读取/data/data/下文件或者数据库 |
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读取/data/data/下文件或者数据库
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学习目标：读取/data/data/下文件或者数据库，Android 11读写权限动态申请 文章目录 学习目标：前言一、特殊权限是什么？二、读取步骤1.动静结合2.读入数据 数据库文件查看 前言当开发一款新的app时需要另一款app数据相互依赖就需要去读数据但Android 11 上面变成了特殊权限需要 一、特殊权限是什么？首先 Android 的权限大致分为三种： 1.普通权限：只需要在清单文件中注册即可 2.危险权限：需要在代码中动态申请，以弹系统 Dialog 的形式进行请求 3.特殊权限：需要在代码中动态申请，以跳系统 Activity 的形式进行请求 在 Android 6.0 之后就变成了危险权限，而到了 Android 11 上面变成了特殊权限，而最明显的区别是一个是通过 Dialog 展示给用户看，另外一个是通过 Activity 展现给用户看。 二、读取步骤 1.动静结合静 代码如下（示例）： 在AndroidManifest.xml文件中application节点中加上android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true"属性 就可以了，如下： // 先判断有没有权限 if (Environment.isExternalStorageManager()) { writeFile() } else { startActivityForResult( Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_ALL_FILES_ACCESS_PERMISSION), REQUEST_CODE ) } } else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) { // 先判断有没有权限 if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission( this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE ) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED && ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission( this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE ) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED ) { writeFile() } else { ActivityCompat.requestPermissions( this, arrayOf( Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE ), REQUEST_CODE ) } } else { writeFile() } } /** * In this method, you can write the business logic related to reading and writing */ private fun writeFile() { ...... } 2.读入数据 数据权限已经申请了原本以为万事俱备只欠东风了可惜…读取的是另一个app的/data/data/这些显然不够，当然如果那么容易咱们的手机信息安全是个大问题呢 。当咱们是开发者只要咱们出发点是正义的为全人类制造福利的，正义无敌嘛哈哈。这个时候我想到了雷震子拿起了家伙事一顿操作猛似虎 1.下载模拟器 .
执行shell命令需要的工具类 代码如下（示例）： public final class ShellUtils { private static final String LINE_SEP = System.getProperty("line.separator"); private ShellUtils() { throw new UnsupportedOperationException("u can't instantiate me..."); } /** * Execute the command asynchronously. * * @param command The command. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @param consumer The consumer. * @return the task */ public static Utils.Task execCmdAsync(final String command, final boolean isRooted, final Utils.Consumer consumer) { return execCmdAsync(new String[]{command}, isRooted, true, consumer); } /** * Execute the command asynchronously. * * @param commands The commands. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @param consumer The consumer. * @return the task */ public static Utils.Task execCmdAsync(final List commands, final boolean isRooted, final Utils.Consumer consumer) { return execCmdAsync(commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[]{}), isRooted, true, consumer); } /** * Execute the command asynchronously. * * @param commands The commands. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @param consumer The consumer. * @return the task */ public static Utils.Task execCmdAsync(final String[] commands, final boolean isRooted, final Utils.Consumer consumer) { return execCmdAsync(commands, isRooted, true, consumer); } /** * Execute the command asynchronously. * * @param command The command. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @param isNeedResultMsg True to return the message of result, false otherwise. * @param consumer The consumer. * @return the task */ public static Utils.Task execCmdAsync(final String command, final boolean isRooted, final boolean isNeedResultMsg, final Utils.Consumer consumer) { return execCmdAsync(new String[]{command}, isRooted, isNeedResultMsg, consumer); } /** * Execute the command asynchronously. * * @param commands The commands. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @param isNeedResultMsg True to return the message of result, false otherwise. * @param consumer The consumer. * @return the task */ public static Utils.Task execCmdAsync(final List commands, final boolean isRooted, final boolean isNeedResultMsg, final Utils.Consumer consumer) { return execCmdAsync(commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[]{}), isRooted, isNeedResultMsg, consumer); } /** * Execute the command asynchronously. * * @param commands The commands. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @param isNeedResultMsg True to return the message of result, false otherwise. * @param consumer The consumer. * @return the task */ public static Utils.Task execCmdAsync(final String[] commands, final boolean isRooted, final boolean isNeedResultMsg, @NonNull final Utils.Consumer consumer) { return UtilsBridge.doAsync(new Utils.Task(consumer) { @Override public CommandResult doInBackground() { return execCmd(commands, isRooted, isNeedResultMsg); } }); } /** * Execute the command. * * @param command The command. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @return the single {@link CommandResult} instance */ public static CommandResult execCmd(final String command, final boolean isRooted) { return execCmd(new String[]{command}, isRooted, true); } /** * Execute the command. * * @param command The command. * @param envp The environment variable settings. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @return the single {@link CommandResult} instance */ public static CommandResult execCmd(final String command, final List envp, final boolean isRooted) { return execCmd(new String[]{command}, envp == null ? null : envp.toArray(new String[]{}), isRooted, true); } /** * Execute the command. * * @param commands The commands. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @return the single {@link CommandResult} instance */ public static CommandResult execCmd(final List commands, final boolean isRooted) { return execCmd(commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[]{}), isRooted, true); } /** * Execute the command. * * @param commands The commands. * @param envp The environment variable settings. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @return the single {@link CommandResult} instance */ public static CommandResult execCmd(final List commands, final List envp, final boolean isRooted) { return execCmd(commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[]{}), envp == null ? null : envp.toArray(new String[]{}), isRooted, true); } /** * Execute the command. * * @param commands The commands. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @return the single {@link CommandResult} instance */ public static CommandResult execCmd(final String[] commands, final boolean isRooted) { return execCmd(commands, isRooted, true); } /** * Execute the command. * * @param command The command. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @param isNeedResultMsg True to return the message of result, false otherwise. * @return the single {@link CommandResult} instance */ public static CommandResult execCmd(final String command, final boolean isRooted, final boolean isNeedResultMsg) { return execCmd(new String[]{command}, isRooted, isNeedResultMsg); } /** * Execute the command. * * @param command The command. * @param envp The environment variable settings. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @param isNeedResultMsg True to return the message of result, false otherwise. * @return the single {@link CommandResult} instance */ public static CommandResult execCmd(final String command, final List envp, final boolean isRooted, final boolean isNeedResultMsg) { return execCmd(new String[]{command}, envp == null ? null : envp.toArray(new String[]{}), isRooted, isNeedResultMsg); } /** * Execute the command. * * @param command The command. * @param envp The environment variable settings array. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @param isNeedResultMsg True to return the message of result, false otherwise. * @return the single {@link CommandResult} instance */ public static CommandResult execCmd(final String command, final String[] envp, final boolean isRooted, final boolean isNeedResultMsg) { return execCmd(new String[]{command}, envp, isRooted, isNeedResultMsg); } /** * Execute the command. * * @param commands The commands. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @param isNeedResultMsg True to return the message of result, false otherwise. * @return the single {@link CommandResult} instance */ public static CommandResult execCmd(final List commands, final boolean isRooted, final boolean isNeedResultMsg) { return execCmd(commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[]{}), isRooted, isNeedResultMsg); } /** * Execute the command. * * @param commands The commands. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @param isNeedResultMsg True to return the message of result, false otherwise. * @return the single {@link CommandResult} instance */ public static CommandResult execCmd(final String[] commands, final boolean isRooted, final boolean isNeedResultMsg) { return execCmd(commands, null, isRooted, isNeedResultMsg); } /** * Execute the command. * * @param commands The commands. * @param envp Array of strings, each element of which * has environment variable settings in the format * name=value, or * null if the subprocess should inherit * the environment of the current process. * @param isRooted True to use root, false otherwise. * @param isNeedResultMsg True to return the message of result, false otherwise. * @return the single {@link CommandResult} instance */ public static CommandResult execCmd(final String[] commands, final String[] envp, final boolean isRooted, final boolean isNeedResultMsg) { int result = -1; if (commands == null || commands.length == 0) { return new CommandResult(result, "", ""); } Process process = null; BufferedReader successResult = null; BufferedReader errorResult = null; StringBuilder successMsg = null; StringBuilder errorMsg = null; DataOutputStream os = null; try { process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(isRooted ? "su" : "sh", envp, null); os = new DataOutputStream(process.getOutputStream()); for (String command : commands) { if (command == null) continue; os.write(command.getBytes()); os.writeBytes(LINE_SEP); os.flush(); } os.writeBytes("exit" + LINE_SEP); os.flush(); result = process.waitFor(); if (isNeedResultMsg) { successMsg = new StringBuilder(); errorMsg = new StringBuilder(); successResult = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream(), "UTF-8") ); errorResult = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream(), "UTF-8") ); String line; if ((line = successResult.readLine()) != null) { successMsg.append(line); while ((line = successResult.readLine()) != null) { successMsg.append(LINE_SEP).append(line); } } if ((line = errorResult.readLine()) != null) { errorMsg.append(line); while ((line = errorResult.readLine()) != null) { errorMsg.append(LINE_SEP).append(line); } } } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { if (os != null) { os.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { if (successResult != null) { successResult.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { if (errorResult != null) { errorResult.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } if (process != null) { process.destroy(); } } return new CommandResult( result, successMsg == null ? "" : successMsg.toString(), errorMsg == null ? "" : errorMsg.toString() ); } /** * The result of command. */ public static class CommandResult { public int result; public String successMsg; public String errorMsg; public CommandResult(final int result, final String successMsg, final String errorMsg) { this.result = result; this.successMsg = successMsg; this.errorMsg = errorMsg; } @Override public String toString() { return "result: " + result + "\n" + "successMsg: " + successMsg + "\n" + "errorMsg: " + errorMsg; } } } /* * 调用execCmd里面两个参数一个是shell命令，第二个是是否开启root返回的是return execCmd(new String[]{command}, isRooted, true)下面有调用实例successMsg */ val execCmd = ShellUtils.execCmd("写shell命令", true) LogUtil.logGGQ("task", "输出结果-->${execCmd.successMsg}") LogUtil.logGGQ("task", "输出结果-->${execCmd.errorMsg}") LogUtil.logGGQ("task", "输出结果-->${execCmd.result}") 导入库 implementation 'com.blankj:utilcodex:1.30.6' 访问拷贝后的文件地址 val readFile2String = FileIOUtils.readFile2String("sdcard/android/axolotl.db") LogUtil.logGGQ("task", "stringToBase64----->$readFile2String") 插入一个小知识点把String的转换成base64码 /** * 把String的转换成base64码 */ public static String stringToBase64(String ss) { String encode=""; try{ byte[] bytes = ss.getBytes(); encode = Base64Util.encode(bytes); // return encode; }catch (Exception e){ LogUtil.logGGQ("task",e.getMessage()); } return encode; } val stringToBase64 = Base64Object.stringToBase64(readFile2String) LogUtil.logGGQ("task", "stringToBase64----->$stringToBase64") 放文件到这就结束了 数据库文件查看复制和上面一样代码执行shell /* *数据库打开文件路径 */ val database: SQLiteDatabase = SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase( "sdcard/android/axolotl.db", null ) |
2.开启root权限
3.我们不能直接访问/data/data/下路径怎么搞呢？既然不能直接搞那我们间接的搞吧，打开命令框输入adb shell ，mkdir test 新建文件，cat /data/data/com.whatsapp/shared_prefs/keystore.xml > /sdcard/test/keystore.xml 复制 文件到指定文件对啊我们可以复制到可以访问的目录下载访问啊。可是咱们的这些都需要代码执行怎么搞呢…妈的坑真多哈哈其实这才是开始。咱们有root权限这玩意相当于你有上帝视角这他妈可不是开玩笑的，可以直接代码执行shell命令。shell的运行原理（shell是什么）Linux严格意义上是一个操作系统，我们称为核心，但我们一般的用户是不能直接使用核心的，而是通过外壳程序。也就是shell，对比Windows，图形界面就是外壳程序。shell的简单定义就是命令行解释器，功能是将使用者的命令翻译给核心处理，同时将核心处理的结果翻译给使用者。可以看出shell主要是对我们的指令进行解析，解析指令给Linux内核。反馈结果在通过内核运行出结果，通过shell解析给用户。 
这是我们就可以理解为什么说外壳程序包裹着我们的操作系统，外壳程序仅仅对我们的指令进行解析，解析指令给Linux内核。反馈结果在通过内核运行出结果，通过shell解析给用户。
举个例子：shell是媒婆，那么bash就是王婆。shell是外壳程序的统称，bash 是具体的一种shell。 以上就是我们对shell初步的理解。【本文地址】
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