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简介
BFD：BFD:BidirectionalForwarding Detection,双向转发检查 作用：毫秒级故障检查，通常结合三层协议（如静态路由、vrrp、ospf、BGP等）实现链路故障快速检查 简单实验拓扑
AR1: [AR1]ip route-static 2.2.2.0 24 12.1.1.2 [AR1]ip route-static 2.2.2.0 24 21.1.1.2 preference 70AR2: [AR2]ip route-static 1.1.1.0 24 12.1.1.1 [AR2]ip route-static 1.1.1.1 24 21.1.1.1 preference 70 [AR1]ping -a 1.1.1.1 2.2.2.2 PING 2.2.2.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=470 ms Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=60 ms Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=40 ms Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=40 ms Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=40 ms --- 2.2.2.2 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 40/130/470 msR1: [AR1]bfd [AR1]bfd 1 bind peer-ip 12.1.1.2 source-ip 12.1.1.1 [AR1-bfd-session-1]discriminator local 1 #配置本地标识 [AR1-bfd-session-1]discriminator remote 2 #配置远端标识 [AR1-bfd-session-1]comm [AR1-bfd-session-1]commit #提交R2： bfd bfd 1 bind peer-ip 12.1.1.1 source-ip 12.1.1.2 discriminator local 2 discriminator remote 1 commit在静态路由上配置bfd: R1： [AR1]ip route-static 2.2.2.0 24 12.1.1.2 track bfd-session 1R2： [AR2]ip route-static 1.1.1.0 24 12.1.1.1 track bfd-session 1 1 查看bfd信息 [AR1]dis bfd session all -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Local Remote PeerIpAddr State Type InterfaceName -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 2 12.1.1.2 Up S_IP_PEER - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total UP/DOWN Session Number : 1/0查看更加详细的bfd信息: [AR1]dis bfd session all verbose -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Session MIndex : 256 (Multi Hop) State : Up Name : 1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Local Discriminator : 1 Remote Discriminator : 2 Session Detect Mode : Asynchronous Mode Without Echo Function BFD Bind Type : Peer IP Address Bind Session Type : Static Bind Peer IP Address : 12.1.1.2 Bind Interface : - Track Interface : - Bind Source IP Address : 12.1.1.1 FSM Board Id : 0 TOS-EXP : 7 Min Tx Interval (ms) : 1000 Min Rx Interval (ms) : 1000 Actual Tx Interval (ms): 1000 Actual Rx Interval (ms): 1000 Local Detect Multi : 3 Detect Interval (ms) : 3000 Echo Passive : Disable Acl Number : - ospf 调用bfd 加快收敛前言:ospf默认的hello报文是10秒钟发一次，检测到故障是40秒也就是需要四十秒才能将那个有问题的路由清除，在ospf上调用bfd可以起到快速收敛的作用 实验拓扑:
AR1: [AR1]ospf 1 [AR1-ospf-1]area 0 [AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 [AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 [AR1]ospf 1 [AR1-ospf-1]bfd all-interfaces enableAR2: [AR2]ospf 1 [AR2-ospf-1]area 0 [AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net [AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 [AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 [AR2]ospf 1 [AR2-ospf-1]bfd all-interfaces enable如果我们把右边的网线断开，如果通过ospf去收敛的话需要几十秒，但是通过调用bfd几秒就可以收敛完成 [AR1]dis ospf peer brief OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 12.1.1.1 Peer Statistic Information ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Area Id Interface Neighbor id State 0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 12.1.1.2 Full ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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