英语现在分词的否定式的构成与用法

英语现在分词否定式的构成方法是在现在分词前加否定词 not。

一、现在分词一般式的否定式

现在分词一般式的否定式为 not doing / never doing。如：

I sat at the back, never daring to speak. 我坐在后面，从不敢吭声。

Not liking mathematics, she gave it up. 她不喜欢数学，所以不学了。

Not being able to understand English, he didn’t know what they wanted. 由于他不懂英语，他不知道他们要什么。

Not knowing what to do, she came to ask for my advice. 她不知如何是好，便来询问我的意见。

Not knowing her address, I wasn’t able to contact her. 由于不知道她的地址，我没法和她联系。

Not having enough [sufficient] hands, they couldn't finish the work in time. 由于人手不足，他们不能及时完成工作。

He has a military bearing, never failing to carry himself erect. 他有一种军人的风姿，身板总是挺得笔直。

We lived from hand to mouth, never knowing where the next meal was coming from.  我们日子过得紧紧巴巴的，从来是吃了上顿没下顿。

二、现在分词完成式的否定式

现在分词完成式的否定式为 not having done / never having done。如：

Not having done it right, I tried again. 我由于没有做对，所以又试了试。

Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter to her. 由于没接到回信，他决定再给她写一封信。

Never having been ill himself, he wasn’t a sympathetic listener. 他自己从未生过病，所以听到别人的病情时，并不怎么同情。

Not having encountered an atlas before, she could not make head or tail of maps. 因为过去从来都没有接触过地图册，她对那些地图摸不着头脑。