4. 名词性从句

您所在的位置:网站首页 名词性从句的省略 4. 名词性从句

4. 名词性从句

2023-03-09 17:20| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

陈述句,疑问句的四种新身份

引导词-从句

陈述句

陈述句的变身

English is important.

作主语  →  That English is important is a fact.  →主语从句

作宾语  →  I don't know that English is important.  →宾语从句

作表语  →  The fact is that English is important.  →表语从句

同位语  →  The fact that English is important is true.  →同位语从句

引导词that

1. that什么时候可以省略?

原则:不出事。(在没有连词的情况下)一句话中有且只能有一个核心动作。that相当于一个公示牌,提醒你它后面的是要作为本句中的一个部分,是从句

tell me (that) you love me.  去掉that,为me和you连着,不会产生歧义,可以省略。

I know that you are a doctor.  去掉that,know you构成动宾结构,容易产生歧义,不能省,加上that表示后面是一个从句。口语中有时候不加,是因为在口语中会有停顿,就不容易理解错,正式的表达要加that。

2. that省略的情况

主句谓语动词是think, suppose, presume(假设), dare(敢), say等,其后宾语从句的引导词that通常省略。(这些词后面一定是句子,就不会产生歧义)

3. that不省略的情况

主句谓语动词是agree, argue(争论),hold, learn, maintain, observe(注意), contend(主张), conceive(设想), reckon(认为), remark(评论), state, suggest, assume(假设), announce, indicate等,其后宾语从句的引导词that通常不可省略

一般疑问句

一般疑问句的变身

Do you know the answer?

作主语  →  Whether you know the answer is not important.  →主语从句

作宾语  →  I'm not sure if/whether you know the answer.  →宾语从句

作表语  →  My concern is whether you know the answer.  →表语从句

同位语  →  The fact whether you know the answer is my concern.  →同位语从句

引导词whether/if

1. 区别

①位置:whether后可直接跟or not. if 和or not不能直接连接,中间放从句。

②含义:加or not表示强调。

2. 使用

if 通常引导宾语从句,whether通用,但不能都用whether,因为whether意为“是否”,if保留了原本的含义“如果”,体现在句子里有区别。

语序

疑问语序变为陈述语序:疑问句从句子降级成为句子成分,不再配备助动词等。

What did you say?  →  你说了什么不重要。  →  What you say is not important.(句子变成了主语,去掉did)

特殊疑问句

特殊疑问句的变身

When will the parade start?

作主语  →  When the parade will start is unknown.  →主语从句

作宾语  →  I don't know when the parade will start.  →宾语从句

作表语  →  The problem is when the parade will start.  →表语从句

同位语  →  I have no idea when the parade will start.    →同位语从句

引导词:见图表

从句后置

主语从句后置

1. 定义

一般情况

that +陈述句作主语通常后置。

That Jim doesn't understand English is obvious.  违反了“尾重”原则,主语过长  。 →变形

变形:由it作形主,真正的主语置后。

It is obvious that Jim doesn't understand English.

特殊情况

当what带有“什么”这层含义且表示疑问时可以后置,反之,不可。

It is a mystery what caused the accident.是什么造成了事故还不清楚。

What he said was very important.    what=the words that

2. 句型

1.It is + 过去分词+ that从句

It is said that…  据说                                         It is not decided that…  悬而未决

It is universally believed that…  广为人知         It is to be discussed that…  有待解决

It must be point out that…  必须指出                 It has been found that…  人们发现

It has been found that women live longer than men do.  (为什么要加do?这里涉及可比性的问题,前面是女人活得时长,后面也要是男人活的时长,而不是与男人相比,所以要加do。)

2.It is + 形容词+ that从句

中间可用的形容词:clear, unlikely, fortunate, strange, necessary.

我们要每两周聚一次。It is necessary that we meet every two weeks.

3.It is + 名词/名词短语 + that从句

名词/名词短语可以是:good news, no wonder(难怪), an honor, a shame, common knowledge(常识)

It's common knowledge that a flash of lightning is seen before a clap of thunder is heard. 

  (flash:闪现,a flash of:一道,一丝;一丝希望:a flash of hope;in a flash:一瞬间)

4.It +不及物动词/不及物动词短语 + that从句

不及物动词/不及物动词短语:turns out最终,occurs to sb 某人突然意识到。

When I decided to learn English, it never occurred to me that I might become an English teacher.当我决定学英语时,我从来没想到我会成为英语老师。

It dawned on me that something had happened to my sister.我突然意识到我姐姐出事了。dawned:黎明,dawned on:意识到

5.其他结构

It makes no difference that    无所谓

It doesn't need to be bothered that    无须理会,不必担心

It doesn't matter what you wear, as long as you look neat and tidy.

宾语从句后置

定义:由it作形宾,真正的宾语在补语后面。

栗子:

I(主) believe(谓) that human body is a kind of conduct(宾) true(补).

  →  宾语过长,用it作形式宾语,将真正的宾语后置

  →  I(主) believe(谓) it(形宾) true(补) that human body is a kind of conduct(真正的宾语)

思维导图-名词性从句


【本文地址】


今日新闻


推荐新闻


CopyRight 2018-2019 办公设备维修网 版权所有 豫ICP备15022753号-3