Preface to Fourth Edition

Preface to First Edition

Acknowledgments

List of Figures

List of Tables

Chapter 1 Background Information

1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Allowable stresses; 1.3 Weld Joint Examination Requirementsl; 1.3.1 Requirements for VIII-1; 1.3.2 Requirements for VIII-2; 1.4 Brittle Fracture Considerations; 1.5 Fatigue Requirements and Protection Against Failure From Cyclic Loading; 1.5.1 Rules for Fatigue Analysis in VIII-1; 1.5.2 Rules for Fatigue Analysis in VIII-2; 1.6 Pressure Testing of Vessels and Components; 1.6.1 ASME Code Requirements; 1.6.2 What Does a Hydrostatic or Pneumatic Pressure Test Do?; 1.6.3 Pressure Test Requirements for VIII-1; 1.6.4 Pressure Test Requirements for VIII-2; 1.7 Corrosion Allowance in Design Formulas and Calculations; 1.7.1 Consideration of Amount of Corrosion; 1.7.2 Consideration of Corrosion Allowance in Design; 1.8 Minimum Thickness of Pressure Retaining Components.

Chapter 2 Cylindrical Shells

2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Tensile Forces, VIII-1; 2.2.1 Thin Cylindrical Shells; 2.2.2 Thick Cylindrical Shells; 2.3 Axial Compression; 2.3.1 VIII-1 Rules for Axial Compression; 2.3.2 VIII-2 Rules for Axial Compression; 2.4 External Pressure; 2.4.1 External Pressure for Cylinders with Do/t ? 10; 2.4.2 External Pressure for Cylinders with Do/t 2.4.3 Empirical Equations; 2.4.4 Stiffening Rings; 2.4.5 Attachment of Stiffening Rings; 2.5 Cylindrical Shell Equations, VIII-2; 2.5.1 Internal Pressure; 2.5.2 External Pressure; 2.6 Miscellaneous Shells; 2.6.1 Mitered Cylinders; 2.6.2 Elliptical Shells.

Chapter 3 Spherical Shells, Heads, and Transition Sections

3.1 Introductions; 3.2 Spherical Shells and Hemispherical Heads, VIII-1; 3.2.1 Internal Pressure in Spherical Shells and Pressure on Concave Side of

Hemispherical Heads; 3.2.2 External Pressure in Spherical Shells and Pressure on Convex Side of

Hemispherical Heads; 3.3 Spherical Shells and Hemispherical Heads, VIII-2; 3.3.1 Pressure on the Concave Side; 3.3.2 Pressure on the Convex Side; 3.4 Ellipsoidal Heads, VIII-1; 3.4.1 Pressure on the Concave Side; 3.4.2 Pressure on the Convex Side; 3.5 Torispherical Heads, VIII-1; 3.5.1 Pressure on the Concave Side; 3.5.2 Pressure on the Convex Side; 3.6 Ellipsoidal and Torispherical Heads, VIII-2; 3.6.1 Torispherical Heads; 3.6.2 Ellipsoidal Heads; 3.7 Conical Sections, VIII-1; 3.7.1 Internal Pressure; 3.7.2 External Pressure; 3.8 Conical Sections, VIII-2; 3.8.1 Internal Pressure; 3.8.2 External Pressure; 3.9 Miscellaneous Transition Sections.

Chapter 4 Flat Plates, Covers, and Flanges

4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Integral Flat Plates and Covers; 4.2.1 Circular Flat Plates and Covers; 4.2.2. Noncircular Flat Plates and Covers; 4.3 Bolted Flat Plates, Covers, and Flanges; 4.3.1 Gasket Requirements, Bolt Sizing, and Bolt Loadings; 4.4 Flat Plates and Covers With Bolting; 4.4.1 Blind Flanges & Circular Flat Plates and Covers; 4.4.2 Noncircular Flat Plates and covers; 4.5 Openings in Flat Plates and Covers; 4.5.1 Opening Diameter Does Not Exceed half the Plate Diameter;

4.5.2 Opening Diameter Exceeds half the Plate Diameter; 4.6 Bolted Flange Connections (joints); 4.6.1 Standard Flanges; 4.6.2 Special Flanges; 4.6.3 Flange Rigidity; 4.7 Bolted Dished Covers; 4.7.1 Definitions and Terminology; 4.7.2 Two Types of Dished covers.

Chapter 5 Openings

5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Code Bases For Acceptability of Opening; 5.3 Terms and Definitions; 5.4 Reinforced Openings-General Requirements; 5.4.1 Replacement Area; 5.4.2 Reinforcement Limits; 5.4.3 Comparing Methods of Problem Solving of Reinforced Openings in VIII-1

vs. VIII-2; 5.5 Reinforced Openings Rules in VIII-1; 5.5.1 Openings With Inherent compensation; 5.5.2 Shape and Size of Openings; 5.5.3 Area of Reinforcement Required; 5.5.4 Limits of Reinforcement; 5.5.5 Area of Reinforcement Available; 5.5.6 Openings Exceeding Size Limits of Section 5.5.2.2; 5.5.7 Alternative Design Rules for Reinfoced Openings in Cylindrical and

Conical Shells; 5.5.8 Alternative Design Rules for Large Reinforced Openings in Cylindrical and

Conical Shells; 5.6 Reinforced Opening Rules in VIII-2 ; 5.6.1 Definitions, Symbols, and Terms; 5.6.2 Shape and Size Limits of Openings 5.6.3 Configurations of Reinforced Opening Equations Given in Design by Rules

of VIII-2; 5.7 Ligament Efficiency Rules; 5.7.1 Ligament Efficiency vs. Weld Joint Efficiency; 5.7.2 Nomenclature.

Chapter 6 Design by Rules For Some Special Components in VIII-1 and VIII-2

6.1 Introduction and Background; 6.2 Braced and Stayed Construction; 6.2.1 Braced and Stayed Surfaces; 6.2.2 Stays and Staybolts; 6.3 jacketed Vessels; 6.3.1 Types of Jacketed Vessels; 6.3.2 Design of Closure Member for Jacket to Vessel; 6.3.3 Design of Openings in Jacketed Vessels; 6.4 Half-Pipe Jackets; 6.4.1 Maximum Allowable Internal Pressure in Half-Pipe Jacket; 6.4.2 Minimum Thickness of Half-Pipe Jacket; 6.5 Vessels of Noncircular Cross Section; 6.5.1 Types of Vessels and Pressure Loading; 6.5.2 Basis for Allowable Stresses; 6.5.3 Openings in Vessels of Noncircular Cross Section; 6.5.4 Vessels of Rectangular Cross Section.

Chapter 7 Design of Heat Exchangers

7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Design of Tubesheets in U-Tube Exchangers; 7.2.1 Nomenclature; 7.2.2 Preliminary Calculations; 7.2.3 Design Equations; 7.3 Fixed tubesheets; 7.3.1 Nomenclature; 7.3.2 Preliminary Calculations; 7.3.3 Design Equations; 7.4 Additional Rules; 7.5 Methods of Attaching tubes-to-Tubesheet; 7.5.1 Push Out Tests; 7.5.2 Tube-to-Tubesheet Locking Mechanism; 7.6 Expansion Joints;

Chapter 8 Design by Analysis of Components in VIII-2

8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Stress Categories; 8.3 Stress Concentration; 8.4 Combinations of Stresses; 8.5 Fatigue Evaluation.

References

Appendices

Appendix A Guide to VIII-1 Requirements; Appendix B Material Designation; Appendix C Joint Efficiency Factors For Design of VIII-1 Vessels; Appendix D Flange Calculation Sheets For VIII-1 Flanges; Appendix E Units of Measurement and Conversion Factors; Appendix F Some Design Items Prior to the 2007 Edition of VIII-2.

Index