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翻译米深度干货
译员们笔下的符号虽然千奇百怪 但大部分都是在前辈们的基础上 结合自己的习惯、个性改造而成的 so ~从零开始 不如省力地“站在巨人的肩膀上” 一起来看看翻译必备的口译速记符号吧 注记符号和缩写 Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references. S = sum f = frequency Leave out periods in standard abbreviations. cf = compare e.g. = example dept = department Use only the first syllable of a word. pol = politics dem = democracy lib = liberal cap = capitalism Use entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable. pres = presentation subj = subject ind = individual cons = conservative Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation. assoc = associate biol = biology info = information ach = achievement chem = chemistry max = maximum intro = introduction conc = concentration min = minimum rep = repetition Omit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word. ppd = prepared prblm = problem estmt = estimate bkgd = background gvt = government Use an apostrophe in place of letters. am't = amount cont'd = continued gov't = government educat'l = educational Form the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s. chpts = chapters egs = examples fs = frequencies intros = introductions Use g to represent ing endings. ckg = checking estg = establishing decrg = decreasing exptg = experimenting Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words. & = and w/ = with w/o = without vs = against \ = therefore = = is or equal Use technical symbols where applicable. o = degrees H2O = water More reference: Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples: + plus // parallel Use only the first syllable of a word. Examples: mar —— marketing cus —— customer cli —— client Use the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples: subj —— subject budg —— budget ind —— individual To distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples: tech'gy ——technology gen'ion—— generalisation del'y ——delivery Use just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples: assoc ——associated ach ——achievement info—— information Omit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples: bkgd—— background mvmt ——movement prblm—— problem Spell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples: in but as key Use symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples: @ —— at 2 —— to 4—— for & —— and w/—— with w/o —— without vs —— against Other Symbols and Abbreviations as a result of / consequences of resulting in ---> and / also + equal to / same as = following ff most importantly * less than especially esp/ 常用英语缩略词表 缩略词 —— 原词 APT —— Apartment ACC —— Accountant ACDG —— According ACPT —— Accept AD —— Advertisement ADS —— Address ADV —— Advice AMAP —— As much/many as possible AMT —— Amount APV —— Approve ASAP —— As soon as possible BAL —— Balance BLDG —— Building CERT —— Certificate CFM —— Conform CNCL —— Cancel CNF —— Conference CMI —— Commission CMP —— Complete CMPE —— Compete/competitive CMU —— Communication COND —— Condition CO. —— Company DEPT —— Department DISC —— Discount DPT —— Departure EXCH —— Exchange EXPLN —— Explain EXT —— Extent FLT —— Flight FNT—— Final FRT —— Freight FYR—— For your reference GD —— Good GUAR —— Guarantee H.O. —— Home office INFO —— Information IMPS —— Impossible IMP(T) —— Important INCD —— Include INDIV —— Individual INS —— Insurance INTST —— Interested I/O —— In stead of IOU —— I owe you IVO —— In view of MANUF —— Manufacture MDL —— Model MEMO —— Memorandum MGR —— Manger MIN —— Minimum MKT —— Market MSG —— Message NCRY —— Necessary NLT —— No later than OBS —— Observe OBT —— Obtain ORD —— Ordinary PAT—— Patent PC —— Piece PKG —— Packing PL —— People PLS —— Please POSN —— Position POSS(BL) —— Possible PROD —— Product QLTY —— Quality QUTY —— Quantity RCV —— Receive REF —— Reference REGL —— Regular REP —— Representative RESN —— Reservation RPT —— Repeat RESPON —— Responsible SEC —— Section SITN —— Situation STD —— Standard TEL —— Telephone TEMP —— Temporary TGM —— Telegraph THO —— Though TKS —— Thanks TRD —— Trade TRF —— Traffic TTL —— Total U —— You UR —— Your WK —— Week WL —— Will WT —— Weight XL —— Extra large 字母和图像 Z表示"人"people/person,因为"Z"看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。 例如:日本人:JZ。 C表示政府,统治:government,govern 希腊字母C 读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C来表示govern, government。 governmental official 可以表示为 CZ P表示政治:politics, political 希腊字母P 读/pai/,近似politics, political。 那么politician 就可以表示为 PZ E表示总数:total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。 G表示效率:efficient, effective。G 为效率符号。 Q表示"通货膨胀":inflation 因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。 A表示农业: agriculture. agriculture 经常用到,所以用首字母代替。 B表示商业:business。 C× 表示冲突,矛盾:conflict, confrontation "C×"中的"×"表示反对,字母"C"将反对的概念缩小为conflict 和 confrontation。 W表示工作,职业: work, employ 等。它是work 的第一个字母。所以WZ 就可以用来表示worker, 而W(Z 在字母上方表示employer, 在字母下方表示employee)。 i表示工业: industry, industrial 字母i 像只烟囱,所以用来可以用来表示工业。 UU看酷似一个酒杯,在笔记中表示合同、协议(treaty, agreement)一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示"举杯祝贺"。如果在U 内填入2××××,就可以表示为bilateral(双边的),填入3 表示为trilateral(三边的)。填入在U 中填入1 表示: Unilateralism(单边主义),填入m(multiple) 表示多边主义。如果在U 上加一个"/"××××表示谈判破裂。 O表示"国家"、"民族"、"领土"等:country, state, nation, etc.gO 表示进口,Og 表示出口 C这个符号酷似一把椅子,可以表示主持、主办:chair, host, preside over
Z表示主席,主持人:chairman, host, etc. T表示"领导人":leader, head 那么head of government, head of company 便可以表示为 CT ⊙ 圆圈表示一个圆桌,中间一点表示一盆花,这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等:meeting,conference, negotiation,seminar,discussion,symposium k这个符号看上像条鱼,所以表示"捕鱼业"等合fishery 有关的词汇。 O圆圈代表地球,横线表示赤道,所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等: international, worldwide, global, universal, etc. J表示开心:pleasant, joyful,happy,excited, etc. 数字符号、标点符号 数学符号
+表示"多": many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc. ++(+2) 表示"多"的比较级:more +3 表示"多"的最高级:most -表示"少": little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc. ×表示"错误"、"失误"和"坏"的概念:wrong/incorrect,something bad,notorious,negative, etc. >表示"多于"概念: bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc. 表示"高" 概念:superior to,surpass, etc. |
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