Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, the pathogenesis of which has long been a hotspot of medical research but remained difficult to clarify. The selection of suitable animal models for the study of Crohn’s disease is particularly important to discover potential therapeutic targets and develop new therapeutic options. As biotechnology advances, the animal models available for studying Crohn’ s disease are becoming more diverse, from the original chemically induced animal models to later spontaneous animal models, cell transplantation animal models, to the widely used genetically engineered animal models available today, giving researchers more and more suitable options. This paper provides an overview of the pathogenesis and advantages and disadvantages of these animal models, providing a reference for basic research.