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Unit 2 Making a difference重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习(知识点全覆盖)基础词汇变形1. temporarily adv.临时地，短暂地→____________ adj. 临时的，短暂的2. achievement n.成绩，成就 →____________v. 获得成就，实现3. major v. 专修，adj. 主要的,n. 专业→ ____________ n.大多数4. treatment n.治疗，疗法→____________ v. 治疗，对待5. far adj. 遥远的→ ____________r(比较级）→ furthest/farthest(最高级）6.contribution n. 贡献→____________v.贡献，促进7. relief n. 减轻，缓解→____________v. 减轻，缓解8.__________ v. 影响→___________ n. 影响，效果→___________ adj. 有效的→____________adv. 有效地9.recycle v. 回收利用→____________adj. 可回收的10. donate v. 捐赠 →____________ n.捐赠11.____________ n. 真实，现实→real adj.真的的→ ________ v. 实现，意识到重点词组1.rise to one’s feet ____________2.board the train ____________3.join sb ____________4.the way of doing sth ____________5.on doing sth ____________6.escape from ____________7.in danger ____________8.keep records of ____________9.serve as____________10.____________ 旨在做某事11.____________设法做某事12. ____________犹豫，迟疑13. ____________在...的帮助下14. ____________ 从一边看到另一边15.____________挣钱16.____________结果是，出席17. make a difference ____________18. set up ____________19. benefit from ____________20. make one’s dream a reality ___________一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1．None of the medicine I took was ________ (effect), but eating sensibly and exercising regularly are now my “personal” ways to improve immunity(免疫力)．2．There are various ________ (treat) available for this condition.3．5G technology will make a great _____(contribute) to the development of China’s communication industry.4．Some paintings of modern art are so ________(reality) that they look like photographs.5．Television is an________(effect) mean of communication.6．In the last few years, our country has made great________ (achieve) in the development of technology.7．Carry a map with you in order not to get ______(lose). 8．The job ________(advertise) in the newspaper had already been filled. 9．Cholera used to be one of the most ____(fear) diseases in the world. 10．Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of ______(real) in one form or another.11．To work out the problem of water _________(short), we have to put all our efforts together.12．You should make your promise ________(base) on what you can achieve.13．Liquid ________(obtain) from the bark of this tree can be used to treat several kinds of diseases.14．No matter when and where the masses are in trouble,the Chinese soldiers always come to their________ (assist) immediately.15．In space, astronauts collect all dirty water so as ________ (recycle) it for later use.16．To our_______________(relieve), he recovered his health and went back to work.17．Those are the problems ______ (leave) over by him.18．The experience _______(gain) from daily life will be of great value to us.19．___________(bring)up in the countryside made Mr Wilson very hardworking when he was very young.20．We called on the local people to make a contribution ___________ the relief fund.21．Some plants are very sensitive _________ light and they prefer shade.22．Taking plenty of exercise can be _________ great benefit.23．All ________ (donate) blood is screened for HIV. 24．Benefit is calculated on the basis of average weekly ________ (earn)．(所给词的适当形式填空）25．________(face) with so much challenge, we failed to complete the task on time.26．Chinese students often have difficulty ________(use) tense correctly. 27．The village where he was born has changed beyond _____ (recognize).28．The president, ________(accompany) by the governor, led the chairman up to the house.29．The boy looked __________(anxiety) at his parents, as if asking for forgiveness.30．Are you going to take ________ the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing 二、根据汉语意思填写单词31．The start of a new year is a good time to reflect on the many ________ (成就) of the past.32．Jeremy Lin has________(赢得)a good reputation for his excellent basketball skills.33．The length of the ____(治疗) depends on the problem.34．It is an interesting movie, full of _________(见解) into human relationships.35．An unhappy childhood may have some negative influence on a person’s character. However, they are not always ________ (有效的).36．The country stepped up _________________(内部的) security.37．Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this ________ (领土) their home.38．All ___________ (相关的) scientific observation data and analysis results should be shared between different countries.39．The garden city contains not merely farms but also sonic industrial ___________(机构).40．Cathy ___________ (犹豫) for a moment and agreed with my decision.41．The more empty cans that can be collected for ________ (回收利用), the better.42．It was ______________ (慷慨的) of them to ask Anna along.43．The thieves entered the building ________(装扮) as medical workers. 44．His ________ (主要的) worry was that Tom lacked experience.45．________ (军事的) action may become necessary.三、完成句子46．________ ________ ________，the missing child returned home ten days later，tired but healthy.令我们感到欣慰的是，失踪的孩子十天后回到了家。他虽然很累，但很健康。47．________________, I do believe that I will have a better understanding of your country and culture.由于你的慷慨帮助，我相信我会更好地了解你的国家和文化。48．你不能接受提供给你的意见，除非它是基于事实的。You cannot accept an opinion ________ ________ ________ unless it is based on facts.49．樊锦诗，1938年出生于北京，是一名著名的考古学家。Fan Jinshi, ______ ______ Beijing in 1938, is a famous archaeologist.50．应该采取有效措施，禁止人们在公共场所吸烟。________ should be taken to ________ in public places.四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I am working in a small company. A few ____51____ (week) ago, a girl who worked as ____52____ secretary in our company was diagnosed (诊断) with brain cancer. All of the employees in our company helped to raise money for her.She is from a ____53____ (relative) poor family and she lost her father when she was 15 years old. Now, she is a single parent with a 3 year old daughter and there is no one to look after her kid. Her monthly income is only $ 200 ____54____ it is very difficult for her family ____55____ (bear) the expenses of her treatment.When we knew about her situation, we wanted to help her, so we ____56____ (report) her problem to the top-level management and our HR Department. ____57____fact, we were willing 10 give some of our salaries (薪水) to her. So far, we ____58____ (raise) about $ 1,333 for her post-operative care expenses.Now she is back from the hospital and is getting better day by day. Yesterday we went to meet her at her house. She was very ____59____ (thank) to all the people who had helped her with her medical _____60_____ (treat) generously.参考答案：重点单词变形1. temporarily adv.临时地，短暂地→temporary adj. 临时的，短暂的2. achievement n.成绩，成就 → achieve v. 获得成就，实现3. major v. 专修，adj. 主要的,n. 专业→ majority n.大多数4. treatment n.治疗，疗法→ treat v. 治疗，对待5. far adj. 遥远的→ further/farther(比较级）→ furthest/farthest(最高级）6.contribution n. 贡献→contribute v.贡献，促进7. relief n. 减轻，缓解→relieve v. 减轻，缓解8. affect v. 影响→effect n. 影响，效果→effective adj. 有效的→effectively adv. 有效地9.recycle v. 回收利用→recyclable adj. 可回收的10. donate v. 捐赠 →donation n.捐赠11.reality n. 真实，现实→real adj.真的的→ realize v. 实现，意识到重点词组1.rise to one’s feet 站起身来2.board the train 登上火车3.join sb 加入某人4.the way of doing sth 做某事的方法5.on doing sth 一...就...6.escape from 从...逃脱7.in danger 处于危险中8.keep records of 记录9.serve as 充当，起作用10.aim to do sth 旨在做某事11.manage to do sth 设法做某事12. hesitate to do sth 犹豫，迟疑13. with the assistance of...在...的帮助下14. look across 从一边看到另一边15. earn money 挣钱16. turn out 结果是，出席17. make a difference 有影响18. set up 建立19. benefit from 从...中获益20. make one’s dream a reality 梦想成真1．effective【详解】考查形容词。句意：我服用的所有药物都没有效果，但是合理饮食和定期锻炼是我现在提高免疫力的“个人”方法。空处在句中为表语，所以用形容词effective，意为“有效的”，故填effective。2．treatments【详解】考查名词的数。句意：有多种治疗方法可以治疗这种情况。分析句子可知，根据空格前there are的可知，此处应填入名词复数形式。treat的名词形式为treatment，意为“疗法”。故填treatments。3．contribution　【详解】考查名词。句意：5G技术将为中国通信产业的发展作出巨大贡献。空格前有形容词great修饰，空处应用名词作宾语，contribution贡献，可数名词，make a great contribution to...意为“为……作出巨大贡献”。故填contribution。4．realistic【详解】考查形容词作表语。句意：一些现代艺术的绘画作品如此逼真，以至于它们看起来像照片一样。be动词are后面用形容词作表语，所给词reality是名词，其形容词是realistic，意为“逼真的”。故填realistic。5．effective【详解】考查形容词。句意：电视是一种有效的通讯手段。根据空前冠词an和空后mean“手段，方式”可知，应用形容词作定语，修饰名词mean。故填effective。6．achievements【详解】考查名词。句意：在过去的几年里，我国在科技发展方面取得了巨大成就。根据句意可知，空格处用名词形式；achieve动词，获得，取得；achievement可数名词，成就。make great achievements取得重大进步。故填achievements。7．lost【详解】考查过去分词。句意：你随身带张地图，以免迷路。get 加过去分词表示状态。迷路的lost。故填lost。8．advertised【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：报纸上的招聘广告已经招满了人。句子谓语为had already been filled，设空处应用非谓语动词，advertise与逻辑主语The job为动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填advertised。9．feared【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：霍乱曾经是世界上最可怕的疾病之一。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词disease，fear与disease之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填feared。10．reality 　【详解】考查名词。句意：每一代的艺术家都以这样那样的形式展示他们对现实的理解。所填词作介词of的宾语，所以用名词形式。根据句意，故填reality。11．shortage【详解】考查名词。句意：要解决水资源短缺的问题，我们必须齐心协力。此处作介词of的宾语，应用名词shortage。故填shortage。12．based【详解】考查非谓语。句意：你应该根据你能实现的目标做出承诺。分析句子可知，空格及后面部分作定语修饰名词promise，base sth. on sth.意为“以…为基础（或根据）”，动词base与promise之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语，故填based。13．obtained【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从这种树的树皮中提取的液体可以用来治疗几种疾病。本句有谓语can be used，故使用非谓语动词形式，此处被修饰名词liquid 和obtain 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填obtained。14．assistance【详解】考查名词。句意：无论人民群众何时何地遇到困难，中国军人总是第一时间伸出援助之手。此处为短语come to one's assistance表示“伸出援助之手”，名词作宾语。故填assistance。15．to recycle【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在太空中，宇航员收集所有的脏水，以便回收利用。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中不作谓语，应使用非谓语动词形式，因句子表达的是目的，应使用动词不定式，故填to recycle。16．relief【详解】考查名词。句意：使我们感到宽慰的是，他恢复了健康，又回去工作了。此处位于形容词性物主代词之后，因此需要填入名词，relieve的名词为relief；to one’s relief为固定短语，表示“令某人宽慰的是……”。故填relief。17．left【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些都是他遗留下来的问题。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作后置定语，leave over与problem之间为被动关系，且动作已经发生，所以使用过去分词。故填left。18．gained【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从日常生活中获得的经验对我们非常有价值。作后置定语修饰名词experience，应用非谓语动词，gain和experience之间为逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词。故填gained。19．Being brought【详解】考查动名词。句意：在农村被养大使得威尔逊在年轻时很努力。分析句子可知，此处应用动名词作为句子主语，Wilson和bring up之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用动名词的被动形式being done。故填Being brought。20．to【详解】考查固定短语。 句意：我们呼吁当地人民向救济基金捐款。make a contribution to捐赠，为……做出贡献，该短语是固定短语，所以填to。21．to【详解】考查固定短语。句意：有些植物对光非常敏感，它们喜阴。be sensitive to表示“对……敏感”，故填to。22．of【详解】考查固定结构。句意：多做运动有很大的好处。be + of + 抽象名词 = be +抽象名词相应的形容词，故填of。23．donated【详解】考查动词。句意：所有捐献的血液都要进行艾滋病毒检测。分析句子成分可知，blood与donate是动宾关系，所以此处应该使用动词过去分词形式作定语。故填donated。24．earnings【详解】考查名词的数。句意：福利是根据每周平均收入计算的。空处作宾语，表示“收入”应用名词earnings。故填earnings。25．Faced【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：面对着这么多麻烦挑战，我们没有按时完成这项任务。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语，we和face之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填Faced。26．using【详解】考查固定短语和动名词。句意：中国学生经常在正确使用时态方面有困难。短语have difficulty （in）doing...，意为“在......有困难”，后面的doing是动名词作介词in的宾语，根据句意，故填using。27．recognition【详解】考查名词。句意：他出生的村庄已经变得面目全非了。beyond是介词，后接名词构成短语，此处短语beyond recognition 意为“面目全非；识别不出”，故填recognition。28．accompanied【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在州长的陪同下，他把主席领进了房子。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语the president之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词的过去分词作后置定语。故填accompanied。29．anxiously【详解】考查副词。句意：那个男孩焦虑地看着他的父母亲，好像请求他们的宽恕。在英语中通常用副词作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或者谓语，本句中应该使用副词修饰动词短语look at。名词anxiety的副词形式为anxiously。故答案为anxiously。30．up【详解】考查固定短语。句意：你准备接受挑战，坚持一个星期不争吵吗？由“lasting a whole week without arguing”可知，句子表示“接受挑战”，“接受”是固定短语take up，空格处是up，故填up。31．achievements【详解】考查名词。句意：新年伊始是回顾过去许多成就的好时机。根据汉语提示“成就”可知，此处为名词achievement作宾语，many修饰可数名词复数形式。故填achievements。32．earned【详解】考查时态。句意：林书豪以其出色的篮球技术赢得了良好的声誉。赢得为earn，本句为现在完成时，空处填过去分词。故填earned。33．treatment【详解】考查名词。句意：治疗的时间长短取决于问题本身。根据汉语提示可知应填名词treatment，作宾语，此处表示此次治疗，应用单数。故填treatment。34．insights【详解】考查名词。句意：这是一部有趣的电影，充满了对人际关系的深刻见解。分析句子可知，“见解”在句中作介词宾语，应用名词insight；insight表示“见解，领悟”是可数名词，结合句意，在full of后用复数形式。故填insights。35．effective【详解】考查形容词。句意：不快乐的童年可能会对一个人的性格产生一些消极影响。然而，它们并不总是有效的。根据汉语提示，空处应用形容词effective，表示“有效的”，在句中作表语。故填effective。36．internal【详解】考查形容词。句意：该国加强了国内安全。名词security前用形容词修饰。根据汉语提示及句意，故填internal。37．territory【详解】考查名词。句意：跟随驯鹿的是萨米人，他们把这片土地作为自己的家。根据汉语提示“领土”以及空前的made this可知应填名词territory的单数形式，作宾语。故填territory。38．relevant【详解】考查形容词。句意：所有相关科学观测数据和分析结果应在各国之间共享。根据汉意提示，应为形容词relevant，作定语。故填relevant。39．institutions【详解】考查名词复数。句意：花园城市不仅有农场，而且还有声波工业机构。根据汉语提示可知，空处可使用名词institution（机构），且此处表示复数的概念，因此需使用其复数形式。故填institutions。40．hesitated【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：Cathy犹豫了一会儿，同意了我的决定。分析句子可知，此处应用动词，作谓语；根据汉语提示，应为动词hesitate；由“agreed”可知，应用一般过去时，表示已经发生的动作。故填hesitated。41．recycling【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：可以回收利用的空罐越多越好。根据中文提示，recycle，动词，回收利用；又根据介词for可知，空格处用动名词。故填recycling。42．generous【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们很慷慨，邀请安娜一起去。根据汉语提示“慷慨的”可知，应填形容词generous作表语。故填generous。43．disguised【详解】考查动词。句意：窃贼装扮成医务人员进入大楼。根据汉语提示可知，disguise装扮，动词，和逻辑主语thieves之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填disguised。44．chief【详解】考查形容词。句意：他主要担心的是汤姆缺乏经验。“主要的”表达为形容词chief，作名词worry的前置定语。故填chief。45．Military【详解】考查形容词。句意：可能有必要采取军事行动。“军事的”表达为形容词military，作前置定语，修饰action，设空处在句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Military。46． To our relief【详解】考查固定搭配，名词和代词。表示“令...的是”应用固定搭配to one’s +抽象名词。表示“我们”应用形容词性物主代词our；表示“安慰”应用名词relief。故填To our relief。47．Thanks to your generous help【详解】考查介词短语。“由于”thanks to，thanks置于句首，首字母大写，“你的慷慨帮助”your generous help，其中形容词generous作定语修饰名词help，名词短语作介词to的宾语。故填Thanks to your generous help。48． offered to you【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据句意和句子结构，设空处缺“提供给你”，作后置定语修饰名词opinion，应用非谓语动词形式，“给某人提供某物”表达为offer sth to sb；offer与opinion之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，结合其他汉语提示。故填：①offered②to③you。49． born in【详解】考查过去分词。根据句意分析句子可知，该句子是一个完整的主系表结构，所以空格处只能填入非谓语形式作定语，对前面的主语Fan Jinshi进行限定说明；“出生于”应该用固定短语be born in表示，主语Fan Jinshi和动词bear之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词作定语。故填born in。50． Effective measures forbid smoking【详解】考查名词和动词。分析中文句子可知，第一空使用effective measures表示“有效措施”作主语；第二空使用forbid smoking表示“禁止吸烟”，因为是在不定式结构中，故forbid使用原形，而“禁止做某事”为forbid doing sth.，故smoke使用动名词形式。故答案为Effective mesures；forbid smoking。51．weeks 52．a 53．relatively 54．so 55．to bear 56．reported 57．In 58．have raised 59．thankful 60．treatment【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者公司的一个女秘书被被诊断出患有脑癌，员工帮她筹集资金的故事。51．考查名词的数。句意：几周前，我们公司的一个女秘书被诊断出患有脑癌。week为可数名词，由a few修饰应用复数。故填weeks。52．考查冠词。句意：几周前，我们公司的一个女秘书被诊断出患有脑癌。secretary为可数名词，此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。53．考查副词。句意：她来自一个相对贫穷的家庭，15岁时失去了父亲。修饰形容词poor应用副词relatively，作状语。故填relatively。54．考查连词。句意：她的月收入只有200美元，所以她的家庭很难负担她的治疗费用。结合前后文语境可知为因果关系，应用连词so。故填so。55．考查非谓语动词。句意：她的月收入只有200美元，所以她的家庭很难负担她的治疗费用。此处为it be adj. for sb. to do sth.，it作形式主语，不定式作真正宾语。故填to bear。56．考查时态。句意：当我们知道她的情况后，我们想要帮助她，所以我们把她的问题报告给了最高管理层和我们的人力资源部门。结合上文wanted可知为一般过去时。故填reported。57．考查介词。句意：事实上，我们愿意拿出一部分工资给她。短语in fact表示“事实上”，句首单词首字母要大写。故填In。58．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，我们已经为她筹集了大约1333美元的术后护理费用。根据上文so far可知用现在完成时，主语为we，助动词用have。故填have raised。59．考查形容词。句意：她非常感谢所有慷慨地帮助她接受治疗的人。作表语应用形容词thankful。故填thankful。60．考查名词。句意：她非常感谢所有慷慨地帮助她接受治疗的人。作介词的宾语应用名词treatment，表示“治疗”，为不可数名词，故填treatment。

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