从炔烃出发合成醛的反应主要有加成-氧化反应。相对来说从炔烃出发合成酮的反应较多，具有适用价值的反应主要有氧化反应（包括加成-氧化反应）、加成-水解反应、加成-还原反应、加成-烷基化，酰化等反应。

1、由加成- 氧化反应合成醛酮

炔烃通过硼氢化作用，继经氧化，可以得到相应的醛酮。

2、由氧化反应合成酮

     炔烃可以通过氧化反应合成 1，2-二酮，氧化剂主要有 RuO 2 •H 2 O-NaIO 4 ，KMnO 4 ，OsO 4 -KClO 3 ，RuCl 2 （PPh 3 ） 3 -PhIO，RuO 2 -NaClO，Ti（NO 3 ） 3 -HClO 4 ，Hg（CH 3 CO 2 ）2 -H 2 O 2 -Na 2 WO 4 ，O 3 -Ph 3 P 等。

3、由加成-水解反应合成酮

     由炔的加成-水解反应合成酮 HgO-H2SO4 法、HgO-NaFion-H 法、C6H5HgOH 法等。另外将α-炔醇和 85%甲酸，固体超强酸，H 2 SO 4 进行反应，可得乙烯基酮。

由加成- 水解反应合成酮示例：

     In a 1-l. three-necked round-bottomed flask, equipped with a sealed stirrer, a reflux condenser, a thermometer, and a dropping funnel, is dissolved 5 g. of mercuric oxide in a solution of 8 ml. of concentrated sulfuric acid and 190 ml. of water. The solution is warmed to 60°, and 49.7 g. (0.40 mole) of 1-ethynylcyclohexanol is added dropwise over a period of 1.5 hours. After the addition has been completed, the reaction mixture is stirred at 60° for an additional 10 minutes and allowed to cool. The green organic layer which settles is taken up in 150 ml. of ether, and the aqueous layer is extracted with four 50-ml. portions of ether. The combined ethereal extracts are washed with 100 ml. of saturated sodium chloride solution and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The drying agent is removed, the ether is evaporated, and the residue is distilled under reduced pressure through a 15-cm. column packed with glass helices. The 1-acetylcyclohexanol is collected at 92–94°/15 mm. as a colorless liquid, n 25 D 1.4670, d 25 4 1.0248. The yield is 37–38 g. (65–67%).

4、由加成- 还原反应合成酮

   炔烃和腈氧化物或硝酮反应，生成异恶唑或异恶唑啉，再瑞尼镍或 H 2 /PtO 3 还原得烯胺基酮。

5、由加成-烷基化，酰化等反应合成酮

     利用硼氢化和随后的转位反应，向烯烃或炔烃骨架引入相当于羰基的取代基，再经氧化或水解反应即可合成酮。