酪蛋白 (α S1 , α S2, β 和 κ) 是牛奶的主要蛋白质部分。与无定形磷酸钙 (CaP) 和二价阳离子的纳米团簇一起，它们结合形成称为酪蛋白胶束的颗粒的多分散分布。提出了一种酪蛋白胶束模型，该模型与本质上无序的蛋白质通过主要是极性、短、线性的基序相互作用的方式是一致的。使用该模型，推导出当酪蛋白与 CaP 纳米团簇结合时形成的酪蛋白胶束的尺寸分布，复合物进一步相互结合以及剩余的游离酪蛋白混合物。结果是一个精细的包衣-核心模型，其中核心主要由纳米团簇复合物形成，而包衣仅由游离酪蛋白形成。将平均牛奶的尺寸分布和表面组成的示例计算与实验进行比较。胶束的平均尺寸、尺寸分布和表面组成取决于纳米团簇复合物相互之间的亲和力以及它们对游离酪蛋白的亲和力，以及游离酪蛋白、钙离子和其他盐的浓度。连续相。

"点击查看英文标题和摘要"

Caseins (αS1, αS2, β and κ) are the main protein fraction of bovine milk. Together with nanoclusters of amorphous calcium phosphate (CaP) and divalent cations, they combine to form a polydisperse distribution of particles called casein micelles. A casein micelle model is proposed which is consistent with the way in which intrinsically disordered proteins interact through predominantly polar, short, linear, motifs. Using the model, an expression is derived for the size distribution of casein micelles formed when caseins bind to the CaP nanoclusters and the complexes further associate with each other and the remaining mixture of free caseins. The result is a refined coat-core model in which the core is formed mainly by the nanocluster complexes and the coat is formed exclusively by the free caseins. Example calculations of the size distribution and surface composition of an average bovine milk are compared with experiment. The average size, size distribution and surface composition of the micelles is shown to depend on the affinity of the nanocluster complexes for each other in competition with their affinity for free caseins, and on the concentrations of free caseins, calcium ions and other salts in the continuous phase.