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光束合金化合成 Fe-Al 系金属间化合物涂层的微观特征
摘要: [ 目的 ] 为了改善钢铁材料的耐高温腐蚀性能 , 用光束合金化方法在 45 钢表面合成了 Fe-Al 金属间化 合物涂层 . [ 过程和方法 ] 采用扫描电子显微镜、能量弥散 X 射线分析和 X 射线衍射研究了光束合金化工艺 参数 ( 粉末预置量 m 和热输入量 q ) 对合金化层的化学成分、显微组织及其物相组成的影响 . [ 结果 ] 实验结果 表明 : 减小比能量 ( E = q/m ) 将导致合金化层的熔宽和熔深减小 , 从而使合金化层含 Fe 量减少 , 含 Al 量增加 ; 该实验条件下 , 获得了 Fe 与 Al 原子数比为 2.4 ~ 19.2 的合金化层 . 由比能量决定的 Fe 与 Al 原子数比是合 金化层显微组织及其物相组成的重要影响因素 , 合金化层的显微组织有 3 种类型 : α -Fe 固溶体、α -Fe 固 溶体 +Fe 3 Al 金属间化合物及 FeAl+AlFe 3 C 0.5 金属间化合物 . [ 结论 ] 降低热输入或增加粉末预置量均可引起合 金化层中 Fe 与 Al 原子数比的降低 , 有助于 Fe-Al 系 (Fe 3 Al 或 FeAl) 金属间化合物的合成 . 关键词:表面合金化 ; Fe-Al 金属间化合物 ; 光束合金化涂层 ; 微观组织 ; 物相
Microstructure characteristics of Fe-Al intermetallic compound coating synthesized by light beam alloying
Abstract : The high temperature corrosion resistance of steel was improved with a Fe-Al intermetallic coating applied to Steel-45 by light beam alloying. The effect of alloying processing parameters (the pre-placed powder mass, m , and the heat input, q ) on the chemical composition, microstructure and phases of the alloying coatings was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and X-ray diffraction. The results show that reducing the specific heat input E ( E = q / m ) reduces the width and penetration of the alloying molten pool, which reduces the Fe content and increases the Al content of the coatings. The experiments resulted in coatings with 2.4-19.2 Fe/Al atomic ratios. The Fe/Al atomic ratio determined by the specific heat input is the most important factor affecting the microstructure and phases of the coatings. There are three kinds of coating microstructures, α -Fe solid solution, α -Fe solid solution + Fe 3 Al intermetallic compound, and FeAl + AlFe 3 C 0.5
intermetallic compounds. Reducing the heat input and increasing the pre-placed powder mass both reduce the Fe/Al atomic ratio of the coatings, which favors the synthesis of the Fe-Al(Fe 3 Al and FeAl) intermetallic compounds. Key words: surface alloying; Fe-Al intermetallic compound; light beam alloying coating; microstructure; phases
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