windows编程

2024-06-19 11:35| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

代码：

#include //底层实现窗口的头文件 #include const TCHAR szWindowClass[] = L"第一个窗口"; const TCHAR szWindowTitle[] = L"时钟"; const int IDM_TOPMOST = 101; const int IDTIMER = 1; #define KEY_DOWN(vk_code)(GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code)&0x8000) //6.处理消息（窗口过程） //CALLBACK 代表__stdcall 指的是WinMain函数参数的传递顺序从右向左，依次入栈，并且在函数返回前清空堆栈 LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc( HWND hwnd, // 消息所属的窗口句柄 UINT Msg, //具体的消息名称 WM_XXX 消息名 WPARAM wParam, //键盘的附加消息 LPARAM lParam //鼠标的附加消息 ) { static HBRUSH hBrushRed; static BOOL bTopMost = FALSE;//是否最前端，默认是最前端 switch (Msg) { case WM_CREATE: { HMENU hSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(hwnd, FALSE); AppendMenu(hSysMenu, MF_SEPARATOR, 0, NULL); AppendMenu(hSysMenu, MF_STRING, IDM_TOPMOST, L"保持在其他窗口前端"); CheckMenuItem(hSysMenu, IDM_TOPMOST, MF_UNCHECKED); // HINSTANCE hInst = ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance; hBrushRed = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(255, 0, 0)); SetTimer(hwnd, IDTIMER, 1000, NULL); return 0; } case WM_TIMER: { switch (wParam) //判断定时器的ID { case IDTIMER: InvalidateRect(hwnd, NULL, TRUE); } return 0; } case WM_DESTROY: { KillTimer(hwnd, IDTIMER); PostQuitMessage(0); return 0; } case WM_CONTEXTMENU: { POINTS p = MAKEPOINTS(lParam); HMENU hSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(hwnd, FALSE); int nID = TrackPopupMenu(hSysMenu, TPM_LEFTALIGN | TPM_RETURNCMD, p.x, p.y, 0, hwnd, NULL); if (nID > 0) { SendMessage(hwnd, WM_SYSCOMMAND, nID, 0); } return 0; } case WM_SYSCOMMAND: { HMENU hSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(hwnd, FALSE); switch (wParam) { case IDM_TOPMOST: { bTopMost = !bTopMost; if (bTopMost) { CheckMenuItem(hSysMenu, IDM_TOPMOST, MF_CHECKED); SetWindowPos(hwnd, HWND_TOPMOST, 0, 0, 0, 0, SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOREDRAW | SWP_NOSIZE); } else { CheckMenuItem(hSysMenu, IDM_TOPMOST, MF_UNCHECKED); SetWindowPos(hwnd, HWND_NOTOPMOST, 0, 0, 0, 0, SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOREDRAW | SWP_NOSIZE); } break; } return DefWindowProc(hwnd, Msg, wParam, lParam); } } case WM_NCHITTEST: { LRESULT nHitTest = DefWindowProc(hwnd, Msg, wParam, lParam); if(nHitTest == HTCLIENT && KEY_DOWN(MK_LBUTTON)) nHitTest = HTCAPTION; return nHitTest; } case WM_PAINT: { PAINTSTRUCT ps; HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps); SelectObject(hdc, GetStockObject(NULL_PEN)); SelectObject(hdc, hBrushRed); SYSTEMTIME t; // GetLocalTime(&t);//获取系统时间 TCHAR str[20]; //_stprintf(str, L"%d:%d:%d", t.wHour, t.wMinute, t.wSecond); swprintf_s(str, L"%d:%d:%d", t.wHour, t.wMinute, t.wSecond); RECT r; GetClientRect(hwnd, &r);//获取客户区的矩形 //单行，垂直居中，水平输出字符串 DrawText(hdc,str,-1,&r,DT_SINGLELINE|DT_CENTER|DT_VCENTER); EndPaint(hwnd, &ps); return 0; } default: return DefWindowProc(hwnd, Msg, wParam, lParam); } } //程序的入门函数 /* WINAPI：代表__stdcall 指的是WinMain函数参数的传递顺序从右向左，依次入栈，并且在函数返回前清空堆栈 */ int WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance, //应用程序的实例句柄 HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,//上一个应用程序句柄，在 win32 环境下，一般为NULL，不起作用了 LPSTR lpCmdLine, //char * argv[] int nCmdShow) //窗口的显示方式：最大化、最小化、正常 { //1.设计窗口 WNDCLASS wc = {0}; wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH); //设置背景 wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_HAND);//设置光标,第一个参数为NULL表示使用系统提供的光标 wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_ERROR);//图标 wc.hInstance = hInstance;//应用程序的实例句柄，传入winmain中的形参即可 wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;//回调函数窗口过程 wc.lpszClassName = szWindowClass;//窗口类名称 wc.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单名称 wc.style = 0;//显示风格，最大化、最小化、正常 //2.注册窗口 RegisterClass(&wc); HWND hwnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szWindowTitle, WS_POPUP | WS_BORDER | WS_SYSMENU, 200, 200, 200, 100, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL); if (!hwnd) return FALSE; //4.显示和更新 ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_SHOWNORMAL); UpdateWindow(hwnd); MSG msg; while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } return msg.wParam; }

运行结果：在这里插入图片描述总结和分析：

添加#include头文件：底层实现窗口的头文件，和 #include：是一个在TCHAR.h里面，目的是为了简化代码方便国际使用。全局区 const TCHAR szWindowClass[] = L"第一个窗口"; const TCHAR szWindowTitle[] = L"时钟"; const int IDM_TOPMOST = 101;保证菜单在其他窗口的前面 const int IDTIMER = 1;///定时器的ID #define KEY_DOWN(vk_code)(GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code)&0x8000)//判断是否按下的宏

关于KEYDOWN(VK_CODE)

用于消息处理的回调函数 LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc( HWND hwnd, // 消息所属的窗口句柄 UINT Msg, //具体的消息名称 WM_XXX 消息名 WPARAM wParam, //键盘的附加消息 LPARAM lParam //鼠标的附加消息 ) { //static HBRUSH hBrushRed; static BOOL bTopMost = FALSE;//是否最前端，默认是最前端 switch (Msg) { case WM_CREATE: // 应用程序创建一个窗口创建窗口的消息 { HMENU hSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(hwnd, FALSE); AppendMenu(hSysMenu, MF_SEPARATOR, 0, NULL); AppendMenu(hSysMenu, MF_STRING, IDM_TOPMOST, L"保持在其他窗口前端"); CheckMenuItem(hSysMenu, IDM_TOPMOST, MF_UNCHECKED); // HINSTANCE hInst = ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance; hBrushRed = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(255, 0, 0)); SetTimer(hwnd, IDTIMER, 1000, NULL); return 0; } case WM_TIMER: //定时器的消息 { switch (wParam) //判断定时器的ID { case IDTIMER: InvalidateRect(hwnd, NULL, TRUE); } return 0; } case WM_DESTROY: //窗口销毁的VM消息 { KillTimer(hwnd, IDTIMER); PostQuitMessage(0); return 0; } case WM_CONTEXTMENU: { POINTS p = MAKEPOINTS(lParam); HMENU hSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(hwnd, FALSE); int nID = TrackPopupMenu(hSysMenu, TPM_LEFTALIGN | TPM_RETURNCMD, p.x, p.y, 0, hwnd, NULL); if (nID > 0) { SendMessage(hwnd, WM_SYSCOMMAND, nID, 0); } return 0; } case WM_SYSCOMMAND: { HMENU hSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(hwnd, FALSE); switch (wParam) { case IDM_TOPMOST: { bTopMost = !bTopMost; if (bTopMost) { CheckMenuItem(hSysMenu, IDM_TOPMOST, MF_CHECKED); SetWindowPos(hwnd, HWND_TOPMOST, 0, 0, 0, 0, SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOREDRAW | SWP_NOSIZE); } else { CheckMenuItem(hSysMenu, IDM_TOPMOST, MF_UNCHECKED); SetWindowPos(hwnd, HWND_NOTOPMOST, 0, 0, 0, 0, SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOREDRAW | SWP_NOSIZE); } break; } return DefWindowProc(hwnd, Msg, wParam, lParam); } } case WM_NCHITTEST: { LRESULT nHitTest = DefWindowProc(hwnd, Msg, wParam, lParam); if(nHitTest == HTCLIENT && KEY_DOWN(MK_LBUTTON)) nHitTest = HTCAPTION; return nHitTest; } case WM_PAINT: // 要求一个窗口重画自己 { PAINTSTRUCT ps;// HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps); // SelectObject(hdc, GetStockObject(NULL_PEN)); //SelectObject(hdc, hBrushRed); SYSTEMTIME t;//系统时间变量 GetLocalTime(&t);//获取系统时间 TCHAR str[20]; //_stprintf(str, L"%d:%d:%d", t.wHour, t.wMinute, t.wSecond); swprintf_s(str, L"%d:%d:%d", t.wHour, t.wMinute, t.wSecond); RECT r; GetClientRect(hwnd, &r);//获取客户区的矩形 //单行，垂直居中，水平输出字符串 DrawText(hdc,str,-1,&r,DT_SINGLELINE|DT_CENTER|DT_VCENTER); EndPaint(hwnd, &ps); return 0; } default: return DefWindowProc(hwnd, Msg, wParam, lParam); } }

/typedef struct _SYSTEMTIME { WORD wYear; WORD wMonth; WORD wDayOfWeek; WORD wDay; WORD wHour; WORD wMinute; WORD wSecond; WORD wMilliseconds; } SYSTEMTIME;/

【本文地址】

windows编程

windows编程

今日新闻

推荐新闻