介绍56个最常见的英语前缀及其相关派生词(fore) |
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fore-[OE]=front; before; beforehand fore-也是个本族语前缀,它来自英语介副词fore,原意是before,可表示时间或位置的“前”。fore-是派生前缀,只与单词相缀合,意为front, before, beforehand等。它在构词中起修饰作用,所以,一般不影响词基单词的词性。以下是几个常用的含fore-的派生词。 forefoot [fore-=front前;foot n. 脚⇒“front foot前脚”→]n. one of the front feet of an animal(兽的)前脚 / The horse hurt its forefoot in the race. 马在比赛中前蹄受了伤。 foreground [fore-=front前;ground n. 场地⇒“front ground前场”→]n. part of a picture toward the front(图画的)前景 / The foreground of the picture shows a cottage, while mountains loom in the background. 这幅画的前景是座农舍,其背景是隐约可见的山峦。 foreword [fore-=front前;word n. 言语⇒“the word at the front写在前面的话”→]n. introduction or preface to a book前言,序言 / The foreword was no more than a statement thanking those who had helped the author with the book. 那前言只是个声明,对曾帮助该书作者的人表示谢意。 forenoon [fore-=before在…前;noon n. 中午⇒“(the time)before noon午前的(时间)”→]n. &a. (the time) between early morning and noon午前(的),上午(的) / The morning watch passed into a forenoon watch. 早班转成中班。 forementioned [fore-=before前;mentioned a. 提到的→]a. mentioned before上述的 / Take the forementioned ingredients and mix with water. 取出上述配料用水调和。 forecast [fore-=beforehand预先;cast v. 估计,安排⇒“to cast or arrange beforehand预先估计安排”→]v. tell what is coming预测,预报 / Cooler weather is forecast for tomorrow. 天气预报说明天会凉快一些。 foreclose [fore-=beforehand事先;close v. 关⇒“to close beforehand事先将门关住”→]v. shut out; prevent排斥;阻止 / The club voted to foreclose further discussion of the subject. 俱乐部投票决定不再讨论该议题。 foresee [fore-=beforehand预先;see v. 见→]v. see or know beforehand预见,预知 / Things turned out to be exactly as he had foreseen. 事情的结局正如他所预见的那样。 ▷foreseeable a. 可预见到的 foreseer n. 有先见之明的人 练习 22 1.[词缀辨异] 指出下列单词的前缀及其含义: ① forebody n. 船体前半部 ( )a. for-=away ② foretime n. 过去 ( )b. fore-=front ③ forest n. 森林 ( )c. fore-=before ④ foreknow v. 预知 ( )d. × ⑤ forsake v. 遗弃 ( )e. fore-=beforehand 2.[一字之差] for-与fore-只有一字之差,它们与同一单词组成的派生词的意思却迥然 不同。试从右列提供的四个词义中找出以下两对单词的词义: ① forgo ( )a. 摒绝 ② forego ( )b. 发生在…之前 ③ forbear ( )c. 克制 ④ forebear ( )d. 祖先 3.[同义相连] A fore-(=front)+名词→名词派生词 ① forearm ( )a. 前臂 ② foredeck ( )b. 最前方 ③ forefinger ( )c. 前甲板 ④ forefront ( )d. 前桅 ⑤ foremast ( )e. 食指 B fore-(=before)+单词→派生词 ① forefather ( )a. 已经,过去 ② forerun ( )b. 比填写的日期早的日期 ③ foretime ( )c. 为…的先驱 ④ foredate ( )d. 祖先 ⑤ forename ( )e. 名(放在姓之前) C fore-(=beforehand)+单词→派生词 ① forearm ( )a. 预言,预示 ② foredoom ( )b. 未了解事实就断定 ③ forejudge ( )c. 注定 ④ foretell ( )d. 预先武装 ⑤ forethought ( )e. 预谋 4.[心领神会] ① forehead n. 前额 ② foreknowledge n. 预告,先见 ③ foreleg n. (兽的)前腿 ④ foremother n. 祖先 ⑤ forepart n. 前部 ⑥ foresight n. 先见,预见 ⑦ foresail n. 前桅帆 ⑧ forewarn n. 预先警告 5.[节外生枝] 有时fore-以异体for-的形式出现,这时,两种词形通用。例如: ① forfend=forefend v. 挡开,避开 ② forgather=foregather v. 聚会;交往 |
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