An interactive web-based version of the periodic table found pinned to the wall of every school chemistry lab.

互动式基于网络的元素周期表版本固定在每个学校化学实验室的墙上。

The periodic table shows various pieces of information on each element, or type of atom. The information is tightly packed and often difficult to read and understand so I decided to develop an interactive web-based version in JavaScript which is easier to use and comprehend than a static paper version.

元素周期表显示有关每个元素或原子类型的各种信息。 信息包装紧凑，通常难以阅读和理解，因此我决定使用JavaScript开发一个基于Web的交互式版本，该版本比静态纸质版本更易于使用和理解。

I don’t want to spend a huge amount of time to explaining the principles behind the periodic table — while researching this project I found several large books devoted to the topic, so I will just give a brief overview, including details of the data I have included.

我不想花费大量时间来解释元素周期表背后的原理-在研究该项目时，我发现了几本专门讨论该主题的大书，因此，我仅作简要概述，包括我所用数据的详细信息已包括在内。

If you look at the atom in the banner above you will notice that it has three red spheres at the centre. To use the correct terminology it has three protons in its nucleus, which means that it is a lithium atom. It also has four blue spheres or neutrons but the same number of electrons, the grey spheres orbiting the nucleus. For any given atom of a particular element the number of neutrons and electrons can vary but the number of protons is what defines it as being of a particular element. The number of protons can only be changed using a large amount of energy: nuclear fission or “splitting the atom” gives two or more smaller atoms of different elements, and fusion or joining nuclei combines two or more atoms into one of a different element.

如果您看一下上面横幅中的原子，您会注意到它的中心有三个红色球体。 为了使用正确的术语，它的核中有三个质子，这意味着它是一个锂原子。 它也有四个蓝色球体或中子，但电子数量相同，灰色球体环绕原子核。 对于特定元素的任何给定原子，中子和电子的数量可以变化，但是质子的数量将其定义为特定元素。 质子的数量只能使用大量能量来改变：核裂变或“分裂原子”产生两个或更多个不同元素的较小原子，而聚变或连接核将两个或更多个原子组合成一个不同元素中的一个。

The periodic table shows each element in a coloured square with, amongst other things, the atomic number or number of protons in the nucleus.

元素周期表以彩色正方形显示每个元素，其中除其他外还包括原子序数或原子核中的质子数。

These are the properties of each element shown on my version of the periodic table.

这些是元素周期表上显示的每个元素的属性。

Name — the full name of the element. Some are familiar like gold while others are obscure like oganesson, but as only five or six oganesson atoms have ever been detected it is hardly a household name.

名称 -元素的全名。 有些像金一样熟悉，而另一些像oganesson一样晦涩难懂，但是由于迄今只检测到5或6个oganesson原子，所以这几乎不是家喻户晓的名字。

Atomic number — As I mentioned above this is the number of protons in the nucleus, for example the atomic number of lithium is 3, as shown by the red spheres in the header graphic.

原子数 —正如我上面提到的，这是原子核中的质子数，例如，锂的原子数为3，如标题图中的红色球体所示。

Symbol — a short one or two letter symbol. Some are dervived from the name such as Co for cobalt, others from another language such as Pb for lead, from plumbum, the Latin for lead.

符号 -简短的一两个字母符号。 有些源自钴的名称，如Co代表钴，其他源自另一种语言，如Pb代表铅，铅源自铅，拉丁语代表铅。

Atomic weight — a complex concept that could form a chapter of a book, or even an entire book! In short it is the mass of a sample of the element relative to a sample of carbon-12 (carbon atoms with the same number of neutrons as protons). This is weighted to allow for different atoms of an element to have different numbers of neutrons. Even carbon itself does not have an atomic weight of 12; it is actually 12.011. This is because heavier isotopes of carbon also exist, and you may have heard of carbon-14 used in archaeology to date organic matter.

原子量 -一个复杂的概念，可能构成一本书的一章，甚至整本书！ 简而言之，它是元素样品相对于碳12(碳原子的中子数与质子数相同)样品的质量。 对其加权以允许元素的不同原子具有不同数量的中子。 即使碳本身也不具有12的原子量。 它实际上是12.011。 这是因为还存在更重的碳同位素，并且您可能听说过考古学中使用的碳14迄今仍是有机物。

Category — elements are categorised as metals, metalloids and nonmetals. These are split into nine subcategories (plus unknown) which are shown as different colours on the periodic table.

类别 -元素分为金属，准金属和非金属。 这些被分为九个子类别(加上未知)，在周期表中显示为不同的颜色。

Group — there are 18 groups, represented on the periodic table by numbered columns, although a few also have a name. Elements in each group have similar chemical properties.

组 -有18个组，在周期表中用编号的列表示，尽管也有一些名称。 每组中的元素具有相似的化学性质。

Period — generally these are represented by the 7 rows although in the conventional table a large number of elements are pushed out of their proper place into two extra rows at the bottom. The electrons orbiting nucleii do so in “shells” or layers; all elements in a particular period have the same number of shells.

周期 -通常由7行表示，尽管在常规表中，大量元素从其适当位置推出到底部的另外两个行中。 绕原子核运行的电子是在“壳”或层中移动的。 特定时期内的所有元素的壳数均相同。

Block — in a piece of text borrowed from Wikipedia “Specific regions of the periodic table can be referred to as blocks in recognition of the sequence in which the electron shells of the elements are filled. Each block is named according to the subshell in which the “last” electron notionally resides.” As with categories, blocks are shown by colour and it is therefore not possible to show both at once. My implementation defaults to showing category colours but with the option to show block colours.

块 -在从Wikipedia借来的一段文本中， “元素周期表的特定区域可以识别为块，以识别元素电子壳的填充顺序。 每个块均根据子壳来命名，在子壳中，“最后一个”电子名义上存在。 与类别一样，块用颜色显示，因此无法一次显示两者。 我的实现默认为显示类别颜色，但可以选择显示块颜色。

State of matter — at 0