Prometheus 监控之 Blackbox |
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Prometheus 监控之 Blackbox
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Blackbox_exporter 主动监测主机与服务状态
Prometheus 官方提供的 exporter 之一，可以提供 http、dns、tcp、icmp 的监控数据采集 官方github: https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter 部署Blackbox_exporter [sss@prometheus01 ]$ cd /usr/local/blackbox_exporter/ [sss@prometheus01 ]$ wget https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/releases/download/v0.12.0/blackbox_exporter-0.12.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz [sss@prometheus01 ]$ tar zxvf blackbox_exporter-0.12.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz [sss@prometheus01 blackbox_exporter-0.12.0.linux-amd64]$ cd blackbox_exporter-0.12.0.linux-amd64 [sss@prometheus01 blackbox_exporter-0.12.0.linux-amd64]$ ll total 15720 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1000 1000 16074005 Feb 27 2018 blackbox_exporter -rw-rw-r--. 1 1000 1000 932 Nov 21 16:05 blackbox.yml -rw-rw-r--. 1 1000 1000 11357 Feb 27 2018 LICENSE -rw-rw-r--. 1 1000 1000 94 Feb 27 2018 NOTICE [sss@prometheus01 blackbox_exporter-0.12.0.linux-amd64]$cp -r blackbox_exporter /usr/local/bin [sss@prometheus01 blackbox_exporter-0.12.0.linux-amd64]$ cat /etc/supervisord.conf|grep blackbox -A 20 [program:blackbox_exporter] command=/usr/local/bin/blackbox_exporter --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/blackbox_exporter-0.12.0.linux-amd64/blackbox.yml stdout_logfile=/tmp/prometheus/blackbox_exporter.log autostart=true autorestart=true startsecs=5 priority=1 user=root stopasgroup=true killasgroup=true [sss@prometheus01 blackbox_exporter-0.12.0.linux-amd64]$ supervisorctl status |grep blackbox blackbox_exporter RUNNING pid 25343, uptime 0:19:25 blackbox.yml 文件 通过 blackbox.yml 定义模块详细信息在 Prometheus 配置文件中引用该模块以及配置被监控目标主机 modules: http_2xx: prober: http timeout: 10s http: preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4" ##如果http监测是使用ipv4 就要写上，目前国内使用ipv6很少。 http_post_2xx_query: ##用于post请求使用的模块）由于每个接口传参不同 可以定义多个module 用于不同接口（例如此命名为http_post_2xx_query 用于监测query.action接口 prober: http timeout: 15s http: preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4" ##使用ipv4 method: POST headers: Content-Type: application/json ##header头 body: '{"hmac":"","params":{"publicFundsKeyWords":"xxx"}}' ##传参 tcp_connect: prober: tcp pop3s_banner: prober: tcp tcp: query_response: - expect: "^+OK" tls: true tls_config: insecure_skip_verify: false ssh_banner: prober: tcp tcp: query_response: - expect: "^SSH-2.0-" irc_banner: prober: tcp tcp: query_response: - send: "NICK prober" - send: "USER prober prober prober :prober" - expect: "PING :([^ ]+)" send: "PONG ${1}" - expect: "^:[^ ]+ 001" icmp: prober: icmp timeout: 5s icmp: Blackbox_exporter 应用场景 HTTP 测试 定义 Request Header 信息 判断 Http status / Http Respones Header / Http Body 内容TCP 测试 业务组件端口状态监听 应用层协议定义与监听ICMP 测试 主机探活机制POST 测试 接口联通性SSL 证书过期时间 HTTP 测试 相关代码块添加到 Prometheus 文件内对应 blackbox.yml文件的 http_2xx 模块 - job_name: 'blackbox_http_2xx' scrape_interval: 45s metrics_path: /probe params: module: [http_2xx] # Look for a HTTP 200 response. static_configs: - targets: - https://www.baidu.com/ - 172.0.0.1:9090 relabel_configs: - source_labels: [__address__] target_label: __param_target - source_labels: [__param_target] target_label: instance - target_label: __address__ replacement: 10.XXX.XX.XX:9115 # The blackbox exporter's real hostname:port.http截图 tcp_connect截图 icmp截图 POST截图 类似于 curl http://172.16.10.65:9115/probe?target=prometheus.io&module=http_2xx&debug=true 告警应用测试icmp、tcp、http、post 监测是否正常可以观察probe_success 这一指标 probe_success == 0 ##联通性异常 probe_success == 1 ##联通性正常 告警也是判断这个指标是否等于0，如等于0 则触发异常报警 [sss@prometheus01 prometheus]$ cat rules/blackbox-alert.rules groups: - name: blackbox_network_stats rules: - alert: blackbox_network_stats expr: probe_success == 0 for: 1m labels: severity: critical annotations: summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} is down" description: "This requires immediate action!"
参考：https://www.tidb.cc/Monitor/170603-Blackbox_exporter.html#告警测试案例 SSL 证书过期时间监测 cat |
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