《安德森维尔》中“非常”事件的历史书写与隐性政治

王晓丹

内容提要： 《安德森维尔》是当代美国作家麦金利·坎特以美国司法史上著名的

审判案为背景创作的小说。小说与官方历史叙事并置，解构审判卷宗和美国北方主

流媒体报道形成的权力话语，并以美学形式审视案件的犯罪主体、行为动机和战俘

营内的司法公正，揭露法律卷宗叙事的修辞性，批判悲剧背后隐藏的政治经济利益

争夺、军事力量抗衡和意识形态博弈的冷酷无情，表达作者对美国内战历史语境下

众多小人物求生挣扎的同情。这是小说家坎特隐性的政治介入，也是他对历史洪流

下普通人生命价值的重构。

关键词： 麦金利·坎特 《安德森维尔》 历史书写　隐性政治

作者简介：王晓丹，哈尔滨师范大学西语学院副教授，博士，主要从事当代美国

文学研究。本文系国家社科基金重点项目“美国历史‘非常’事件的小说再现与意

识形态批判研究”（15AWW005）的阶段性成果。

Title: Historical Writing of “Disputed” Event and Implicit Politics in Andersonville

ABSTRACT: Andersonville, a novel by contemporary American writer Mackinlay

Kantor, is based on the famous Andersonville trial case in American judicial history. The

fictional narrative is juxtaposed against the official historical narrative, thus deconstruct-

ing the discourse formed by trial files and mainstream media reports in the American

North. More importantly, the novel examines, on an aesthetic level, the criminal subjects,

their behavior, their motivation and the judicial justice in Andersonville Camp, exposing

the rhetorical nature of the legal dossier. It criticizes the struggle over vested political and

economic interests, the confrontation among military powers and the ideological game

behind the tragedy. The novel suggests Kantor’s political concerns and his intention to re-

cover the value of ordinary lives from the historical shadows of the American Civil War.

Keywords: Mackinlay Kantor, Andersonville, historical writing, implicit politics

Author: Wang Xiaodan is an associate professor at

the School of Western Languages and Cultures, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China

(150026), specializing in contemporary American literature.

从阿? 诺德·克鲁帕特的世界主义到戴尔·海姆斯的民族志诗学

— 论美国本土族裔性的语言核心与转换策略

陈 靓

内容提要：在当代美国本土裔文学中，族裔性的建构及重构是文学策略和文化

身份塑造的关键问题，也是目前美国本土裔文学创作和批评的核心所在。从理论层

面上，阿诺德·克鲁帕特提出的世界主义指出了西方文学形式与本土地域内容之间

的鸿沟，而在实践层面，戴尔·海姆斯的民族志诗学以基本的诗学结构入手，探讨族

裔性的语言传统特质，并将两种不同文化语境间的鸿沟转变成动态的阐释性空间，

在文化和语言的距离中以持续的张力不断生成新的族裔性内涵。

关键词：阿诺德·科鲁帕特　世界主义　戴尔·海姆斯　民族志诗学　美国本

土裔文学

作者简介：陈靓，教授，复旦大学外文学院，主要从事美国文学研究。本文为国家

社科基金一般项目“美国本土裔文学学术史”（18CWW093）阶段性成果。

Title: From Arnold Krupat’s Cosmopolitanism to Dell Hymes’s Ethnopoetics: On

the Linguistic Essentials and Transformative Strategy of Native American Ethnicity

ABSTRCT: In contemporary Native American literature studies, the construction

and reconstruction of native ethnicity is an essential issue in terms of literary strategy

and cultural identity construction, which also constitutes the core of Native American

writing and criticism. Theoretically, Arnold Krupat has pointed out the gap between

Western literary form and native local content. In practice, the ethnopoetics suggested by

Dell Hymes investigates the traditional linguistic features of native oral tradition from

the perspective of poetic structure and turns the gap into a dynamic interpretive space, in

which cultural and linguistic tension is an active source for continuously generating new

ethnic meanings in contemporary Native American culture and literature.

Keywords: Arnold Krupat, cosmopolitanism, Dell Hyme, ethnopoetics, Native

American literature

Author: Chen Liang is a professor at the English Depart-

ment of the College of Foreign Languages and Literatures, Fudan University, Shanghai,

China (20033), specializing in Native American literature and postcolonial theory.

《水刀子》中的反乌托邦城市书写和人类世想象

杨 梅 朱新福

内容提要：气候变化小说作为环境危机话语中的新兴文类，专注于气候变化及

其人类世成因的文学想象。当代美国作家保罗·巴奇加卢皮的《水刀子》勾勒了一

幅美国的近未来因为极度缺水而导致的生态崩溃、政治涣散、人性沦丧、环境不公

的反乌托邦城市图景。作家利用空间并置突破气候变化书写的时空阈限，强调气

候变化的全球化影响；运用身体叙事呈现弱势群体在气候灾难中的生存困境和环

境资源分配不均问题；通过文化记忆，以水权档案等记忆文本的形式为小说的气候

叙事创设了历史文化语境，凸显气候灾难形成的政治历史背景；新闻公告、论坛跟

帖等生态媒介贯穿小说的始终，成为表征气候危机和人类气候风险认知差异的有

益补充，维持媒介生态的平衡是普及正确的气候风险意识和呼吁环境正义的重要

保障。

关键词：保罗·巴奇加卢皮 《水刀子》  气候变化小说  反乌托邦  城市书

写 人类世

作者简介：杨梅，苏州大学博士研究生，研究方向为美国文学、生态批评、儿童文

学。朱新福，苏州大学外国语学院教授，博士生导师，研究方向为美国小说、美国诗

歌、生态批评。

Title: The Dystopian Urban Writing and the Anthropocene Imagination in The Wa-

ter Knife

ABSTRACT: Climate change fiction (cli-fi), a new genre in environmental dis-

course, focuses on literary imaginings of climate change and its Anthropocene causes.

Contemporary American writer Paolo Bacigalupi’s fiction, The Water Knife, portrays

a dystopian landscape of the United States in the near future, shaped by extreme water

·21·

《水刀子》中的反乌托邦城市书写和人类世想象

shortages. The narrative’s spatial juxtaposition breaks through the spatial threshold of cli-

mate change writing to highlight the global climate crisis. Through its corporeal narrative,

the novel also presents the dilemma of survival for vulnerable groups in climate disasters

and the uneven distribution of environmental resources. Cultural memories and memori-

alizing texts in the novel emphasize the historical and political background of the climate

crisis. Ecologically-oriented media discussions, such as news reports and forum postings,

run through the text, necessary for recognizing the climate crisis and revealing the pub-

lic’s discordant cognition of climate risks. A balanced “Media Ecology” is presented as an

effective approach for raising public awareness of climate risk and pursuing environmen-

tal justice.

Keywords: Paolo Bacigalupi, The Water Knife, climate change fiction, dystopia, ur-

ban writing, anthropocene

Authors: Yang Mei is a doctoral candidate at

the School of Foreign Languages, Soochow University, Suzhou, China (215006),

specializing in American literature, children’s literature and ecocriticism. Zhu Xinfu

is a professor at the School of Foreign Languages, Soochow

University, Suzhou, China (215006), specializing in American fiction, American poetry

and ecocriticism.

阿迪契《美国佬》跨国族群景观与文化主体建构

朴 玉 孙乐岩

内容提要：尼日利亚作家阿迪契以《美国佬》对于流散知识分子生存境遇的书写

而赢得赞誉。本文认为阿迪契将国际学生的成长与跨国族群景观书写结合起来，探

究其心智渐趋成熟的历程。主人公置身不同族群中，既是观看者也是被看者，正是

在看与被看过程中，演绎着她与白人、美国黑人、非洲流散群体的互动，引发她对于

自我和他者关系的审视，实现对自我的反思。《美国佬》从多重视角探讨跨国知识分

子建构文化身份，表达文化主体，言说国家认同等议题，体现出作家对于新世纪流散

知识分子文化自觉问题的思考。

关键词：阿迪契　《美国佬》　族群景观　文化主体性

作者简介：朴玉，吉林大学公共外语教育学院教授，博士生导师，主要从事当代

英语小说研究。孙乐岩，吉林大学公共外语教育学院英美文学方向博士研究生。本

文获2018年国家社科基金项目（18BWW060）、吉林省社科基金项目（2018B25）和

吉林大学基本科研业务费项目（2019QY005）资助。

Title: Transnational Ethnoscopes and Cultural Subject Construction in Adichie’s

Americanah

ABSTRACT: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie enjoys a high reputation for her descrip-

tion of the living conditions of the intellectual diaspora in Americanah. This paper argues

that Adichie combines the growth of Nigerian international students with ethnoscopic

writing to probe into the process of their mental maturation. It is in the process of both

seeing and being seen that the protagonist begins to interpret her relationship and interac-

tion with different groups, such as American whites, African-Americans and the African

diaspora, which leads to a self-examination and meditation on the relationship between

self and the other. Americanah is Adichie’s contemplation of the cultural consciousness of

the 21st century intellectual diaspora, in which she explores such issues as the construc-

tion of cultural identity, the expression of cultural subjectivity and the discourse of nation-

al identity.

Keywords: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Americanah, ethnoscopes, cultural subjectivity

Authors: Piao Yu is a professor at the School of Foreign

Language Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China (130012), specializing in

contemporary literatures in English. Sun Leyan is a PhD

candidate at the School of Foreign Language Education, Jilin University, Changchun,

China (130012), specializing in 21st-century literatures in English.

查尔斯·赖特诗集《奇克莫加》中的中国唐诗

王金娥

内容提要：查尔斯·赖特对中国古典诗歌兴趣浓厚，其诗歌创作过程中显示

出中国唐诗的多重迹象及深刻影响。在《奇克莫加》这部诗集中，赖特以顿呼、直

引、戏仿等手法建立起与唐代诗人的直接对话及与唐诗的显性互文，并以绘画为

媒的隐性互文实现与唐诗在视觉文本层面的融通，切实体现出诗画一体的诗学特

色。此外，赖特诗歌与唐诗皆以自然景物为媒介，在同一想象空间中着意于心理

风景的描绘，其间传递出的生命观与诗学意境也形成高度默契。

关键词：赖特 《奇克莫加》 唐诗 意象 风景

作者简介：王金娥，山东师范大学外国语学院副教授，文学博士，主要研究方向

为美国诗歌。

Title: Chinese Poetry of the Tang Dynasty in Charles Wright’s Chickamauga

ABSTRACT: Charles Wright has an intense interest in Chinese classical poetry. His

poetry is influenced in many ways by the Chinese poetry of the Tang Dynasty. In Chick-

amauga, Wright establishes a direct dialogue with poets in the Tang Dynasty through

intertextual apostrophe, quotation and parody. Less obviously, his poetry is intertextually

linked to Tang poetry through their visual texts, namely painting, highlighting the poetic

integrity of both poetry and painting. Furthermore, Wright’s poetry explicitly identifies

with Tang poetry in that both, with natural landscape as a medium, focus on the inner

landscape and convey similar views of life in similar poetic contexts.

Keywords: Charles Wright, Chickamauga, Tang poetry, image, landscape

Author: Wang Jin’e is an associate professor at the

School of Foreign Languages in Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China (250358).

Her research mainly focuses on American poetry.

论新世纪美国非虚构小说的中国叙事

王小英

内容提要：中国题材非虚构小说的频繁出现构成了新世纪美国非虚构文学的新

转向。这一文学现象与中国持续发展的时代语境及作者的人生际遇关系密切。从叙

述学的角度来看，为了取得“真实性”和“文学性”的平衡，此类小说大都选择采用

显性叙述者“我”讲故事来奠定小说的真实基础，并且征用地图辅以叙事，但偶尔也

会使用拼图叙述去克服显性叙述者的视野局限，重构事件发生场景。在人物塑造和

事件选取上，作者倾向于从现实中挖掘塑造典型，以此来提喻式地解读中国。不过，

在对典型的取舍刻画中，作者自身的形象也会展示出来，小说水平的高低也由此得

以体现。

关键词：非虚构小说 美国文学 中国 叙述学 典型

作者简介：王小英，暨南大学文学院教授，博导，主要研究方向为比较文学、符号

叙述学。

Title: On Chinese Narrative in American Non-fiction Novels in the New Century

ABSTRACT: The frequent appearance of Chinese-themed non-fiction novels con-

stitutes a new trend in American non-fiction literature in the new century. This literary

phenomenon is closely related to China’s economic development and the authors’ life

experiences. In order to achieve a balance between “truthfulness” and “literariness”, most

of these novels choose to use an explicit narrator “I” to tell stories, occasionally by way of

jigsaw narratives. In terms of characterization and plotting, these authors tend to excavate

the typical, and present it as a metaphorical interpretation of China. However, different

portrayals of the typical also depend on the positions and styles of various authors.

Keywords: non-fiction novel, American literature, China, narratology, the typical

Author: Wang Xiaoying is a professor at Jinan

University, Guangzhou, China (510632), specializing in comparative literature and semiotics.

马丁? ·艾米斯《莱昂内尔·阿斯博》中的

后现代伦理向度

郭国良 杜兰兰

内容提要：马丁·艾米斯拒绝在作品中对人物进行道德评判，取而代之的是通

过挑战阅读经验、颠覆阅读期待，促使读者在强烈冲击和反复思考中形成自己的价

值判断。这一立场在《莱昂内尔·阿斯博》中表现为后现代伦理向度。小说分别

在个体与他者、个体与自我和个体与社会三个层面上表达了对资本主义道德价值

体系、现代人身份焦虑和消费社会伦理困境的冷静思考，进而对西方规范伦理的正

当性和有效性提出质疑，强调源于道德良知的责任感对个体更具有约束和拯救意

义，指出修复以“母子”人伦为缩影的基本伦理关系是重建后现代伦理秩序的重要

途径。

关键词：马丁·艾米斯 《莱昂内尔·阿斯博》 后现代伦理

作者简介：郭国良，浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院教授、博士生导师，

主要从事当代英国文学研究；杜兰兰，浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院博士

研究生，主要从事当代英国文学研究。

Title: Postmodern Ethics in Martin Amis’s Lionel Asbo

ABSTRACT: Martin Amis refuses to pass moral judgments on the characters in his

works. Instead, he forces readers to form their own moral judgements and challenges their

reading experiences and expectations.This is the case in Lionel Asbo and its exploration

of postmodern ethics.The novel reflects on capitalist values, the anxieties of modern iden-

tity and the postmodern ethical predicament. It questions the legitimacy and effectiveness

of Western normative ethics, emphasizing that the sense of responsibility derived from

moral conscience is more binding for individuals, and that the restoration of basic ethical

relationships, epitomized by the “mother-son” dyad, is an important way to rebuild the

postmodern ethical order.

Keywords: Martin Amis, Lionel Asbo, postmodern ethics

Authors: Guo Guoliang is a professor at the School

of International Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (310058), specializing

in contemporary British literature. Du Lanlan is a Ph.D.

candidate at the School of International Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

(310058), specializing in contemporary British literature.

当代英国小说中的奥斯丁因子

— 以《浪搏恩》和《赎罪》为例

张 鑫

内容提要：在涌现于20世纪60年代的重写经典文本的传统中，当代英国小说家

乔·贝克和伊恩·麦克尤恩将目光转向了经典作家简·奥斯丁，在叙事风格、人物塑

造和主题建构上创造性地运用奥斯丁因子，创作了《浪搏恩》和《赎罪》两部文学经典。

他们在践行“互文性”理念的同时，既继承了传统文学遗产，又对当代英国小说创作提

供了宝贵经验，对稳固奥斯丁的文学声誉和擢升个人的文学地位起到了促进的作用。

关键词：奥斯丁因子 《浪搏恩》 《赎罪》 文学遗产

作者简介：张鑫，文学博士，江苏理工学院外语学院教授，主要从事英美文学研

究。本文为江苏省社会科学基金项目“奥斯丁小说中的经济叙事与道德主题研究”

（18WBB006）的阶段性成果之一。

Title: Austen’s Factor in the Contemporary English Novel: A Case Study of Long-

bourn and Atonement

ABSTRACT: While respectively writing Longbourn and Atonement in the 1960s’

tradition of critically re-writing of classical texts, the contemporary British novelists Jo

Baker and Ian McEwan turned their glare to the classical writer Jane Austen and creative-

ly used Austen’s factor in the aspects of narrative style, characterization, and the construc-

tion of theme. By following the belief of intertextuality between contemporary literature

and classical literature, they inherited traditional literary heritage and offered valuable

experience for the composition of contemporary English novel, mutually boosting the firm

literary reputation of Austen and the promotion of their literary position.

Keywords: Austen’s factor, Longbourn, Atonement, literary legacy

Author: Zhang Xin is a professor of English at School of

Foreign Languages, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China (213001), spe-

cializing in British and American Literature.

论《纵横交错的世界》中的非自然叙事元素

蔡 斌 冯元晨

内容提要： 《纵横交错的世界》是英国作家阿莉·史密斯的一部后现代新锐之

作，小说中非线性的时间结构、不稳定的叙述视角、叙述声音和独特的互文性建构等

后现代叙述策略，无不体现出其反模仿和非规约的“非自然”叙事特点。本文通过非

自然叙事理论，从叙述时间、叙述视角以及虚构性层面分析这部小说叙事结构中的

非自然元素，以此来解读这部后现代作品独特的叙事和艺术思想，进而得出非自然

叙事与自然叙事之间存在辩证性，与后现代文本本质上存在共通性的结论。

关键词： 《纵横交错的世界》 非自然叙事 互文性 叙述视角 虚构性

作者简介：蔡斌，河海大学外国语学院教授，主要研究方向为英美文学；冯元晨，

河海大学外国语言文学专业研究生，主要研究方向为当代英国文学。

Title: On the Unnatural Narrative Elements in Ali Smith’s There But For The

ABSTRACT: There But For The, a postmodern cutting-edge novel written by Ali

Smith, boasts a postmodern narrative strategy of nonlinear time structure, unstable narra-

tive perspective and voices, as well as unique intertextuality embodying its anti-mimetic

and non-conventional narrative features. From the perspective of unnatural narratology,

this article, in an endeavor to analyse the unnatural narrative elements of this novel in the

aspects of temporality, narrative perspective and fictionality, intends to discuss the edge of

unnatural narratology, explore the inextricable relationships between postmodern novels

and unnatural narrative, and reveal the unique style of narrative and artistic ideas hidden

in this novel. However, there is dialectics between natural and unnatural narratives, and

there exists an intercommunity between unnatural narrative and postmodern texts.

Keywords: There But For The, unnatural narratology, intertextuality, narrative per-

spective, fictionality

Authors: Cai Bin is a professor at the College of International

Languages and Cultures, Hohai University, Nanjing, China (211100), specializing

in British and American literature. Feng Yuanchen is

a graduate student at the College of International Languages and Cultures, Hohai

University, Nanjing, China (211100), majoring in contemporary English literature.

论纳博科夫在当代英美小说史上的影响

肖 谊

内容提要：纳博科夫在当代英美小说史上的影响可从批评家对他的赏识及小说

家们对他的高度评价中略见一斑。他被频繁地以不同方式写入当代小说文本之中。

本文在梳理纳博科夫学术史的基础上，考察其在当代小说文本中出现的历程，及在

英美批评界地位的确立。通过检视当代英美作家对纳博科夫的相关论述，论文揭示

了纳博科夫在当代英美小说史上的巨大影响。

关键词：纳博科夫　当代英美小说　影响

作者简介：肖谊，四川外国语大学研究生院教授，博士生导师，主要从事英美文

学研究。本文为四川外国语大学研究生教育优质课程“美国后现代文学批评”的部

分研究成果。

Title: Nabokov’s Influence on the History of Contemporary Anglo-American

Fiction

ABSTRACT: Vladimir Nabokov’s influence on contemporary Anglo-American

fiction can be glimpsed from the high appraisal of his works by critics and other contem-

porary novelists. Moreover, Nabokov has been written frequently into different texts of

contemporary fiction. This paper surveys Nabokov studies to trace how critics and An-

glo-American novelists have established Nabokov’s place in literature. Appearing in vari-

ous texts of contemporary fiction, this seminal literary author has exerted a great influence

on contemporary Anglo-American fiction.

Keywords: Vladimir Nabokov, cotemporary Anglo-American fiction, influence

Author: Xiao Yi is a professor at the Graduate School of

Sichuan International Studies, Chongqing, China (400031), specializing in contemporary

Anglo-American literature.

难民小说《西去》中的后国族伦理共同体建构

朱荣华

内容提要：巴基斯坦裔英国作家莫欣·哈米德的《西去》以难民危机为叙事主

题，思考了共同体与暴力、多样态共同体的建构等问题。人们赖以生存的共同体往

往成为社会矛盾和暴力冲突的主要受害者，但当一个共同体偏执于自身利益或者着

力净化自身时，它又可能成为暴力的实施者。小说以全球性视域消解传统共同体概

念对同一性的追求，并在民族国家持续存在和全球交流日趋频繁的社会语境中，描

述了共同体多样态发展的可能性。从追求同一性的共同体走向互为主体的共通体的

主张成为作者在《西去》中为解决新世纪难民危机问题进行的一次诗学探索，召唤读

者积极参与建构一种具有后国族伦理性质的共同体。

关键词：莫欣·哈米德 《西去》 难民共同体　后国族伦理

作者简介：朱荣华，江苏师范大学外国语学院教授，主要从事英美文学研究。

Title: The Construction of Postnational Ethics of Community in the Refugee Fiction

Exit West

ABSTRACT: Exit West, a refugee fiction by the British-Pakistani novelist Mohsin

Hamid, explores such issues as the relationship between community and violence, and the

construction of multiple forms of communities. Communities on which people depend

for their livelihood frequently suffer from violence and social conflict. However, a com-

munity which concentrates on its own interests or purity may become itself a source of

violence. From a global perspective, the novel aims to deconstruct the pursuit of sameness

in the traditional concept of community. It also explores the possibilities of building mul-

tiple forms of communities in the context of coexisting nation-states and globalization.

In search of a key to the refugee crisis, Exit West imagines a community tolerant of dif-

ferences and, advocating mutual benefits, calls on readers to participate positively in the

construction of a community structured by postnational ethics.

Keywords: Mohsin Hamid, Exit West, refugee community, postnational ethics

Author: Zhu Ronghua is a professor at the School of For-

eign Studies, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China (211025), specializing in British

and American literature.

从新? 物质主义视角看《熊的神话》对人类与

非人类自然的后人文书写

邱小轻

内容提要：瑞克·巴斯的中篇《熊的神话》的叙事重点是人与自然的关系，若注

意到这点，就能对人生神话论有较清晰的认识。此外，拟人化是自然书写的一个争

论点，《熊的神话》却大量使用拟人及拟物手法，其效果值得探讨。本文从新物质主

义视角解读该中篇，发现拟物手法与感官词汇的频繁使用彰显了荒野强大施事能力，

人物的身体与行为由此表现出明显动物性。拟人手法的大量使用则不仅使动物得以

言说自己的故事，展示出不俗感知力和认知水平，还生动展现了人与动物的内在互

动。人物对熊的有限认识则暴露了人类认知的有限性，凸显了物的实体存在。总体

而言， 《熊的神话》充分展示了非人类自然的本体地位，体现出明显的去人类中心思

想，传递着强烈的环保诉求。

关键词：瑞克·巴斯 《熊的神话》 新物质主义 施事能力

作者简介：邱小轻，广东外语外贸大学教授，主要研究叙事学和现当代英美文

学。本文系2018年度国家社会科学基金一般项目“物叙事理论建构与批评实践研

究”（18BWW003）阶段性成果。

Title: Human and Non-Human Nature: A New-Materialist Reading of Posthumanist

Writing in “The Myths of Bears”

ABSTRACT: Some critics read Rick Bass’s “The Myths of Bears” as a fable of

marriage; in fact, what dominates the narrative is the relationship between human and

non-human nature. Anthropomorphism has been a debatable device in nature writing but

“The Myth of Bears” is replete with examples of anthropomorphism and metamorphosis.

This paper reads the novella through the lens of new materialism, and argues that Bass’s

frequent use of both metamorphosis and sensory terms fully reveals the agency of nature,

which is manifest in the three characters’ occasional loss of self-control, as well as their

animal-like behavior. The abundant use of anthropomorphism endows non-human ani-

mals with the ability to speak, demonstrates their perceptive and cognitive abilities, and

presents the close interaction between human and non-human animals. The three charac-

ters’ limited knowledge of the bear exposes the limitations of epistemology and highlights

the substantial reality of objects. On the whole, by fully revealing the ontological status of

non-human nature, “The Myth of Bears” expresses a clear anti-anthropocentric view and

delivers a strong environmentalist message.

Keywords: Rick Bass, “The Myths of Bears”, new materialism, agency

Author: Qiu Xiaoqing is a professor at Guangdong

University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, China (510420), specializing in narratology

and contemporary Anglo-American literature.

论希尼与民族性建构

何 宁

内容提要：当代爱尔兰诗人谢默斯·希尼对当代爱尔兰民族性的建构具有极为

重要的影响。希尼在多年的创作生涯中，通过诗歌创作、诗学评论和经典翻译来深

入勾画当代爱尔兰民族的精神世界，呈现出与英格兰主流文化截然不同的爱尔兰文

化，塑造了自成一体的当代爱尔兰民族传统。希尼通过自己的诗歌创作来书写当代

爱尔兰民族文化的精神家园，以诗学评论来解构英格兰诗歌的霸权，并运用对英语

经典诗歌的翻译来彻底颠覆英格兰在英语文学中的中心地位，从而成功地建构了独

立的当代爱尔兰民族性。

关键词：谢默斯·希尼　爱尔兰诗歌　民族身份

作者简介：何宁，南京大学外国语学院教授，主要从事英美文学研究。本文为国

家社科基金重点项目“当代苏格兰诗歌研究”（18AWW009）阶段性成果。

Title: Seamus Heaney and Irish Identity

ABSTRACT: As the most influential contemporary Irish poet, Seamus Heaney plays

a significant role in constructing Irish national identity in the 20th and 21st centuries. Con-

sidered the most important Irish poet since W. B. Yeats, Heaney follows his predecessor’s

path in challenging the traditionally dominant role of British poetry through his poetry,

literary criticism and translation. Speaking for Northern Ireland, Heaney finds a poetic

voice that demonstrates Irishness and separates itself from the dominant English discourse

through reconstructing Irish national mythology. By analyzing the landscape in the works

of mainstream English poets, Heaney points out the diminished influence of Britain and

deconstructs its imperial power over Ireland. Heaney’s translation of Beowulf has become

the authoritative modern English version of the classic poem in Old English and its Irish

component subverts England’s dominant role in English literature. Through his poetic

works, literary criticism and translation, Heaney constructs a contemporary Irish national

identity that divorces itself from English influence.

Keywords: Seamus Heaney, Irish poetry, national identity

Author: He Ning is a professor in the English Department,

Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (210023), specializing in literatures in English.

黑一雄陌生化叙事对《浮世画家》普世主题的构建

赵　妍　南健翀

内容提要： 本文以形式主义的“陌生化”理论和布斯的小说修辞学理论为研究

基础，从不可靠的叙述者、读者期待视野的颠倒以及作者对艺术与真实张力关系的

平衡三个维度对石黑一雄的《浮世画家》进行文本分析，意在管窥石黑一雄早期作品

对普世主题的构建。石黑一雄使用通用的文学主题，例如正义、人本、良知，以陌生

化叙事观照个体和集体对自我存在、历史意识和民族认同的重构。《浮世画家》是对

普世主题的初步搭建，具有人类普遍特性的国际主义写作称得上是作家石黑一雄心

之所善的文学自觉。

关键词： 石黑一雄　《浮世画家》　陌生化叙事　普世主题　文学自觉

作者简介： 赵妍，西安外国语大学英文学院博士生，西安外国语大学欧美文学研

究中心/英文学院讲师，研究方向为英国文学；南健翀，西安外国语大学英文学院教

授，博士生导师，主要研究方向为英国文学、中西比较诗学。本文系国家社科基金项

目“英国曼布克文学的文学生产研究”（17BWW086）和陕西省教育厅专项“石黑一

雄早期作品对普世主题的构建”（19JK0698）的阶段性成果。

Title: Defamiliarization through Narration: Constructing Universal Themes in Ka-

zuo Ishiguro’s An Artist of the Floating World

ABSTRACT: Based on the Russian formalist concept of “defamiliarization” and

Wayne C. Booth’s rhetoric of fiction, this paper studies Kazuo Ishiguro’s An Artist of the

Floating World from three dimensions—the unreliable narrator, the reversal of the read-

er’s expectation horizon and the authorial balancing between art and reality—to explore

Ishiguro’ construction of universal themes in this early novel. Ishiguro employs common

literary themes, such as justice, humanity and morality, and uses defamiliarizing narrative

devices to examine individual and collective reconstructions of self-existence, historical

consciousness and national identity. An Artist of the Floating World works as Ishiguro’s

initial construction of universal themes, and such international writing with universal con-

cerns marks his ideal literary consciousness.

Keywords: Kazuo Ishiguro, An Artist of the Floating World , defamiliarization, uni-

versal theme, literary consciousness

Authors: Zhao Yan is a doctoral student and a lecturer

at the European and American Literature Study Center and the School of English Studies,

Xi’an International Studies University, Xi’an, China (710128), specializing in British lit-

erature. Nan Jianchong is a professor at the School of English

Studies, Xi’an International Studies University, Xi’an, China (710128). His research areas

focus on British literature and Chinese-Western comparative poetics.

“门槛叙事”的镜像隐喻与诗学哲思

— 评彼得·汉德克《痛苦的中国人》

张 帆 徐林峰

内容提要：诺奖得主彼得·汉德克小说《痛苦的中国人》与地理文化意义上

的“中国人”几无关联，作为叙事悬念的他者性身份是主人公克服内心痛苦的隐喻。

“门槛”作为贯穿整部小说的叙事要素，兼具物象与意象内涵，承载了作者对人类存

在和精神境遇的现实关切与诗性哲思，在时空维度钩联古今东西，在自我与他者的

交互映射中寻求主体性建构，进而在虚空的诗意世界中完成对异化生存空间的修复

与救赎。极具反思性的“门槛叙事”创造出叙事行为的诗学隐喻与审美事件，开掘出

新的叙事可能性。

关键词：彼得·汉德克 《痛苦的中国人》 门槛叙事

作者简介：张帆，上海外国语大学德语系教授，博士生导师，研究方向为德语文

学；徐林峰，上海外国语大学德语系博士生，研究方向为德语文学。本文为教育部哲

学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“‘中国故事’在世界文学中的征引阐释及启示研

究”（20JZD046）、国家社会科学基金项目“德国女性文学创伤叙事与修复机制研究”

（19BWW062）的阶段性成果。

Title: The Mirror Metaphor and Poetic Philosophy of “Threshold Narrative”—On

The Painful Chinese by Peter Handke

ABSTRACT: Nobel Prize winner Peter Handke’s novel The Painful Chinese has

almost nothing to do with China or the Chinese in the geographical and cultural sense. As

a narrative device of suspense, the identity of the other is a metaphor for the protagonist

overcoming his inner pain. “Threshold, ” a key narrative element throughout the novel,

has both literal and figurative connotations. It carries the author’s pragmatic and poetic

philosophy towards human existence and the spiritual condition. “Threshold narrative”

not only connects ancient and modern times, and eastern and western worlds, but also

constructs subjectivity through an interactive mapping of self and the other. Furthermore,

it restores and redeems the alienated living space in an empty poetic world. The highly re-

flective “threshold narrative” creates poetic metaphors and aesthetic events, and explores

new narrative possibilities.

Keywords: Peter Handke, The Painful Chinese, threshold narrative

Authors: Zhang Fan is a professor at the Department of

German Studies, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China (200083),

specializing in German literature. Xu Linfengis a Ph.D.

candidate at the Department of German Studies at Shanghai International Studies

University, specializing in German literature.

加缪《婚礼集》中的符号隐喻

张新木

内容提要：加缪的《婚礼集》似乎描写了北非的自然风光、古罗马遗迹以及人类

与自然的“婚礼”。然而，对死亡意识的唤醒和对荒诞意识的揭示激发了对存在意识

的觉悟。通过自然风景的描写，生活场景的再现，对存在现象的凝视，作品构建了一

个表现存在与荒诞的符号体系。这些符号旨在唤醒人们的存在意识，召唤人们担当

起自己的存在，探讨和学习新的生活艺术，通过讴歌人类与自然的婚礼，去寻找一种

生存的诗意。

关键词：死亡 荒谬 存在意识 生存诗意

作者简介：张新木，南京大学外国语学院教授。主要研究领域为文学符号学和

法国文学。

Title: Semiotic Metaphors in Camus’s Wedding

ABSTRACT: Albert Camus’s Wedding seemingly describes the natural beauty of

North Africa, Roman ruins and the “wedding” between humanity and nature. However,

the book’s awakening of a consciousness of death and the revelation of absurdity aim

to inspire a consciousness of existence. Through its description of natural scenery,

representation of scenes from life and contemplation on existence, the work constructs

a semiotic system that intends to awaken people to a consciousness of existence, to call

people to explore and learn a new art of living, and, through a wedding between humanity

and nature, find poetry in existence.

Keywords: death, absurdity, consciousness of existence, poetry in existence

Author: Zhang Xinmu is a professor at the School of

Foreign Studies, Nanjing University, China (210093). His major field is literary semiotics

and French literature.

审美? 现代性的追求：比较分析布迪厄与卡桑

诺瓦的文学场研究模式

陶家俊

内容提要：本文比较分析皮埃尔·布迪厄的文化生产场理论、帕斯卡尔·卡桑

诺瓦的国际文学空间理论以及两种文学场研究模式的异同。理论基础、研究对象、

文学民族主义政治立场、破解文学本体论的侧重点等方面的不同决定了两种模式的

差异。相同之处主要包括：全面颠覆文学本体论，确立基于差异原则的文学关联认

知模式；将审美现代性确立为绝对的参照标准；肯定文学场与经济领域、政治权力场

剥离意义上的自律；揭示获取文学合法性的认可和声誉机制。

关键词：布迪厄　卡桑诺瓦　审美现代性 文化生产场 国际文学空间

作者简介：陶家俊，北京外国语大学英语学院教授、博士生导师。主要研究方

向：英语文学、西方批评理论、比较文学、跨文化研究。本论文为国家社科基金重点

项目（20AWW001）的阶段性成果。

Title: The Pursuit of Aesthetic Modernity: A Comparative Study of Two Modes of

Literary Field by Bourdieu and Casanova

ABSTRACT: This article analyzes Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of the field of cultur-

al production and Pascale Casanova’s theory of international literary space to scrutinize

the similarities and differences between the two modes of approaching the literary field.

Their differences with regards to theoretical basis, research objective, political position on

literary nationalism and their respective focuses when deconstructing literary ontology,

lead to considerable differences between the two modes. But they do share some similari-

ties, including their thorough subversion of literary ontology and their argument for some

cognitive modes of literary relationality based on the difference principle; their absolute

referential standard of aesthetic modernity; their belief in the autonomy of the literary field

independent of the economic field and the field of political power; and their disclosures of

the mechanisms of recognition and reputation in the process of acquiring literary legitimacy.

Keywords: Pierre Bourdieu, Pascale Casanova, aesthetic modernity, field of cultural

production, international literary space

Author: Tao Jiajun is a professor at the School of English

and International Studies, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing, China (100089),

specializing in English literature, western critical theory, comparative literature and trans-

cultural studies.

比尔·布朗之“物论”及对叙事研究的启迪

宁一中

内容提要：自21世纪初，西方在前人的基础上，出现了对“物”的新探讨，这一

探讨又引发了文学研究中对物叙事的研究。比尔·布朗作为这一潮流的引领者之

一，对物进行了多方面的研究，提出了关于物的许多新观点。本文通过对布朗著述

的分析，总结其对物进行探讨的四个主要方面的贡献，并在此基础上论述其理论对

文学物叙事研究的启示。

关键词：比尔·布朗　物论　叙事　主体间性　文本物质主义

作者简介：宁一中，博士，深圳大学/北京语言大学教授。主要研究兴趣为叙事

学、英美文学。

Title: Bill Brown’s “Thing Theory” and Its Significance for Narrative Studies

ABSTRACT: Since the beginning of the 21 st century, Western philosophy has wit-

nessed a revived interest in “things”; this has in turn triggered research interest in “things”

in literary studies. As one of the most important proponents of this new trend, Bill Brown

explored many facets of the “thing” and put forth innovative ideas. This article summariz-

es the four major aspects of his theory and examines how his theory illuminates the study

of things in literary narratives.

Keywords: Bill Brown, thing theory, narrative, intersubjectivity, textual materialism

Author: Ning Yizhong is a professor at Shenzhen Uni-

versity and Beijing Language and Culture University. His research interests include narra-

tive studies and British and American literature.

论幽灵批评的理论“渊源”、研究范式与发展趋势

申富英 靳晓冉

内容提要： “幽灵批评”也称“幽灵侵扰学”，兴起于20世纪八九十年代，虽没有

明晰的理论源头，但与精神分析、解构主义、废墟美学等存在着呼应和互动，同时在

批评实践中日渐与其它学科相交融，不断拓展研究边界，丰富完善研究范式，发展成

为一种综合性强、生命力旺盛的文学批评潮流。目前幽灵批评常见的范式往往是以

哥特文学、（后）现代主义文学等为研究对象，以心理分析、解构主义、叙事学、新历

史主义、后殖民主义等理论为参照，其研究内容涉及哲学、语言、历史、民族、性别、

文化、视觉艺术、动物、赛博空间、地理心理学、数字人文等研究领域，表现出鲜明的

物质和伦理转向趋势。

关键词：幽灵批评 理论 研究范式 研究趋势 研究范畴

作者简介：申富英，山东大学翻译学院院长、外国语学院副院长，教授、博士生导

师，主要从事英美现代主义文学研究。靳晓冉，山东大学外国语学院博士生，主要从

事英国现当代文学研究。本文为国家社科基金项目“詹姆斯·乔伊斯作品幽灵叙事

形式研究”（13BWW043）、山东大学人文社会科学重大研究项目“外国文学中的人

类命运共同体愿景研究”（18RWZD04）的阶段性成果。

Title: On the Origins, Paradigms and Trends of Spectral Criticism

ABSTRACT: Spectral criticism, also called hauntology, first emerged in the 1980s

and 1990s and has been thriving since the beginning of the 21st century, and may keep

exerting a profound impact on literary criticism in the coming decades. This critical ap-

proach does not have definite theoretical origins, but echoes and interacts with psycho-

analysis, deconstruction theory, and the aesthetics of ruins. Merging and interacting with

other disciplines, it has broadened its scope of research and diversified its paradigm to

become a comprehensive and vigorous trend in literary theory. At present, the research

paradigms of spectral criticism are usually as follows: it often takes gothic literature and

(post) modernist literature as its subject matter and adopts theoretical perspectives such

as psychoanalysis, deconstructionism, narratology, new historicism, and postcolonialism.

Spectral criticism involves philosophy, language, history, nation and race, sex and gender,

culture, visual arts, animal, cyberspace, geopsychology and digital humanities, and now

takes a distinct material and ethical turn.

Keywords: spectral criticism, theory, paradigm, research tendency, scope of research

Authors: Shen Fuying is a professor at the School of Foreign

Languages and Literature, Shandong University, Jinan, China (250100), specializing in

British and American modernist literature. Jin Xiaoran is a

doctoral student at the School of Foreign Languages and Literature, Shandong University,

Jinan, China (250100). Her research interests include modern and contemporary British

literature.

“叙述者之死”

— 帕特隆叙事诗学理论简述

曹丹红

内容提要：近年来，法国学者帕特隆聚焦叙事中的叙述者，借鉴汉伯格、黑田成

幸、班菲尔德及纽约州立大学布法罗分校一批认知学者的语言及叙述理论，提出了

独特的叙述者观，有别于以热奈特开创的叙事学为代表的“泛交际主义”观点，指出

并非一切叙事均是交际行为，并非一切叙事都有叙述者。帕特隆将自己的研究命名

为叙事的非交际或诗学理论，该研究从新的视角出发尝试厘清叙事及叙述者概念，

坚持从语言形式层面寻找叙事分析依据，在拓展叙事研究方法、丰富叙事研究内涵、

促进叙事研究严谨性等方面做出了贡献。

关键词：帕特隆 叙事的非交际或诗学理论 叙述者 无叙述者叙事

作者简介：曹丹红，南京大学外国语学院法语系教授，主要从事翻译学、法国文论研

究。本文系国家社科基金一般项目“当代法国诗学研究”（17BWW011）阶段性成果。

Title: “The Death of the Narrator”: On Sylvie Patron’s Poetic Theories of Narrative

ABSTRACT: In her recent works, French scholar Sylvie Patro reconsiders the

concept of the narrator. Drawing on theoretical works on language and narration by Käte

Hamburger, S.-Y. Kuroda, Ann Banfield and a group of cognitive researchers at the State

University of New York at Buffalo, she proposes an alternative way to think about the

narrator that no longer relies on the pan-communicative conception represented in Gé-

rard Genette’s narratology. She points out that not all narratives are communications and

that not all narratives have a narrator. Patron calls her research “non-communicational or

poetic theories of narrative, ” an attempt to clarify the concepts of narrative and narrator

from a new perspective, and to insist on the importance of linguistic and formal evidence

for narrative analyses. By doing so, Patron’s work broadens the methodology for narrative

studies, enriches the research area and calls for more rigour in the field.

Keywords: Sylvie Patron, non-communicational or poetic theories of narrative, nar-

rator, narrative without narrator

Author: Cao Danhong is a professor at the School of Foreign

Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (210023). Her research interests include

translation studies and French literary theory.

东欧新马克思主义艺术自律的主要形态与核心价值

彭成广

内容提要：由于特定的历史体验和差异性的文化反思，艺术自律在东欧新马克

思主义与西方马克思主义之间的表达诉求、观念主张乃至价值指向等方面都存有明

显差异。东欧新马克思主义的艺术自律思想包括对艺术终结论的批判性立场、对大

众文化的辩证性分析、对现代技术与艺术可能性的集中论述等；其核心价值主要体

现在，既可厘清艺术自律与现代性场域的悖论关系，进而重新审视现代美学学科乃

至现代性的悖论性结构；也可透视现代艺术审美活动在艺术终结论、大众文化、现代

技术等多重遭遇之后存在的可能性、合法性、作用功能，进而拓宽艺术自律的现有内

涵；还深刻体现出重构现代人在技术理性、文化危机与社会异化中价值空间的努力，

具有悲壮坚韧的人道主义力量。

关键词：东欧新马克思主义 艺术自律 艺术终结论 大众文化 现代技术

作者简介：彭成广，博士，西南民族大学中国语言文学学院讲师，主要从事东欧

新马克思主义美学研究。本文为国家社科基金重大项目“东欧马克思主义美学文献

整理与研究”（15ZDB022）及2020年度四川省社科规划项目“东欧新马克思主义审

美自律思想研究”（SC20A018）的阶段性成果。

Title: The Autonomy of Art in Eastern European Neo-Marxism: Main Forms and

Core Values

ABSTRACT: The autonomy of art is an important modern proposition, which needs

to be discussed across multiple dimensions. There are obvious differences between East-

ern European Neo-Marxism and Western Marxism in their position on the autonomy of

art in terms of appeals, ideas and values. Eastern European Neo-Marxism is mainly con-

cerned with discussions about the ends of art, dialectical analysis of mass culture, as well

as modern technology and the possibility of art. Its core values primarily involve its inten-

tion in clarifying the complex relationship between artistic self-discipline and the field of

modernity, and then re-examining the paradoxical structure of modern aesthetics and mo-

dernity. It also analyzes the possibility, legitimacy and function of modern aesthetics and

art after encountering the so-called closure of art, mass culture and modern technology, so

as to broaden the existing connotations of “artistic autonomy”. It also reflects the modern-

ists’ humanitarian value in spite of their entangled alienation and cultural crises.

Keywords: Eastern European Neo-Marxism, autonomy of art, end of art, mass cul-

ture, modern technology

Author: Peng Chengguang is a lecturer at the College of

Chinese Language and Literature, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China (610225),

specializing in aesthetics of Eastern European neo-Marxism.

当代英国戏剧家彼得·谢弗研究综述

范 浩

内容提要：彼得·谢弗是当代英美剧坛中罕见的具备大众感染力的严肃剧作家。

然而，由于精英文化的影响，戏剧研究者青睐的往往是先锋剧作家，雅俗共赏的谢弗

并未受到应有重视。在多元主义方兴未艾的今天，有必要重新审视这位兼容并包的

戏剧家，公允地评价其戏剧理论与实践。本文对20世纪60年代至今英美及国内谢

弗研究动态做简要梳理与评述。

关键词：谢弗 英国戏剧 戏剧批评

作者简介：范浩，南京大学英语系讲师，主要从事英美戏剧研究。本文系江苏省社

科基金一般项目“彼得·谢弗戏剧创作与中国影响研究”（17WWB001）和国家社科

基金艺术学重大项目“当代欧美戏剧理论前沿问题研究”（18ZD06）的阶段性成果。

Title: A Survey of Peter Shaffer Criticism since the1960s

ABSTRACT: Among contemporary British and American serious playwrights,

Peter Shaffer is marked by his phenomenal appeal to broad-based audiences. However,

due to the influence of elitism, scholars tend to favor avant-garde dramatists over those

with popular appeal. In the pluralist context of today, there is a need to both reexamine

this dramatist that speaks to audiences from different backgrounds and to provide a fairer

evaluation of his theory and practice. This essay intends to give a brief survey of Shaffer

studies in Britain, America and China from the 1960s to now.

Keywords: Peter Shaffer, contemporary British drama, theatre practice

Author: Fan Hao is a lecturer at the English Department, Nan-

jing University, Nanjing, China (210023), specializing in British and American drama.