linux之yum下载rpm包离线安装conntrack

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linux之yum下载rpm包离线安装conntrack

2023-09-10 11:46| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

如何下载rpm包，进行离线安装

文章目录前言一.yum下载rpm包离线安装方式方法一:使用yum 的 downloadonly 插件下载方法二:使用yumdownloader下载方法三:使用repotrack下载所有依赖二.下载conntrack-tools相关包1.获取依赖关系2.根据组织依赖下载包3.查看下载结果4.离线安装 rpm（未联网的环境也可以执行）5.测试

前言

通常生产环境由于安全原因都无法访问互联网。此时就需要进行离线安装，主要有两种方式：源码编译、rpm包安装。源码编译耗费时间长且缺乏编译环境，所以一般都选择使用离线 rpm 包安装。

一.yum下载rpm包离线安装方式

首先我们需要在可以上网的服务器上将需要安装软件的rpm离线包下载下来,然后拷贝到不能上网的服务器上安装。以下是几种下载的方法（联网的节点和生产环境的操作系统版本尽量接近，最好一致）

方法一:使用yum 的 downloadonly 插件下载 [root@iZbp1fy7y89tqjvmlp1dvhZ k8s]# yum install conntrack-tools --downloadonly --downloaddir=/opt/software/InstallPackages/conntrack-tools [root@iZbp1fy7y89tqjvmlp1dvhZ conntrack-tools]# ll total 268 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 191000 Apr 4 2020 conntrack-tools-1.4.4-7.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18400 Apr 4 2020 libnetfilter_cthelper-1.0.0-11.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18212 Apr 4 2020 libnetfilter_cttimeout-1.0.0-7.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23584 Aug 11 2017 libnetfilter_queue-1.0.2-2.el7_2.x86_64.rpm [root@iZbp1fy7y89tqjvmlp1dvhZ conntrack-tools]# ls |wc -l 4

使用yumdownloader、repotrack 这两个命令，必须先下载yum-utils才行。

[root@iZbp1fy7y89tqjvmlp1dvhZ k8s]# yum -y install yum-utils 方法二:使用yumdownloader下载

–resolve 下载依赖包 --destdir 指定下载目录

[root@iZbp1fy7y89tqjvmlp1dvhZ InstallPackages]# yumdownloader –resolve --destdir=/opt/software/InstallPackages/conntrack-tools conntrack-tools Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile No Match for argument –resolve conntrack-tools-1.4.4-7.el7.x86_64.rpm | 187 kB 00:00:00 [root@iZbp1fy7y89tqjvmlp1dvhZ conntrack-tools]# ll total 192 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 191000 Apr 4 2020 conntrack-tools-1.4.4-7.el7.x86_64.rpm [root@iZbp1fy7y89tqjvmlp1dvhZ conntrack-tools]# ls |wc -l 1 方法三:使用repotrack下载所有依赖 [root@iZbp1fy7y89tqjvmlp1dvhZ k8s]# repotrack conntrack-tools Downloading acl-2.2.51-15.el7.x86_64.rpm Downloading audit-libs-2.8.5-4.el7.x86_64.rpm ...... [root@iZbp1fy7y89tqjvmlp1dvhZ conntrack-tools]# ls acl-2.2.51-15.el7.x86_64.rpm libnetfilter_cthelper-1.0.0-11.el7.x86_64.rpm audit-libs-2.8.5-4.el7.x86_64.rpm libnfnetlink-1.0.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm autoconf-2.69-11.el7.noarch.rpm ... [root@iZbp1fy7y89tqjvmlp1dvhZ conntrack-tools]# ls |wc -l 182

区别：

yumdownloader解决了conntrack-tools的依赖包，但是无法解决依赖包的依赖包；

repotrack不仅解决了conntrack-tools的依赖包，还解决了依赖包和依赖包之间的关系；

二.下载conntrack-tools相关包

首先查看包依赖关系

1.获取依赖关系 [root@x conntrack-tools]# yum deplist conntrack-tools Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile package: conntrack-tools.x86_64 1.4.4-7.el7 dependency: /bin/sh provider: bash.x86_64 4.2.46-35.el7_9 dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.15)(64bit) provider: glibc.x86_64 2.17-325.el7_9 dependency: libdl.so.2()(64bit) provider: glibc.x86_64 2.17-325.el7_9 dependency: libdl.so.2(GLIBC_2.2.5)(64bit) provider: glibc.x86_64 2.17-325.el7_9 dependency: libmnl.so.0()(64bit) provider: libmnl.x86_64 1.0.3-7.el7 dependency: libmnl.so.0(LIBMNL_1.0)(64bit) provider: libmnl.x86_64 1.0.3-7.el7 dependency: libnetfilter_conntrack >= 1.0.6 provider: libnetfilter_conntrack.x86_64 1.0.6-1.el7_3 provider: libnetfilter_conntrack.i686 1.0.6-1.el7_3 dependency: libnetfilter_conntrack.so.3()(64bit) provider: libnetfilter_conntrack.x86_64 1.0.6-1.el7_3 dependency: libnetfilter_cthelper.so.0()(64bit) provider: libnetfilter_cthelper.x86_64 1.0.0-11.el7 dependency: libnetfilter_cthelper.so.0(LIBNETFILTER_CTHELPER_1.0)(64bit) provider: libnetfilter_cthelper.x86_64 1.0.0-11.el7 dependency: libnetfilter_cttimeout.so.1()(64bit) provider: libnetfilter_cttimeout.x86_64 1.0.0-7.el7 dependency: libnetfilter_cttimeout.so.1(LIBNETFILTER_CTTIMEOUT_1.0)(64bit) provider: libnetfilter_cttimeout.x86_64 1.0.0-7.el7 dependency: libnetfilter_cttimeout.so.1(LIBNETFILTER_CTTIMEOUT_1.1)(64bit) provider: libnetfilter_cttimeout.x86_64 1.0.0-7.el7 dependency: libnetfilter_queue.so.1()(64bit) provider: libnetfilter_queue.x86_64 1.0.2-2.el7_2 dependency: libnfnetlink.so.0()(64bit) provider: libnfnetlink.x86_64 1.0.1-4.el7 dependency: rtld(GNU_HASH) provider: glibc.x86_64 2.17-325.el7_9 provider: glibc.i686 2.17-325.el7_9 dependency: systemd provider: systemd.x86_64 219-78.el7_9.5

过滤

[root@x conntrack-tools]# yum deplist conntrack-tools |grep provider |cut -d : -f 2 |uniq bash.x86_64 4.2.46-35.el7_9 glibc.x86_64 2.17-325.el7_9 libmnl.x86_64 1.0.3-7.el7 libnetfilter_conntrack.x86_64 1.0.6-1.el7_3 libnetfilter_conntrack.i686 1.0.6-1.el7_3 libnetfilter_conntrack.x86_64 1.0.6-1.el7_3 libnetfilter_cthelper.x86_64 1.0.0-11.el7 libnetfilter_cttimeout.x86_64 1.0.0-7.el7 libnetfilter_queue.x86_64 1.0.2-2.el7_2 libnfnetlink.x86_64 1.0.1-4.el7 glibc.x86_64 2.17-325.el7_9 glibc.i686 2.17-325.el7_9 systemd.x86_64 219-78.el7_9.5 2.根据组织依赖下载包第一步先下载要安装的rpm包 [root@x conntrack-tools]# yumdownloader conntrack-tools 第二步直接下载依赖的rpm包 [root@x conntrack-tools]# for i in `yum deplist conntrack-tools |grep provider |cut -d : -f 2 |uniq` ; do yumdownloader $i ; done 3.查看下载结果 [root@x conntrack-tools]# ls bash-4.2.46-35.el7_9.x86_64.rpm libnetfilter_conntrack-1.0.6-1.el7_3.x86_64.rpm conntrack-tools-1.4.4-7.el7.x86_64.rpm libnetfilter_cthelper-1.0.0-11.el7.x86_64.rpm glibc-2.17-325.el7_9.i686.rpm libnetfilter_cttimeout-1.0.0-7.el7.x86_64.rpm glibc-2.17-325.el7_9.x86_64.rpm libnetfilter_queue-1.0.2-2.el7_2.x86_64.rpm libmnl-1.0.3-7.el7.x86_64.rpm libnfnetlink-1.0.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm libnetfilter_conntrack-1.0.6-1.el7_3.i686.rpm systemd-219-78.el7_9.5.x86_64.rpm [root@iZbp1fy7y89tqjvmlp1dvhZ conntrack-tools]# ls |wc -l 12 4.离线安装 rpm（未联网的环境也可以执行） [root@x conntrack-tools]# rpm -Uvh --force --nodeps *.rpm Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:glibc-2.17-325.el7_9 warning: /etc/nsswitch.conf created as /etc/nsswitch.conf.rpmnew ################################# [ 7%] 2:libmnl-1.0.3-7.el7 ################################# [ 13%] 3:libnfnetlink-1.0.1-4.el7 ################################# [ 20%] 4:bash-4.2.46-35.el7_9 ################################# [ 27%] 5:systemd-219-78.el7_9.5 ################################# [ 33%] 6:libnetfilter_conntrack-1.0.6-1.el################################# [ 40%] 7:libnetfilter_queue-1.0.2-2.el7_2 ################################# [ 47%] 8:libnetfilter_cthelper-1.0.0-11.el################################# [ 53%] 9:libnetfilter_cttimeout-1.0.0-7.el################################# [ 60%] 10:glibc-2.17-325.el7_9 ################################# [ 67%] 11:conntrack-tools-1.4.4-7.el7 ################################# [ 73%] 12:libnetfilter_conntrack-1.0.6-1.el################################# [ 80%] Cleaning up / removing... 13:systemd-219-62.el7_6.7 ################################# [ 87%] 14:bash-4.2.46-31.el7 ################################# [ 93%] 15:glibc-2.17-260.el7_6.6 ################################# [100%] 5.测试 [root@iZbp1fy7y89tqjvmlp1dvhZ conntrack-tools]# conntrack -L conntrack v1.4.4 (conntrack-tools): 0 flow entries have been shown. [root@iZbp1fy7y89tqjvmlp1dvhZ]# conntrack -L|grep 55888

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linux之yum下载rpm包离线安装conntrack

linux之yum下载rpm包离线安装conntrack

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