浙江中医药大学实验报告

日期：20##-12

地点：机能学实验室15109

家兔动脉血压的神经与体液调节

【摘要】1. 目的：动脉血压是循环功能的重要指标之一，动脉血压过高或过低都会影响各器官的血液供应和心脏的负担。若动脉血压过低，将引起器官血液供应减少，尤其是脑和心脏等重要器官的供血不足，将导致严重后果。若血压过高，则心脏和血管的负担过重。长期高血压患者往往引起心脏代偿性肥大、心功能不全，甚至导致心力衰竭。血管长期受到高压，血管壁本身发生病理性改变，甚至可导致破裂而引起脑溢血等严重后果，所以保持动脉血压近于正常的相对稳定状态是十分重要的。本实验就是通过对家兔的颈动脉进行试验，掌握记录和测量家兔动脉血压的直接测量方法 ，观察神经和体液因素改变对家兔动脉血压调节的影响，并分析该些因素的作用机制。2.方法：实验仪器准备：连通液导系统并制压，压力换能器的调节（液体中含有柠檬酸钠，是体外抗凝剂）； 动物准备：兔的麻醉与固定（20%氨基甲酸乙酯），气管插管， 左颈总动脉、右颈总静脉、右侧迷走神经、主动脉神经穿线备用，动脉插管（动脉连血压感受器）   3. 结论：夹闭一侧颈总动脉，夹闭右颈总动脉，注射去甲肾上腺素可使家兔血压升高；电刺激减压神经和迷走神经可使家兔的血压下降。

【关键词】动脉血压；去甲肾上腺素；电刺激；减压神经；迷走神经

【Abstract】1. Purpose: artery blood pressure is one of the important indexes of circular function, arterial blood pressure too high or low will affect the various organs of the heart and blood supply of the burden. If the artery blood pressure is too low, will cause organ blood supply decrease, especially the brain and heart, and other important organ blood shortage, cause serious consequence. If high blood pressure, the heart and vascular burden overweight. Patients with high blood pressure often cause long-term decompensated heart hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunction, and lead to heart failure. For a long time by high pressure vessels, hemal wall itself happening pathological change, even can lead to burst and cause edema serious consequences, so keep arteries close to normal blood pressure of the relative stable state is very important. The experiment of rabbit is through the carotid artery experiment, master records and measurement of arterial blood pressure of direct measurement method, observation and humoral element changes on the nerve of the influence of arterial blood pressure adjustment, and analyzes the mechanism of action of some factors. 2. Methods: experimental instrument preparation: connect the system pressure and liquid system, the adjustment of the transducer pressure (liquid containing sodium citrate, is in vitro anticoagulation); Animal preparation: rabbit of anesthesia and fixed (20% amino acid ethyl ester), tracheal intubation, the left common carotid artery, right, right carotid vein vagus nerve, aortic neural threading spare, intravenous intubation (after a successful intubation injection heparin, anticoagulant), artery intubation (artery even blood pressure sensors) 3. Conclusion: Closed side common carotid artery,Closed right carotid artery, injection norepinephrine can make the rabbit elevated blood pressure; Electrical stimulation to the vagus nerve and nerve decompression can make the rabbit blood pressure drop.

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