2019(第31)届韩素音国际翻译大赛成果展示2

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2019(第31)届韩素音国际翻译大赛成果展示2

2024-07-12 17:23| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

汉译外竞赛原文:

什么限制了想象力?

鲁迅曾讲过一个笑话:大热天的正午,一个农妇做事做得很辛苦,忽而叹道:“皇后娘娘真不知道多么快活。这时还不是在床上睡午觉,醒过来的时候,就叫道:‘太监,拿个柿饼来!’”这就是所谓“贫困限制了想象力”,含辛茹苦,没见过世面的山乡农妇,就是绞尽脑汁,也只能把皇后的幸福生活想到这个高度。

记不得是哪个小品,扮演穷汉的演员一脸羡慕地憧憬着富人的日子,说:“等将来咱有了钱,就天天喝豆浆吃油条,想蘸白糖蘸白糖,想蘸红糖蘸红糖。豆浆买两碗,喝一碗,倒一碗!”贫困卑微限制了他的想象力,他无从知道富人生活要远比这精彩奢华得多。

其实,不仅贫困会限制想象力,豪富同样也会限制想象力。从小锦衣玉食,在蜜罐里长大的贾宝玉,根本就不知道穷人是咋过日子的,他去探视卧病在家的晴雯,看到满屋子破破烂烂,家徒四壁,脏得要命,连个坐的地方也没有,让他大吃一惊也大开眼界。这也就是迅翁说的那句名言:“煤油大王哪会知道北京捡煤渣老婆子身受的酸辛。”

高高在上,也会限制人们的想象力。最典型的自然是晋惠帝的“何不食肉糜”,生在深宫,享尽荣华富贵的晋惠帝,能问出这样流传千古的奇葩问题,一点也不奇怪,当然他也有点弱智。但即使精明博学如乾隆皇帝,因久居深宫,对民间生活不甚了了,对海外世界更是一抹黑,照样受困于想象力的贫乏,不仅屡被下臣蒙蔽却不自知,也无法相信海外发生的科学经济巨变,错失了与世界接轨的大好时机。

道理很简单,存在决定意识,对客观世界的认知条件决定一个人的思想深度、高度、广度,而每个人都会囿于一定空间,局限于一定条件,其想象力生发的基础也不同,想象力的发挥也大相径庭。曹雪芹能写出《红楼梦》,是因为他曾经有过这样的豪富生活,知道什么叫烈火烹油,骄奢淫逸,再加上丰富的想象力,天才的创造力,于是就有了这部巨著的横空出世,辉耀古今。而这样的题材,蒲松龄、吴承恩、施耐庵是无法驾驭的,不是才气使然,而是缺乏想象力的必要基础。

要破解想象力受限的怪圈,别无他法,关键就是一句话:实践出真知。见多识广的人,肯定要比孤陋寡闻的人想象力丰富得多;常接地气的人,肯定要比闭门造车的人想象力丰富得多;博览群书的人,肯定要比不学无术的人想象力丰富得多。因而,要使我们的想象力少受限制,就只有读万卷书,行万里路。

相比较而言,穷人、富人的想象力受困,都是其个人私事,可能会影响其生活质量或发财速度。而官员领导的想象力受限,则会影响一个部门、地区属下百姓的发展前途与幸福指数,譬如决策失误,瞎乱指挥;心血来潮,自以为是;因循守旧,不求进取,其中都有想象力受困的因素。化解之策,就是要跳出文山会海,多下来走走,勤深入基层,听听群众呼声,了解百姓疾苦,自然会开阔思路,想象力丰富,进而谋划合理,决策科学,措施得力,政绩扎实。

什么限制了我们的想象力?多思考一下这个问题很有好处。

What’s Imagination Limited by? There was once a joke told by Lu Xun: On a scorching high noon, a peasant woman, toiling all along, gave a deep sigh, “Can’t ever imagine how joyous our Queen must be. Right now, she is just napping in her bed, and when she wakes up, she just calls: ‘Fetch me a persimmon cake, Courtier!’” This is what is termed “poverty limiting imagination.” The imagination of an assiduous country woman who knows nothing about the ways of the outside world can only go this far about the boundary for the lavish life of the Queen even if she drains her brains. In one comic opera, whose name I can’t remember, the actor playing a poor man yearns for a life of the haves, enviously admiring: “When I make a fortune in the future, I would be relishing soy-bean milk and fried dough sticks day after day. I could have my own way of sugar-dipping – white or brown; and I would buy two bowls of soy-bean milk, one for me to drink, the other to pour!” Poverty and humbleness have restricted his imagination. How could he ever know the extravagant life of the rich can go well beyond this? In actual fact, imagination is not only restricted by poverty; extraordinary affluence does just the same. Jia Baoyu in the Chinese classic, A Dream of the Red Mansion, the dandy born with a silver spoon in the mouth and growing up in endless blessings, has no clue at all about how the poor manage to eke out a living, and is well astounded and taught a good lesson when he visits Qing Wen his maid who is sick at home. The dilapidation and messiness of her house allow not a single spot decent enough for him to be seated; much less is there any furniture. Just as Lu Xun once observed, “How could a kerosene magnate ever understand the sufferings of a cinder collector?” Living high up the social ladder is another imitation on imagination. Emperor Hui of the Jin Dynasty makes a classic with his famous inquisition of why the starving peasants did not satisfy their hunger with meat porridge. Having been soaked in endless glory and wealth in his exclusive royal palace, he naturally would have asked such a bizarre question as would have been passed on through the ages. He was sure a little bit slow witted. However, a judicious and well-learned emperor like Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, due to his long seclusion in the palace, should also have had his imagination restricted, knowing little about the life of common folks and absolutely having his eyes veiled from the outside world. Not only was he unaware of the swindles of his courtiers, he was not ready to accept the radical scientific and economic achievements beyond the border, invaluable opportunities to get connected to the world pitifully missed. Simple enough, what one has determines how he thinks; cognition of the world decides various dimensions of the thought. Everyone is restricted by their particular sphere and condition, their imagination founded on different bases and functioning in considerably varying ways. Cao Xueqin, having once lived in extreme affluence with no end to extravagance, with his rich imagination and genius creativity, was the only writer capable of authoring the novel of A Dream of the Red Mansion, a novel roaring into existence and shining all through history. A similar theme is beyond what Pu Songling, Wu Cheng’en and Shi Nai’an could handle, for no reasons about talents, but because of the lack of indispensable foundation for their imagination. Genuine knowledge comes from practice. The axiom provides the only way to help jump out of the vicious circle restricting imagination. With regard imagination, a well-informed person surely exceeds an ill-informed one; one who knows common people well beats one shut behind closed doors; and extensive readers surpass people not learning yet ignorant. Therefore, for our imagination to break free as much as possible of restrictions, we can only gain knowledge by means of reading countless books and travelling endless miles. Comparatively, imagination of any individual being trapped, regardless of their economic status, is just a private affair, affecting maybe only their personal well-being and how fast they make money. However, limited imagination of officials could surely affect the future and well-being of common people of certain departments or areas, which can be found for example in wrong decisions and confused directions, whimsical ideas due to self-complacency, and following existing examples aspiring to no progress, all originating from limited imagination. The solution is jumping out of the vast ocean of files and conferences to get close to ordinary people to listen to their cries and complaints. This will naturally result in broadened vision, enriched imagination, and further to reasonable schemes, scientific decisions and effective policies, which lead to concrete administrative achievements. What limits our imagination? Frequent consideration of the issue considerably benefits. 展开全文

关于“韩素音国际翻译大赛”赛事说明

韩素音(HanSuyin,1916.9.12--2012.11.2),本名周光瑚,著名英籍华人女作家。曾先后在燕京大学和比利时布鲁塞尔大学就读。

1952年,她的自传体小说《瑰宝》在西方世界引起轰动,奠定了她在国际文坛上的地位。1956年,好莱坞据此改变的电影《生死恋》获三项奥斯卡奖。韩素音的作品几乎都与中国相依相恋。她多次会见和采访中国国家领导人,并写下一系列关于中国问题的专访和纪实作品。

1980年代以来,韩素音的作品陆续被翻译介绍到国内,如自传《伤残的树》、《无鸟的夏天》、《凋谢的花朵》、《吾宅双门》、《再生凤凰》,小说《青山青》、《等到早晨来临》、《迷人的城市》及传记《周恩来的世纪》、《早晨的洪流:毛泽东与中国革命》等。

1989年3月,韩素音女士访华期间,与《中国翻译》杂志主编叶君健在京见面。韩素音女士一直非常支持中国的翻译事业,了解到《中国翻译》编辑部1986年开始年年举办的“青年有奖翻译比赛”后,表示愿意提供赞助基金使这项活动更好地开展下去。《中国翻译》杂志决定用这笔基金设立“韩素音青年翻译奖”,当年的“第四届青年有奖翻译比赛”的大赛,在揭晓活动中便改称为“第一届韩素音青年翻译奖”竞赛。自此,本竞赛每年举行一次,至2012年已举办24届。竞赛目前设立汉语与英语、法语、俄语、西班牙语、阿拉伯语五个语种双向互译,共计10个比赛项目,参赛者限定为各个行业45岁以下的青年翻译工作者和翻译爱好者。每年杂志第一期(1月15日出版)公布竞赛原文和规则,同年5月底截稿,《中国翻译》杂志第六期(11月15日出版)公布获奖名单以及参考译文、参赛译文评析。本竞赛以其优秀的选材、严格的匿名评审制度、对评审结果的详细解读而吸引全国以及世界各地青年翻译从业者、爱好者的积极参与,是中国翻译界目前组织时间最长、规模最大、影响最广、权威性最高的翻译比赛,发掘和激励了一批又一批优秀青年致力于翻译事业。返回搜狐,查看更多

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