subject

v. [səbˈdʒekt] 使遭受；使服从；使隶属

n. [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt] 主题；题目；学科，科目；主语

adj. [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt] 受...支配的；服从于...的

注意，subject动词和名词、形容词的读音不同。

形近词：subjective

At the very least, the court should make itself subject to the code of conduct that applies to the rest of the federal judiciary.

解析：at least是至少的意思，the very是修饰at least的, make subject to从属于，处于...中，使服从；code of conduct专有名词，行为准则；judiciary可作形容词司法的，法院的；也可作名词，审判人员，司法部，司法系统。federal judiciary联邦司法系统。

翻译：  至少，法院应当让自己遵守适用于联邦司法系统其它部门的行为准则。

subjective [səbˈdʒektɪv] adj. 主观的，主观上的；主题的；个人的

Everyone’s opinion is bound to be subjective.  每个人的意见都必定是主观的。

解析：前面讲过bound的名词，界限、限制。这里be bound to的bound的形容词，注定。

be subject to: 遭受；承受

In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.

解析：这个句子在前面讲patent的时候，解析过。

翻译：此外，一家公司用来测试血缘关系的计算机程序可能会被申请专利，并且不需要被同行评审和外界评估。

lead

v. [liːd] 领导，引导；促进；领先；占首位；通向；导致；带来

n. [liːd] 带领；领头；引导

n. [led] 铅 

形近词：leadership，mislead，leader，plead，leading

Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.

参考译文：（那时候我们觉得）科学和技术将会解决人类的一切问题，使所有人都过上有成就感与机遇的生活。

注：曾经很多人都对科学和技术抱着美好的期待，但重点是科学与技术幕后的资本和使用科学与技术的人。算法是人写的，所以有了大数据杀熟等一系列事件。推荐观看纪录片《监视资本主义：智能陷阱》。

leadership [ˈliːdərʃɪp] n. 领导能力；领导地位；领导阶层

Research has found that IQ predicted leadership skills when the tests were given under low-stress conditions, but under high-stress conditions, IQ was negatively correlated with leadership——that is, it predicted the opposite.

翻译：研究已经发现，当测试被设置为低压力条件下，IQ预测领导力能力，但是在高压环境下，IQ与领导能力负相关——那就是，它预测出相反的结果。  

mislead [ˌmɪsˈliːd] v. 误导；使误信；将...引入歧途

According to Paragraph 4, the message conveyed by celebrity magazines is _______ .

[A] soothing               [B] ambiguous

[C] compensatory           [D] misleading

解析：sooth可作名词实际，还可作形容词真正的，抚慰的，光滑的；ambiguous模糊的，注意与ambitious野心的区分。compensatory补偿性的，是compensation补偿的派生词；misleading误导性的。

翻译：

根据第4段，名流杂志传递的信息是________。

[A] 抚慰的                  [B] 模糊的

[C] 补偿性的                [D] 误导性的

It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may have led to misleading interpretation of what happened.

解析：turn out发生，结果是；peculiar奇怪的，特殊的，特有的；conduct名词行为，动词实施，组织，引导；这里的misleading是动词mislead的ing形式。

翻译：结果是，奇怪的实验方法可能会导致对已发生情况的误导性解释。

leader [ˈliːdər] n. 领袖，领导者；首领；指挥者

Japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity.

翻译：日本曾经是，并且现在也是自动力装配生产的全球领导者。

plead [pliːd] v. 请求；恳求；为...辩护；提出...为理由

Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land.

解析：Ukip英国独立党；side with向着，支持，与...站在同一边，和...抱有同样的见解； 

翻译：只有英国独立党，察觉到它的机会，已经与那些支持用更加深思熟虑的方式来使用绿地的人站在一边。

leading [ˈledɪŋ] adj. 卓越的；最重要的

However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should possess.

解析：graduate毕业，undergraduate是未毕业的学生；grounding基础教学，基础训练；canon原则，标准，准则；possess拥有，支配，控制；

翻译：然而，很多美国卓越的大学希望他们的学生对每个受教育的人应该拥有的思想基本准则有个基础训练。    

lead someone on: 误导（某人）；蒙骗（某人）

Be careful not to lead someone on if you truly have no interest.

如果你不喜欢别人，请不要误导别人。

lead up to: 导致，逐渐导致；使话题（渐渐）转向；为...做准备

The first chapter of book describes the events that lead up to the war.

这本书的第一章描述了那些导致战争的事件。

Instead of including that paragraph, she added one that described Lengel’s crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the A&P “policy” he enforces.

解析：crab名词螃蟹，动词横行；crabbed乖戾的，脾气坏的；enforce除了迫使，还有执行，强制执行的意思。

翻译：她没有包含那段话，而是加了一段描述伦格尔对女孩子们的恶劣回应，这样她可以把话题引向伦格尔强制执行的A&P“政策”。

take the lead: 带头，为首；起带头作用；领导

It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that ______.

[A] data leakage is more severe in Europe

[B] FTC’s decision is essential to data security

[C] California takes the lead in security legislation

[D] legal penalty is a major solution to data leakage

翻译：

从第5段可以推测出_______。

[A] 数据泄露在欧洲更严重

[B] FTC的决定对数据安全是必要的

[C] 加利福尼亚州在安全立法上带头

[D] 法律惩罚数据泄露的主要解决途径

intend [ɪnˈtend] v. 想要；打算；企图

Either Entergy never really intended to live by those commitments, or it simply didn’t foresee what would happen next.

翻译：或者安特吉公司从来没打算遵守那些承诺，或者它仅仅预见不到接下来会发生什么。

intend to do/intend doing sth. : 打算做某事

I don’t intend staying long.     我不打算久留。

They intend to close the school at the earliest opportunity.

他们打算尽早关闭学校。

sector [ˈsektər] n. （经济的）部门；行业；领域

But many within the public sector suffer under the current system, too.

解析：within在...里，公共部门里又suffer遭难，那指的自然是员工。

翻译：然而，在现行体制下，很多公共部门的员工日子也不好过。 

account [əˈkaʊnt]

v. 说明；解释；导致；把...视作

n. 账目；账户；描述；叙述；解释；说明

形近词：accountant

It is painful to read these roundabout accounts today.

解析：roundabout可作名词旋转平台，也可作形容词迂回的，间接的，兜圈子的意思；account在句子中不是账目的意思，而是名词解释，说明的意思。

翻译：今天阅读这些拐弯抹角的解释是痛苦的。

It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets.

解析：这句话在解释不同的单词上，已经出现了很多次了。

翻译：是银行脱离了实际，它们的账户极大地高估了资产。

Many like the Fundamental Physics Prize, are funded from the telephone-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs.

解析：telephone-number-sized电话号码的长度规模。

翻译：许多像是基础物理学奖，是由那些银行账户像电话号码一样长的互联网企业家赞助的。

accountant [əˈkaʊntənt] n. 会计师，会计

She has been an accountant all her working life.

她整个职业生涯一直是会计师。

account for: 占据；解释；说明

What might account for this strange phenomenon?

翻译：什么才能解释这一奇怪的现象呢？

Take into account: 考虑到；体谅

His exam results were not very good, but we must take into account his long illness.

他的测试成绩很不好，但是我们必须考虑到他的长期生病。

leave sth. out of account: 不考虑

The need of training is too evident; the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account.

翻译：训练的需求太明显了；完成他们态度和习惯的改变的压力非常迫切，让这些结果完全不在考虑之中。

on account of : 因为，由于 

The flight was postponed on account of bad weather.

飞机由于坏天气延期了。

description [dɪˈskrɪpʃn] n. 描述；形容

The novelist’s powers of description.

小说家描述的力量。

explanation [ˌekspləˈneɪʃn] n. 解释；说明

When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up.

解析：depart离开，辞去；straight up直接地，坦率地；

翻译：当利亚姆·麦吉在8月份辞去美国银行总裁时，他的解释出人意料的坦率。

consumer [kənˈsuːmər] n. 顾客，消费者

形近词：consumption, consuming, consumerism

These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable —— meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that —— and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks.

解析：label除了标签，还有品牌的意思。conscious有意识的，注意到的，style-conscious注重风格，句子中译为追求时尚。see除了看见，还有将...视为的意思。dispose处置，disposable一次性的，可任意处理的， 用后丢弃的；renew更新，wardrobe衣柜，衣橱，全部衣物。

翻译：这些品牌鼓励追求时尚的消费者将衣服看作一次性的——意味着只洗一两次（就丢弃），尽管他们（指品牌）并不那么广告——并且（鼓励）每几个星期更新一次衣橱。

consumption [kənˈsʌmpʃn] n. 消费；消耗 

But despite some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does produce short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, boosting heart rate and oxygen consumption. But because hard laughter is difficult to sustain, a good laugh is unlikely to have measurable benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.

解析：to the contrary与之相反，boost动词或名词的增加，促进，激励；hard laughter大笑；job在句子中是慢跑的意思。

翻译：但是尽管一些宣称与之相反，大笑很可能对身体健康只有一点微不足道的影响。笑声对心脏和它的血管的功能产生短期变化，加快心跳速度和氧气消耗。但是因为大笑很难持续，一个好的笑不可能像散步或慢跑那样有可测量的益处。

consuming [kənˈsuːmɪŋ] adj. 消耗的；消费的

They are too often build around consuming natural resources.

它们大多建立在消耗自然资源的基础上。

consumerism [kənˈsuːmərɪzəm] n. 保护消费者利益主义；消费主义

They have clearly embraced western consumerism.

他们显然接受了西方的消费主义理念。

client [ˈklaɪənt] n. 客户；顾客；委托人

But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.

解析：ground地面，范围，领地，充足的理由，背景，底子。

翻译：但是很少有地方的客户比美国的客户更有充足的理由来抱怨。