9) +
theme_ipsum() +
theme(
legend.position="none",
plot.title = element_text(size=11)
) +
ggtitle("A boxplot with jitter") +
xlab("")
3.1.2 geom_boxplot()设置
# Dataset 1: one value per group
data %
mutate(name = fct_reorder(name, val)) %>%
ggplot( aes(x=name, y=val)) +
geom_bar(stat="identity", fill="#f68060", alpha=.6, width=.4) +
coord_flip() +
xlab("") +
theme_bw()-> p1
# Reverse side
data %>%
mutate(name = fct_reorder(name, desc(val))) %>%
ggplot( aes(x=name, y=val)) +
geom_bar(stat="identity", fill="#f68060", alpha=.6, width=.4) +
coord_flip() +
xlab("") +
theme_bw()-> p2
ggarrange(p1,p2,labels=c("p1","p2"))
# Using median
mpg %>%
mutate(class = fct_reorder(class, hwy, .fun='median')) %>%
ggplot( aes(x=reorder(class, hwy), y=hwy, fill=class)) +
geom_boxplot() +
xlab("class") +
theme(legend.position="none") +
xlab("") -> p3
# Using number of observation per group
mpg %>%
mutate(class = fct_reorder(class, hwy, .fun='length' )) %>%
ggplot( aes(x=class, y=hwy, fill=class)) +
geom_boxplot() +
xlab("class") +
theme(legend.position="none") +
xlab("") +
xlab("") -> p4
ggarrange(p3,p4,labels=c("p3","p4"))
3.1.4 配色 (RcolorBrewer包)
# Top Left: Set a unique color with fill, colour, and alpha
ggplot(mpg, aes(x=class, y=hwy)) +
geom_boxplot(color="red", fill="orange", alpha=0.2) -> p1
# Top Right: Set a different color for each group
ggplot(mpg, aes(x=class, y=hwy, fill=class)) +
geom_boxplot(alpha=0.3) +
theme(legend.position="none")-> p2
# Bottom Left
ggplot(mpg, aes(x=class, y=hwy, fill=class)) +
geom_boxplot(alpha=0.3) +
theme(legend.position="none") +
scale_fill_brewer(palette="BuPu")-> p3
# Bottom Right
ggplot(mpg, aes(x=class, y=hwy, fill=class)) +
geom_boxplot(alpha=0.3) +
theme(legend.position="none") +
scale_fill_brewer(palette="Dark2") -> p4
ggarrange(p1,p2,p3,p4,labels=c("p1","p2","p3","p4"))
3.1.5 连续变量cut
diamonds %>%
# Add a new column called 'bin': cut the initial 'carat' in bins
mutate( bin=cut_width(carat, width=0.5, boundary=0) ) %>%
# plot
ggplot( aes(x=bin, y=price) ) +
geom_boxplot(fill="#69b3a2") +
theme_ipsum() +
xlab("Carat")
3.1.6 箱型图添加均值
names %
# Add a column called 'type': do we want to highlight the group or not?
mutate( type=ifelse(class=="subcompact","Highlighted","Normal")) %>%
# Build the boxplot. In the 'fill' argument, give this column
ggplot( aes(x=class, y=hwy, fill=type, alpha=type)) +
geom_boxplot() +
scale_fill_manual(values=c("#69b3a2", "grey")) +
scale_alpha_manual(values=c(1,0.1)) +
theme_ipsum() +
theme(legend.position = "none") +
xlab("")
3.2 分组箱型图
# dataset
variety |