never, seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely的区别

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never, seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely的区别

2024-07-12 23:26| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

请专家老师分析一下 never, seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely 这些否定副词的用法及其区别。感觉它们除了意思有点不同外,其他没什么区别似的。甚至除了 never 之外,其余几个词的在意思上的区别很小。使用时总是拿不准。谢谢老师!

解答如下:

【1】Rarely和seldom意思都是“很少”(表频率),seldom更正式、更书面。

People rarely ask questions.

人们很少问问题。

She was seldom seen in public.

很少在公众场合看见她。

【2】hardly和scarcely意思都是“几乎不”或者“刚刚”(表程度)。

You hardly had time to do something

意味着你几乎没时间做某事。相比之下scarcely更正式、更书面。

I hardly had time to ask her name.

我几乎没时间去问她叫什么名字。

We scarcely have time for breakfast.

我们几乎没有吃早饭的时间。

We had scarcely arrived when he asked us to leave.

我们才刚刚到他就叫我们走了。

He had scarcely escaped when he was recaptured.

他刚逃掉就被逮住了。

备注(1):与动词can连用

Her case is so heavy that she can hardly lift it.

她的箱子太重了,她简直提不起来。

You can scarcely expect me to believe that.

别以为我相信那件事。

I could scarcely recognize him.

我简直认不出他来了。

This can scarcely be true.

事实决不会是这样的。

备注(2):也可以和其他动词连用 

Scarcely do I know him.

我同他不那么熟。

I hardly know him.

我不太认识他。(我只是与他认识而已。)

I scarcely think so.我可不这么想。

备注:不要把副词hard与hardly搞混:

He looked hard at it.

他使劲地盯着它看。(他在盯着它。)

He hardly looked at it.

他几乎没看它。(他瞄了它一眼。)

【3】.hardly和scarcely也可以与ever连用,表示“很少,几乎从不”;与any连用,表示“很少,几乎没有”,但scarcely主要意为“不到”、“不足”:

He hardly ever goes fishing

他很少出去钓鱼。 

I hardly /scarcely ever go out.

我很少外出。(我极少外出。)

It hardly rained at all last summer.

去年夏天没怎么下雨。 

They scarcely ever used the emergency generator

He has hardly any money.

他几乎没有钱。(非常少)

I've got hardly any money left.

我几乎没剩一点钱。

Hardly anyone agreed with her.

几乎没人同意她。

We've scarcely any money left.

我们几乎一点钱不剩。

There were scarcely twenty people there.

那儿连20个人都没有。

There is scarcely a man but has his weak side.

无缺点的人几乎没有。

He was scarcely sixteen when he joined the army.

他参军时刚刚十六岁。

He is scarcely so tall as you.

他没有你这样高。

【4】在演讲时,通常都说hardly ever do something,而不说rarely do something。

I hardly ever go to the cinema.

我几乎从不去电影院。

【5】hardly, scarcely, barely这些副词均含“几乎不”之意。hardly:指接近最低限度,差不多没有多余,强调困难和程度。scarcely:指不太充分,不太够,不足,不能令人满意,强调数量。barely:指仅仅够,一点不多,强调没有多余。 意为“不超过”、“仅仅”:

There were barely twenty people there.那儿不超过20个人。(刚刚20个)

I can barely see it.我勉强看得见它。(我只能看见而已。)

They could barely hear the speaker

【6】seldom 很少rarely(表示次数频率)hardly和scarcely几乎不 (表示程度)

(1)seldom rarely (次数)很少(几乎没有)

He seldom play Dota 他很少玩Dota(实际上几乎不玩)

She was very shy,she scarcely asked any questions during the calss.

她以前很害羞,上课几乎不问任何问题。

Now, Michael Jordan is seldom/rarely seen by his fans.

迈克尔乔丹现在很少为他的粉丝所见了。(他很少在粉丝前露面了)

We love Chinese food, we seldom/rarely go to KFC

我们热爱中餐,我们很少去KFC

(2)hardly, scarcely  几乎不,几乎没有

Kobe had little time that day,we hardly/scarcely had time to ask him any questions.

那天科比时间太紧了,我们根本没有时间问他任何问题。

The weather in Tibet is so strange, we hardly/scarcely fold(折叠) our umbrella,the sun appears again。

西藏的天气太奇怪了,我们还没有收好雨伞,太阳就出来了。



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