until时态需要虚拟语气吗 |
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一、有几个问题,需要给网友澄清: 1. 动词时态很重要,不可乱用。 2. 过去完成时和虚拟语气,是两个不同的概念,不可划等号。 3. 孤立的一个句子:He was not caught by the police until Dec. 2003. 表达过去事件,使用一般过去时没错。 (1)本句含有一个明确的过去时间状语 until Dec. 2003。若用过去完成时,没有参照的时态。 (2)如果把 until Dec. 2003 改为从句,就可以使用过去完成时(但不是必须使用),因为有从句中谓语动词的时态做参照: He had not been caught by the police until someone reported him to the police. 又如: Until she spoke I hadn't realized she wasn't English. 直到她开口说话我才知道她不是英格兰人。 《牛津词典》 或者有前文提供语境:He was in prison and he had not been caught by the police until Dec. 2003. 这时,had not been caught 以 was 为参照。 二、A new school has been built up last year. (误) 现在完成时常用来表达过去发生的动作,但不可以跟明显的过去时间状语连用,因为现在完成时与现在情况密切相关(“现在”二字意味深长)。改正办法(原句用 up 错误,删掉): A new school was built last year. A new school has been built. 三、I won't stop until I succeeded? 此句有误。改为: I won't stop until I succeed. I won't stop until I have succeeded. |
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