rely

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rely

2024-07-05 12:01| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

rely(v.)

14世纪中叶, relien,意为"集结,组织"军队,追随者,一群人等(及物和不及物),源自法语单词 relier,意为"集结,组合; 系紧,再次系紧,附着,召集,义务,",源自拉丁语 religare,意为"系紧,紧绑,",源自 re-,这里可能是一个强调前缀(参见 re-),+ ligare "绑定"(源自 PIE 词根 *leig- "绑,捆绑")。

较早的含义现在已经过时。"完全信任和信赖,将自己的信念寄托于"一个人或事物的含义始于1570年代,可能是通过"召集,依赖"的概念。通常与 on 一起使用,可能受到无关的 lie(v.2)"水平休息"的影响。相关的词: Relied; relying。

The verb rely, in the orig. sense 'fasten, fix, attach,' came to be used with a special reference to attaching one's faith or oneself to a person or thing (cf. 'to pin one's faith to a thing,' 'a man to tie to,' colloquial phrases containing the same figure); in this use it became, by omission of the object, in transitive, and, losing thus its etymological associations (the other use, 'bring together again, rally,' having also become obsolete), was sometimes regarded, and has been by some etymologists actually explained, as a barbarous compound of re- + E. lie (1) rest, .... But the pret. would then have been *relay, pp. *relain. [Century Dictionary]动词 rely,最初的意思是'系紧,固定,附着',后来特指将自己的信念或自己附着于一个人或事物(参见'将信念 pin 于一件事物','一个人要 tie 于',这些口语短语包含了相同的比喻); 在这种用法中,它通过省略对象,变成了不及物动词,因此失去了它的词源关联(另一种用法,'再次集结,召集',也已经过时),有时被视为,甚至有一些词源学家实际解释为,是 re- + 英语 lie(1)休息的粗俗复合词,.... 但是,过去式应该是 *relay,过去分词是 *relain。[世纪词典]

同样来自于:mid-14c.



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