鉴于越来越需要保护脆弱的淡水生态系统并使其更能适应人类使用和气候变化，因此对在污染衰减中起关键作用的潜流带 (HZ) 进行生物监测至关重要。本研究的目的是评估片脚类动物Synurella ambulans的潜力作为萨瓦河（克罗地亚）HZ 金属污染的生物指示剂。在两个采样点（平均采样深度 55 厘米）的四个季节收集了片脚类动物，这些采样点的类型（农业和城市）和人为影响的强度（扩散和点源污染）不同，一个位于上游（医疗储蓄），另一个位于下游(Jarun) 污水处理厂排放。通过 HR ICP测量了S. ambulans的间隙水、沉积物和标本中的 Al、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Pb、Rb、Sn、Zn、Ca、K、Mg 和 Na 的浓度-多发性硬化症。理化参数（温度、DO、O 2饱和度、pH、电导率、碱度、总水硬度、COD KMnO4, 营养素）在孔隙水中测量，而有机碳在孔隙水和沉积物中测量。间隙水和沉积物中的金属浓度低于环境质量标准设定的阈值。S. ambulans中的金属浓度分类如下：在 Jarun 站点（Al、Cr、Fe、Ni、Pb、Sn）较高，在 Medsave 站点（Cd、Cu、Rb）较高，两个站点（Co , 锰, 锌). Jarun 的生物蓄积因子普遍较高，平均值在 322 至 143,278 L kg -1之间。金属在S. ambulans中的生物积累取决于各种环境因素，金属暴露水平和溶解的常量元素显示出与在 S. ambulans 中积累的金属最强的关联救护车。该研究结果提供了第一个证据，证明流动链球菌适合作为HZ 慢性金属污染的良好生物指示剂。

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Given the increasing need to protect vulnerable freshwater ecosystems and make them more resilient to human use and climate change, biomonitoring of the hyporheic zone (HZ), which plays a critical role in pollution attenuation, is essential. The aim of the present study was to assess the potential of the amphipod species Synurella ambulans as a bioindicator of metal contamination in the HZ of the Sava River (Croatia). Amphipods were collected during the four seasons at two sampling sites (average sampling depth 55 cm) differing in type (agricultural and urban) and intensity (diffuse and point source contamination) of anthropogenic influence, one located upstream (Medsave), and the other downstream (Jarun) of the wastewater treatment plant discharge. Concentrations of Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sn, Zn, Ca, K, Mg and Na were measured in the interstitial water, sediments and specimens of S. ambulans by HR ICP-MS. Physicochemical parameters (temperature, DO, O2 saturation, pH, conductivity, alkalinity, total water hardness, CODKMnO4, nutrients) were measured in the interstitial water, while organic carbon was measured in the interstitial water and sediments. Metal concentrations in interstitial water and sediments were below thresholds set by environmental quality standards. Metal concentrations in S. ambulans were classified as follows: higher at the Jarun site (Al, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pb, Sn), higher at the Medsave site (Cd, Cu, Rb) and mostly comparable at both sites (Co, Mn, Zn). Bioaccumulation factors were generally higher at Jarun, with average values ranging from 322 to 143,278 L kg−1. Bioaccumulation of metals in S. ambulans depended on various environmental factors, with metal exposure level and dissolved macro elements showing the strongest association with metals accumulated in S. ambulans. The findings provided the first evidence on the suitability of S. ambulans as a good bioindicator of chronic metal contamination in the HZ.