Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was previously recognized for its intestinal anti-inflammatory activities and it has been shown less abundant in patients with chronic intestinal diseases. However, the main problems encountered in the use of this interesting anaerobic microorganism are firstly its high sensitivity to the oxygen and secondly, its ability to reach the large intestine alive as targeted site. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of direct compression on the viability of this probiotic strain after different compression pressure and storage using three different excipients (MCC, HPMC and HPMCP). The effect of compression process on cell viability was studied and a strategy was proposed to improve probiotic viability. Results showed that cell viability decreased almost linearly with compression pressure. MCC and HPMC seemed the most favorable carriers and after storage, each tablet exhibited a survival above108 CFU. Storage stability was obtained with a pressure of 201 MPa after 28 days at 25 °C, in anaerobic condition and with 11% relative humidity. Compression after a pre-consolidated stage improved clearly the survival rate due to lower temperature increase and lower shearing force. Thus, direct compression seems to be suitable in producing probiotics tablets with extremely oxygen-sensitive strains, and could provide sufficient protection during storage to expect therapeutic efficiency.