In Northern Europe, daytime temperatures are often quite mild, even in late autumn. The days are often misty, foggy and damp. Soon, winter arrives, with frost, icy roads and severe weather, including heavy snow. As people expect the weather to be bad, they try and keep warm so they don't freeze! Freezing weather may continue in the far north until May or even June, when the ground starts to thaw and the ice melts again.

"misty" 指的是轻薄的水汽或薄雾，视野相对较好，而 "foggy" 指的是浓密的雾气，视野受到较大限制。

"Thaw" 强调的是温度升高，使物体从冰冻状态变为液态, 而 "melt" 则更广泛地用于描述物质从固态到液态的转变，无论是通过加热、化学反应还是其他因素引起的。

In a tropical climate, the weather is often stifling, muggy and humid. In other hot climates, there may be boiling hot days, and heatwaves may be common.

Something that is boiling or boiling hot is very hot.

shower -> heavy rain -> pour down / downpour -> torrential rain -> flood

There was quite heavy rain during the night. / It rained heavily during the night.

There was a real downpour. / It was absolutely pouring down yesterday.

There are sometimes floods on the roads.

The sky's a bit overcast; I think it's going to rain.

People stayed indoors because there was a hurricane on the way.