数据结构专有名词&常见术语（中英双语） |
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数据结构的一些常见术语的中英文双语对照，很多场合都可以用到，
比如编程命名，我觉得挺有用的，就收集在这里了 --_--
目录 一. 常见术语 数据 指针 正确性 线性表 栈 串 树 图 拓扑排序 排序 文件 二.数据结构专有名词 数据抽象 逻辑结构 基本数据类型 查找线索 前趋 数组 链表 链 树 二叉树 图 边 查找 散列表 排序 文件 一. 常见术语 数据 数据Data数据元素Data element数据项Data item数据结构Data structure逻辑结构Logical structure数据类型Data type 指针 指针Pointer顺序存储结构Sequential storage structure链状存储结构Linked storage structure稠密索引Dense index稀疏索引Sparse index抽象数据类型Abstract DataType算法Algorithm 正确性 正确性Correctness可读性Readability健壮性Robustness频度Frequency count时间复杂度Time complexity空间复杂度Space complexity直接前驱Immediate predecessor 线性表 线性表Linear list顺序表Sequenatial list单链表Singly linked list循环链表Circylar linked lists双向链表Double linked lists双向循环链表Double circular linked list 栈 栈Stack栈顶Top栈底Botton后进先出Last In First Out上溢Overflow下溢Underflow共享Shared队列Queue队尾Rear队头Front先进后出First In Last Out 串 串String子串Substring模式匹配Pattern matching数组Arrays行为主序Row major order列为主序Column major order稀疏矩阵Sparse matrices特殊矩阵Special matrices三元组表List of 3_tuples十字链表Orthogonal list广义表Generalized lists 树 树Tree二叉树Binary tree满二叉树Full binary tree完全二叉树Complete binary tree二叉排序树Binary sort tree二叉搜索树Binary search tree前序遍历Preorder traversal中序遍历Inorder traversal后序遍历Postorder traversal哈夫曼树Huffman tree回溯Backtrackins 图 图Graph有向图Directed graph (digraph)无向图Undirected graph (undigraph)有向完全图Undirected Complete Graph无向完全图directed complete graph稀疏图Sparse graph稠密图Dense graph网点Network邻结点Adjacent度Degree出度Outdegree入度Indegree连通图Connected graph连通分支Connected component强连通图Strong graph生成树Spanning tree邻接矩阵Adjacency lists邻接表Adjacency lists邻接多重表Adjacency multilists深度优先索引Depth-First Search广度优先索引Breath-First Search最小生成树Minimum spanning tree最短路径Shortest path有向无环图Directed acycline graph 拓扑排序 拓扑排序Topological sort检索Searching关键字Key主关键字Primary key顺序检索Sequential search折半检索Binary search分块检索Blocking search平衡二叉树Best wishes alanced binary tree平衡因子Balanced factor直接定址Immediately allocate除留余数法Division method数字分析法Digit analysis method折叠法Folding method线性探查Linear probing平方取中法Mid-square method开放定址法Open addressing链地址法Chaining 排序 排序Sorting直接插入排序Straight insertion sort希尔排序Shells method缩小增量排序Diminishing increment sort折半插入排序Binary insertion sort二路插入排序2_way insertion sort共享插入排序Shared insertion sort冒泡排序Bubble sort快速排序Quick sort选择排序Selection sort直接选择排序Straight selection sort树形选择排序Tree selection sort锦标赛排序Tournament sort堆排序Heap sort归并排序Merging sort二路归并2_way merge多路归并Multi_way merge基数排序Radix sorting最低位优先(LSD) Least Significant Digit First最高位优先(MSD) Most Significant Digit First 文件 文件Files顺序文件Sequential file索引文件Indexed file索引顺序存取方法Indexed Sequential Access Method虚拟存储存取方法Virtual Storage Access Method散列文件Hashed file多关键字文件With more than one key多重表文件Multilist file倒排文件Inverted file二.数据结构专有名词 数据抽象 数据抽象data abstraction数据元素data element数据对象data object数据项data item数据类型data type抽象数据类型abstract data type 逻辑结构 逻辑结构logical structure物理结构phyical structure线性结构linear structure非线性结构nonlinear structure 基本数据类型 基本数据类型atomic data type固定聚合数据类型fixed-aggregate data type可变聚合数据类型variable-aggregate data type线性表linear list栈stack队列queue串string数组array树tree图grabh 查找线索 查找线索searching更新updating排序（分类)sorting插入insertion删除deletion 前趋 前趋predecessor后继successor直接前趋immediate predecessor直接后继immediate successor双端列表deque(double-ended queue)循环队列cirular queue指针pointer先进先出表（队列）first-in first-out list后进先出表（队列）last-in first-out list栈底bottom栈顶top压入push弹出pop队头front队尾rear上溢overflow下溢underflow 数组 数组array矩阵matrix多维数组multi-dimentional array以行为主的顺序分配row major order以列为主的顺序分配column major order三角矩阵truangular matrix对称矩阵symmetric matrix稀疏矩阵sparse matrix转置矩阵transposed matrix 链表 链表linked list线性链表linear linked list单链表single linked list多重链表multilinked list循环链表circular linked list双向链表doubly linked list十字链表orthogonal list广义表generalized list 链 链link指针域pointer field链域link field头结点head node头指针head pointer尾指针tail pointer串string空白（空格）串blank string空串（零串）null string子串substring 树 树tree子树subtree森林forest根root叶子leaf结点node深度depth层次level双亲parents孩子children兄弟brother祖先ancestor子孙descentdant 二叉树 二叉树binary tree平衡二叉树banlanced binary tree满二叉树full binary tree完全二叉树complete binary tree遍历二叉树traversing binary tree二叉排序树binary sort tree二叉查找树binary search tree线索二叉树threaded binary tree哈夫曼树Huffman tree有序数ordered tree无序数unordered tree判定树decision tree双链树doubly linked tree数字查找树digital search tree树的遍历traversal of tree先序遍历preorder traversal中序遍历inorder traversal后序遍历postorder traversal 图 图graph子图subgraph有向图digraph(directed graph)无向图undigraph(undirected graph)完全图complete graph连通图connected graph非连通图unconnected graph强连通图strongly connected graph弱连通图weakly connected graph加权图weighted graph有向无环图directed acyclic graph稀疏图spares graph稠密图dense graph重连通图biconnected graph二部图bipartite graph 边 边edge顶点vertex弧arc路径path回路（环）cycle弧头head弧尾tail源点source终点destination汇点sink权weight连接点articulation point初始结点initial node终端结点terminal node相邻边adjacent edge相邻顶点adjacent vertex关联边incident edge入度indegree出度outdegree最短路径shortest path有序对ordered pair无序对unordered pair简单路径simple path简单回路simple cycle连通分量connected component邻接矩阵adjacency matrix邻接表adjacency list邻接多重表adjacency multilist遍历图traversing graph生成树spanning tree最小（代价）生成树minimum(cost)spanning tree生成森林spanning forest拓扑排序topological sort偏序partical order拓扑有序topological orderAOV网activity on vertex network AOE网activity on edge network关键路径critical path匹配matching最大匹配maximum matching增广路径augmenting path增广路径图augmenting path graph 查找 查找searching线性查找（顺序查找）linear search (sequential search)二分查找binary search分块查找block search散列查找hash search平均查找长度average search length 散列表 散列表hash table散列函数hash funticion直接定址法immediately allocating method数字分析法digital analysis method平方取中法mid-square method折叠法folding method除法division method随机数法random number method 排序 排序sort内部排序internal sort外部排序external sort插入排序insertion sort随小增量排序diminishing increment sort选择排序selection sort堆排序heap sort快速排序quick sort归并排序merge sort基数排序radix sort外部排序external sort平衡归并排序balance merging sort二路平衡归并排序balance two-way merging sort多步归并排序ployphase merging sort置换选择排序replacement selection sort 文件 文件file主文件master file顺序文件sequential file索引文件indexed file索引顺序文件indexed sequential file索引非顺序文件indexed non-sequential file直接存取文件direct access file多重链表文件multilist file倒排文件inverted file目录结构directory structure树型索引tree index |
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