聚酰胺薄膜复合材料 (PA-TFC) 膜具有三层结构，包括聚酰胺 (PA)、基材和无纺布支撑，通过反渗透 (RO) 和纳滤 (NF) 等海水淡化技术在应对淡水危机中发挥着关键作用). 虽然性能不错，进一步加强 PA-TFC 膜的功效将有助于进一步降低海水淡化成本。作为核心部分的PA层调制逐渐进入研究人员的视线。PA 层通常通过界面聚合 (IP) 制造，它发生在液体界面，是一个依赖于扩散的过程。因此，调节界面特性和/或控制扩散过程可以调整 IP 并进一步调节 PA 层结构和性能。在此，我们回顾并讨论了目前报道的 IP 调整和 PA 层调制策略，重点是层间插层、添加剂引入、共溶剂辅助 IP (CAIP) 和新型 IP。结合对已报道工作的分析，我们强调了这些方法在调节 PA 层结构和膜性能方面的共同和显着特征。我们还对本研究的不足之处进行了讨论。预计我们可以通过分析潜在机制和比较不同结果来提供一些关于如何进一步完善这些方法的见解。此外，基于分析和讨论，我们还给出了我们对该领域未来研究的看法。这里的信息被认为能够通过 PA 层调制推动更先进的 PA-TFC 膜的开发。

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Polyamide thin film composite (PA-TFC) membrane featured with triple-layer structure including polyamide (PA), substrate, and nonwoven support is playing critical roles in dealing with freshwater crisis via desalination technologies such as reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF). Although with good performance, further strengthening of PA-TFC membrane efficacy would contribute to further decreasing desalination cost. As the core part, PA layer modulation gradually comes into researchers’ sight. PA layer is usually fabricated by interfacial polymerization (IP), which occurs at liquid interface and is a diffusion-dependent process. Thus, Regulating interface properties and/or controlling diffusion process could tune IP and further modulate PA layer structure and performance. Herein, we reviewed and discussed currently reported strategies for IP tuning and PA layer modulation with emphasis on interlayer intercalation, additive introduction, co-solvent assisted IP (CAIP), and novel IP. Combined with analysis on the reported works, we emphasize on the common and distinctive features of these methods in modulating PA layer structure and membrane performance. We also make discussions on the shortage of the present study. It is anticipated that we could provide some insight on how to further refine these methods by analyzing the underlying mechanism and by comparing the different results. Furthermore, based on analysis and discussions we also give our perspective on future research in this area. The information here is believed to be able to contribute to push the development of more advanced PA-TFC membranes via PA layer modulation.