NB-ARC（由 APAF-1、R 蛋白和 CED-4 共享的核苷酸结合接头）基因家族在植物发育中起关键作用。然而，我们对NB-ARC基因如何调节植物穗部植物发育的机制的理解仍然有限。在这里，我们对水稻中的 258 个 NB-ARC 基因进行全基因组分析，以表征它们的结构、功能和表达模式。NB-ARC基因分为三个主要组，第二组包括九个亚组。双子叶植物NB-ARC基因的进化分析（拟南芥) 和两种单子叶植物 (水稻土地小麦) 表明同源基因组片段在单子叶植物中是保守的，并且在进化过程中受到弱的正选择压力。检测到分散和近端复制事件。表达分析表明，大多数NB-ARC基因在水稻Ce253的根、穗和叶中均有表达，并在穗发育阶段受到调控。这国民生产总值12RGH1A基因编码RGH1A蛋白，该蛋白根据穗长、穗粒数和粒长调节水稻产量，具有8个主要单倍型。预计 NB-ARC 蛋白家族的大多数成员含有 P 环保守结构域并定位于膜上。本研究的结果将深入了解 NB-ARC 家族的特征和演变，并表明国民生产总值12正向调节穗发育。

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The NB-ARC (nucleotide-binding adaptor shared by APAF-1, R proteins, and CED-4) gene family plays a critical role in plant development. However, our understanding of the mechanisms of how NB-ARC genes regulate plant development in the plant panicle is still limited. Here, we subjected 258 NB-ARC genes in rice to genome-wide analysis to characterize their structure, function, and expression patterns. The NB-ARC genes were classified into three major groups, and group II included nine subgroups. Evolutionary analysis of NB-ARC genes in a dicotyledon plant (Arabidopsis thaliana) and two monocotyledonous plants (Oryza sativa L. and Triticum aestivum) indicated that homologous genome segments were conserved in monocotyledons and subjected to weak positive selective pressure during evolution. Dispersed and proximal replication events were detected. Expression analysis showed expression of most NB-ARC genes in roots, panicles, and leaves, and regulation at the panicle development stage in rice Ce253. The GNP12 gene encodes RGH1A protein, which regulates rice yield according to panicle length, grain number of panicle, and grain length, with eight major haplotypes. Most members of NB-ARC protein family are predicted to contain P-loop conserved domains and localize on the membrane. The results of this study will provide insight into the characteristics and evolution of NB-ARC family and suggest that GNP12 positively regulates panicle development.