Excuse me!

Is this your handbag?  -Yes，it is./-No，it isn't.

How are you today? -I'm fine, thank you.

How do you do?

Nice to meet you. - Nice to meet you too.

What's you job? — I am an english teacher.

What colour is your dress? —— My dress is blue.

Are you French? -Yes, I am. / -No, I am not.

What nationality are you? -I am french. /- I am American.

Which one? - The red one.

Which ones? - The red ones.

Where is it？- It's on the desk.

Where ate they? -They're in the kirchen.

What's the weather like today? -It's fine.

What's he/she/it doing?

What are they doing? - They are doing their homework.

What are you going to do? -I'm going to sleep.

名词归类

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

red blue white black orange purple pink yellow green

one two three four five six seven eight nine ten

eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen

ten twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety 

one hundred two hundred nine hundred

一、冠词和名词

定冠词，不定冠词

定冠词：the 指代独一无二的事物或者是前文中提到的某一个确定的事物。

形容词最高级

e.g. the moon the sun 

e.g. ——Ah！ Your dress is pretty!  -Thank you. I like the dress, too.

不定冠词：a/an 

名词若是以元音音素开头，用an

e.g. an apple - an hour

e.g. - a boy - a girl - a teacher   

二、名词的单数复数（复数形式发音）

1.s/es  一般情况下：加s （注意发音）

名词以s结尾的，变成复数加es

dress - dresses

发音规则

1.如果名词词尾的发音是一个清辅音 s发s

 2.如果名词词尾发音是浊辅音或名词词尾是一个元音，s发z音。

e.g. ties  - dogs

3.如果名词词尾的发音是（20:52)，s发iz的音。

e.g. dresses - blouses

如果名词是以f/fe结尾，变成复数时，一般要把-f或者-fe变成-v，在加es。

housewife - housewives

knife - knives

不规则

man-men , woman-women , mikman-mikmen , policewoman- policewomen

box-boxes watch-watches

三、所有格

e.g. Tom's schoolbag Jean's dress

’s 加在名字后面,表示后面的事物属于前面的一个人，它的作用和形容词性物主代词是一样的。

Tom‘s schoolbag = his schoolbag 

Jean's dress = her dress

四、代词

同汉语中代词的概念： 我，你，她，他，它

不同：人称代词主、宾格

I love you. - You love me.

*处在宾语位置的人称代词，一定要用宾格。

主格 I you he she it 宾格 me you him her it

2.人称代词复数

第一人称 I we

第二人称you you

第三人称he，she，it  they

3.形容词性物主代词

我的my ，你的 your ，他的his ，她的her，它的its，我们的our，你们的your，他们的their。

单数

my dress - your pencil - his glasses - her boxes - his letter - its milk

复数

our books - your passports - their handbags 

4.不定代词one - 指代前面提到的一个事物

A:——Give me a book， please.

B:——Which book? This one?

*one=book

复数：

A: ——Give me some glasses, please.

B:  ——Which glasses? These glasses?

A: ——No, not those. The ones on the shelf.

五、时态

1.现在进行时：be+动词现在分词

e.g.  He is climbing the tree.

She is crying.

be动词需要和前面主语保持一致，相应做出选择。

what提问：

e.g. What are you doing?

 What is he / she / it doing?

2.可以用来表示将来的be going to do...

e.g.——What are you going to do?——I'm going to sleep

关键句型：主谓宾&主系表

主谓宾： I love you. 我爱你。

主语：I

谓语：love → 通常由动作来表示

宾语：you→动作的承受对象

Sophie is French. 

主语：Sophie 

系动词：通常由be 动词担任

表语：描述主语情况，状态

*be 动词（am，is，are）对应人称：I am ; you are ; he/she/it is

疑问句型：一般疑问句&特殊疑问句

一般疑问句

目前：以be 动词来提问

e.g. Is he a student? - Are you a teacher?

特殊疑问句 → 特殊疑问词

what: 提问什么 What is your name？

when：提问时间 When is your birthday？

where: 提问地点 Where is your father?

why: 提问原因 Why are you crying？

who: 提问人物 Who is your best friend?

how: 提问如何，方式 How are you?/How is everything going?

There be 句型：某地有/存在... →就近原则

L13&L14

e.g. There is a refrigerator in the kitchen.&There are some magazines in the televison.

 be动词形式：由后面的名词决定

There is... :单数可数名词/不可数名词

e.g. There is an apple on the table.&There is some milk in the bottle.

There are... ：复数可数名词

e.g. There are three apples on the table.

*就近（一致）原则

e.g.There is a book, two pens and many pencils in the schoolbag.

 There are four eggs, one apple and two bananas in the refrigerator.

Here...

1.Here you are.

2.Here it is./Here they are.

单数：Here you are./Here it is.

单数：

A: ——Could you give me my English textbook？

B: ——Yes, of course. Here you are./Here it is.

复数：

Could you give me all these English textbooks?

Yes, of course. Here you are./Here they are.

*Here they are.→Here it is.的复数

Here it is./ Here they are.:侧重点在东西上

Here you are.:侧重点在对方（人）上

e.g. May I have a glass of water?

Yes. Here you are.

Can I get my pen back， please? - Yes, here it is.

be going to ：表示计划、安排打算将来做某事。

What are you going to do? -I'm going to sleep.

双宾语句型

 e.g. Give me this book.

this book: 直接宾语

me：间接宾语

➡️Give this book to me.   to：动作方向

祈使句：表示直接的命令，建议，告诫，邀请等。一般省略主语，动词采用原形。

L15

Open the window and air the room.

Put these clothes in the wardrobe.

Make the bed.

Dust the dressing table.

Sweep the floor.

情态动词must : 表示“不得不..., 应该...”

e.g. I must come back home early. & I must finish the work today.

疑问句： e.g. What must I do?

 excuse me & sorry

excuse me : 引起注意，打扰一下（在问路，插话，走开，或表示异议时可用）

e.g. Excuse me , where is the nearest post pffice?

sorry: 做了某事，感到抱歉

e.g. Sorry， I'm late. May I come in?

This is ... & Here is ... 这是...

This is ... : 强调后面的事物

Here is ... : 强调地点， 位置

e.g. This is a book. & Here is a book.

How are you? & How do you do?

How are you? : 熟人（朋友，同学，同事） 见面

e.g. How are you? I'm fine. Thank you.

How do you do? : 第一次见面（正式）

e.g. How do you do？您好

       How do you do？您好

What's your job? & What do you do?

What's your jor? : 你是做什么工作的？

What do you do? : 问工作/ 职业

e.g. What do you do ? -I'm a taecher./ I'm an English teacher.