在此Linux下全新安装配置Mysql、Apache2、PHP，解决在安装Mysql时出现的报错：Character set 'gbk' is not a compiled character set and is not specified in the /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml' file

在安装mysql后可以在下面目录找到mysql的相关安装配置信息说明/usr/local/mysql/info/mysql.info

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在此Linux下全新安装配置Mysql、Apache2、PHP，解决在安装Mysql时出现的报错：Character set 'gbk' is not a compiled character set and is not specified in the /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml' file

在安装mysql后可以在下面目录找到mysql的相关安装配置信息说明/usr/local/mysql/info/mysql.info

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1.检查系统及内核状态[root@app /]# cat /etc/issueRed Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (Nahant)Kernel r on an m[root@app /]# cat /proc/versionLinux version 2.6.9-5.ELsmp ([email protected]) (gcc version 3.4.3 20041212 (Red Hat 3.4.3-9.EL4)) #1 SMP Wed Jan 5 19:30:39 EST 2005[root@app /]# uname -r2.6.9-5.ELsmp1.1查看CPU及MEM[root@app /]# grep "model name" /proc/cpuinfomodel name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU 5130 @ 2.00GHzmodel name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU 5130 @ 2.00GHzmodel name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU 5130 @ 2.00GHzmodel name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU 5130 @ 2.00GHz[root@app /]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfoMemTotal: 4147280 kB1.2操作系统位数[root@app /]# getconf LONG_BIT32[root@app /]# ldd /sbin/mii-toollibc.so.6 => /lib/tls/libc.so.6 (0x0097e000)/lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x00965000)

2.准备好安装包mysql-5.0.45.tar.gzmysql-5.0.45-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gzhttpd-2.2.4.tar.gzphp-4.4.7.tar.gz

3.进行安装配置3.1检查系统是否已经安装相应的Mysql,php,apache软件包# rpm -qa | grep mysql 和# rpm -qa | grep MySQLrpm -q -a|grep -i mysqlrpm -q -a|grep -i httpd rpm -q -a|grep -i php如果没有返回以mysql或MySQL打头的信息,则说明没有安装.如果已经安装,则可以直接使用或更换新版本卸载方法: # rpm -e mysql-xxxxxx # rpm -e httpd-xxxxxx# rpm -e php-xxxxxx遇到依赖性问题而无法卸载，可以使用--nodeps或—force强制卸载.不过最好慎用. rpm -e --nodeps httpdrpm -e --nodeps php3.2进行安装cp mysql-5.0.45.tar.gz /tmpcp mysql-5.0.45-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz /tmpcp httpd-2.2.4.tar.gz /tmpcp php-4.4.7.tar.gz /tmp3.3 Mysql-5.0.45版本的安装cd /tmptar xvfz mysql-5.0.45.tar.gzcd /mysql-5.0.45./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=gbk --with- --sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var/lib/mysqlmakemake install 指定字符类型为gbk 进行编译安装

#prefix=/usr/local/mysql mysql安装的目标目录

#sysconfdir=/etc my.cnf配置文件的路径

#localstatedir=/var/lib/mysql 数据库存放的路径

安装完以后要初始化数据库，当然你是升级的话不用做这步；

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

Installing MySQL system tables...OKFilling help tables...OKTo start mysqld at boot time you have to copysupport-files/mysql.server to the right place for your systemPLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h app.shunde.gov.cn password 'new-password'See the manual for more instructions.You can start the MySQL daemon with:cd /usr/local/mysql ; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &信息有提示将 cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqldcp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password '******' 启动Mysql进行测试/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld status/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start如果大家还是不能启动不了的话，那就用我的比较繁琐的权限的设置，反正我每次都是这么做的，一般不会有问题，见下：chown -R root /usr/local/mysql chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql chown -R root /usr/local/mysql/bin chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/bin chgrp -R mysql /var/lib/mysql chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql chown -R root /var/lib/mysql/mysql chgrp -R mysql /var/lib/mysql/mysql chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql/mysql chown -R root /var/lib/mysql/mysql/* chgrp -R mysql /var/lib/mysql/mysql/* chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql/mysql/*chmod 777 /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.a

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysqlln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql

其下可能还有如下错误出现/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin: Character set 'gbk' is not a compiled character set and is not specified in the

'/usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml' file/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failederror: 'Can't initialize character set gbk (path: /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/charsets/)

现在找到该解决办法是打mysql-5.0.45-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz补丁包cd /tmptar xvfz mysql-5.0.45-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gzcp /usr/local/mysql /usr/local/old_mysqlrm -rf /usr/local/mysqlcp mysql-5.0.45-linux-i686-glibc23 /usr/local/mysql重新启动Mysql，没有出现gbk的报错

继续修改/etc/my.cnf的参数配置，将default-character-set=gbk增加在如下位置[client]default-character-set=gbk[mysqld]default-character-set=gbk重新启动Mysql/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld restart登录Mysql/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p******mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'char%';+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+| Variable_name | Value |+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+| character_set_client | gbk | | character_set_connection | gbk | | character_set_database | gbk | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | gbk | | character_set_server | gbk | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------------------+8 rows in set (0.01 sec)如上图所示改成所需字符类型gbk[root@app bin]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlshow -uroot -p******[root@app bin]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlcheck -A -uroot -p******3.3.1转移mysql数据，先从旧库导出成*.sql,然后导入到新库[root@house ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p****** db1 >/opt/db1_bakup.20080304.sql[root@house ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p****** db2 >/opt/db2_bakup.20080304.sql

[root@house ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p****** db1 < /opt/db1_bakup.20080304.sql[root@house ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p****** db2 < /opt/db2_bakup.20080304.sql

3.4安装Apache-2.2.4cd /tmptar xvfz httpd-2.2.4.tar.gzcd /httpd-2.2.4./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --enable-module=so --enable-module=rewrite --enable-shared=max --启动apache/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start--关闭apache/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop

3.5安装php-4.4.7cd /tmptar xvfz php-4.4.7.tar.gzcd / php-4.4.7[root@app php-4.4.7]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --enable-force-cgi-redirect --with-freetype-dir=/usr --with-png-

dir=/usr --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-ttf --with-gdbm --with-gettext --with-iconv --with-jpeg-dir=/usr --with-png --with-zlib --with-xml --

enable-calendar --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxsmakemake install3.5.1 配置php.ini/usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

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