低维碳基吸波复合材料中的介电损耗机理尚不明确，阐明损耗来源有利于高性能电磁吸波材料的设计和制备。在这项工作中，通过高速液体剪切法合成了准二维 NiFe 水滑石/少层石墨复合材料。微波吸收的测量表明它具有宽带吸收特性。利用粒子群优化算法分析并证实了该材料中德拜弛豫和德鲁德-洛伦兹共振吸收的共存损失机制。的形态，X射线光电子能谱和拉曼光谱表征进一步阐明，功能颗粒和碳基片材之间的准二维界面是增强德鲁德-洛伦兹共振吸收的物理起源。该研究为提高碳基复合材料的吸波性能提供了一种新策略。

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The dielectric loss mechanism in low-dimensional carbon-based absorbing composites remains obscured, and clarifying the loss origin is beneficial for the design and preparation of high-performance electromagnetic absorbing materials. In this work, quasi-2D NiFe hydrotalcite/less layer graphite composites are synthesized by high-speed liquid shear method. The measurements of the microwave absorption show that it has a broadband absorption property. Particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to analyze and confirm the coexistence loss mechanism of Debye-relaxation and Drude–Lorentz resonance absorption in this material. The morphology, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy characterization further elucidate that the quasi-2D interface between functional particles and carbon-based sheets is the physical origin for the enhancement of Drude–Lorentz resonance absorption. This study provides a novel strategy for improving the absorbing performance of carbon-based composite materials.