对比，是英语中常见的逻辑关系之一。本文整理了一些英文中常用的表示对比的说法。

1. on the one hand ..., on the other hand（一方面......，另一方面）

例： (On the one hand), if the body doesn't have enough cholesterol, we would not be able to survive.On the other hand, if the body has too much cholesterol, the excess begins to line the arteries.

翻译：从一方面讲，如果身体没有足够的胆固醇，我们不可能生存。从另外一方面讲，如果身体的胆固醇过高，血管可能会硬化。

小注：这里需要注意下括号里的 on the one hand 是可以省略的。

2. instead of （不是......，而是）

例： They raised prices and cut production, instead of cutting costs.

翻译：他们没有削减成本，而是提高了价格，减少了产量。

3. by contrast (与......相比 / 相比之下)

例： She had almost failed the exam, but her sister, by contrast, had done very well.

翻译：她考试差点不及格，相比之下，她的妹妹考得很好。

4. in contrast (与......相比 / 相比之下)

例： In contrast with their system, ours seems very old-fashioned.

翻译：跟他们的制度相比，我们的显得过于守旧了。

小注：一般来说，搭配为 by / in contrast to sb.，by / in contrast with sth.。

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