癌细胞的化学抗性是治疗癌症的主要问题。了解癌细胞如何死亡或如何抵抗癌症药物对于提供某些克服肿瘤对治疗的抵抗力的策略至关重要。紫杉醇被称为一种化疗药物，可以通过诱导细胞周期停滞和诱导有丝分裂灾难来抑制癌细胞的增殖。然而，今天，众所周知，紫杉醇可以在癌症中诱导多种细胞死亡。除了诱导有丝分裂期间发生的有丝分裂灾难外，紫杉醇已被证明可诱导几种促凋亡介质的表达。它还可以调节抗凋亡介质的活性。然而，某些细胞杀伤机制，如衰老和自噬，会增加对紫杉醇的耐药性。本综述重点研究紫杉醇治疗后细胞死亡的机制，包括细胞凋亡、有丝分裂突变、衰老、自噬性细胞死亡、细胞焦亡等。此外，还将讨论因暴露于紫杉醇引起的细胞死亡抗性机制以及克服药物抗性的联合用药。

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Chemoresistance of cancer cells is a major problem in treating cancer. Knowledge of how cancer cells may die or resist cancer drugs is critical to providing certain strategies to overcome tumour resistance to treatment. Paclitaxel is known as a chemotherapy drug that can suppress the proliferation of cancer cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and induction of mitotic catastrophe. However, today, it is well known that paclitaxel can induce multiple kinds of cell death in cancers. Besides the induction of mitotic catastrophe that occurs during mitosis, paclitaxel has been shown to induce the expression of several pro-apoptosis mediators. It also can modulate the activity of anti-apoptosis mediators. However, certain cell-killing mechanisms such as senescence and autophagy can increase resistance to paclitaxel. This review focuses on the mechanisms of cell death, including apoptosis, mitotic catastrophe, senescence, autophagic cell death, pyroptosis, etc., following paclitaxel treatment. In addition, mechanisms of resistance to cell death due to exposure to paclitaxel and the use of combinations to overcome drug resistance will be discussed.