时序数据库全称为时间序列数据库。时间序列数据库主要用于指处理带时间标签（按照时间的顺序变化，即时间序列化）的数据，带时间标签的数据也称为时间序列数据。时序数据的兴起还是榜上了物联网的大风。物联网（Internet of Things，简称IOT）是指通过各种信息传感器实时采集任何需要管理设备的信息，并进行管理。物联网的基础数据具有数据量大、结构单一、时间属性强、查询简单等特点，传统的关系型数据库在面对物联网数据时，显得应对发力，基本上属于功能过剩但性能不足。 目前最新的DB-Engine上时序数据库排名如下(2024/4/10 更新):

2013 DBMS for storing time series, events and metrics www.influxdata.com

InfluxDB empowers developers to build IoT, analytics and monitoring software. It is purpose-built to handle the massive volumes and countless sources of time-stamped data produced by sensors, applications and infrastructure.

2015 Open-source TimeSeries DBMS and monitoring system prometheus.io/

Prometheus is an open-source systems monitoring and alerting toolkit originally built at SoundCloud. Since its inception in 2012, many companies and organizations have adopted Prometheus, and the project has a very active developer and user community. It is now a standalone open source project and maintained independently of any company. To emphasize this, and to clarify the project’s governance structure, Prometheus joined the Cloud Native Computing Foundation in 2016 as the second hosted project, after Kubernetes.

2000 High performance Time Series DBMS kx.com

2017 A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL www.timescale.com

2006 Data logging and graphing tool for time series data github.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-web

2018 Time Series DBMS for big data, integrated with a lightweight distributed computing framework and a vector programming language www.dolphindb.com

DolphinDB is a high performance time-series database. It is integrated with an easy-to-use fully featured programming language and a high-volume high-velocity streaming analytics system. DolphinDB offers operational simplicity, scalability, fault tolerance, and concurrency.

2012 Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data druid.apache.org

One of the modules of TDengine is the time-series database. However, in addition to this, to reduce the complexity of research and development and the difficulty of system operation, TDengine also provides functions such as caching, message queuing, subscription, stream computing, etc. TDengine provides a full-stack technical solution for the processing of IoT and Industrial Internet BigData. It is an efficient and easy-to-use IoT Big Data platform.

TDengine uses standard SQL language to provide main functions and follow standardization specifications. www.taosdata.com/

QuestDB is an open source columnar database that specializes in time series. It offers category-leading ingestion throughput and fast SQL queries with operational simplicity. QuestDB helps reduce operational costs and overcome ingestion bottlenecks, and can greatly simplify overall ingress infrastructure. With a broad array of official support for ingestion protocols like InfluxDB Line Protocol & PostgreSQL Wire Protocol, third-party tools and language clients, it is quick to start.

1999 Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. oss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool RRDtool is the OpenSource industry standard, high performance data logging and graphing system for time series data. RRDtool can be easily integrated in shell scripts, perl, python, ruby, lua or tcl applications.