纵向拉伸强度是单向 (UD) 复合材料或层板的重要基本特性，通常控制多向层压板的失效。标准拉伸测试方法几乎总是导致夹具附近的样品失效。有限元分析揭示了标准推荐设计的选项卡部分中存在多轴应力集中，包括纵向应力、横向应力和剪应力。关于这些应力集中的原因以及消除它们的方法仍然存在未知和不确定性。主要挑战是在规格部分获得可接受的失效并产生单向复合材料的最高拉伸强度。本文回顾了对单向复合材料进行准静态和疲劳拉伸试验的不同方法。使用现有的实验和建模研究来审查应力集中的主要来源以及影响它们的参数。我们调查了不同样本和端片设计以及测试设置对准静态和疲劳载荷的影响。针对每个讨论的参数提出了具体建议，以获得更可靠的结果。

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The longitudinal tensile strength is an important basic property of unidirectional (UD) composites or plies that often governs failure in multidirectional laminates. The standard tensile testing methods almost always result in sample failure near the grip. Finite element analyses revealed the presence of multiaxial stress concentrations, including longitudinal, transverse, and shear stresses in the tabbed section of the standards’ recommended design. There are still unknowns and uncertainties about the causes of these stress concentrations and ways to eliminate them. A major challenge is obtaining acceptable failure within the gauge section and yielding the highest tensile strength of UD composites. This paper reviews the different methods for performing quasi-static and fatigue tensile tests on UD composites. The primary sources of stress concentrations and the parameters that affect them are reviewed using the available experimental and modeling investigations. We survey the effects of the different specimen and end tab designs as well as test setups on quasi-static and fatigue loading. Specific proposals are made for each of the discussed parameters for more reliable results.